python - pywin32を使用したサブメニューを含むWindowsエクスプローラーのコンテキストメニュー

Question

アイコンとサブメニューを備えたPythonを使用していくつかのシェル拡張機能を追加しようとしていますが、pywin32のデモよりもはるかに多くの機能を取得するのに苦労しています。グーグルで検索しても何も思いつかないようです。

右クリックしたファイル/フォルダの場所やファイルの種類などに応じてサブメニューのオプションを変更できるようにするには、comサーバーを登録する必要があると思います。

# A sample context menu handler.
# Adds a 'Hello from Python' menu entry to .py files.  When clicked, a
# simple message box is displayed.
#
# To demostrate:
# * Execute this script to register the context menu.
# * Open Windows Explorer, and browse to a directory with a .py file.
# * Right-Click on a .py file - locate and click on 'Hello from Python' on
#   the context menu.

import pythoncom
from win32com.shell import shell, shellcon
import win32gui
import win32con

class ShellExtension:
    _reg_progid_ = "Python.ShellExtension.ContextMenu"
    _reg_desc_ = "Python Sample Shell Extension (context menu)"
    _reg_clsid_ = "{CED0336C-C9EE-4a7f-8D7F-C660393C381F}"
    _com_interfaces_ = [shell.IID_IShellExtInit, shell.IID_IContextMenu]
    _public_methods_ = shellcon.IContextMenu_Methods + shellcon.IShellExtInit_Methods

    def Initialize(self, folder, dataobj, hkey):
        print "Init", folder, dataobj, hkey
        self.dataobj = dataobj

    def QueryContextMenu(self, hMenu, indexMenu, idCmdFirst, idCmdLast, uFlags):
        print "QCM", hMenu, indexMenu, idCmdFirst, idCmdLast, uFlags
        # Query the items clicked on
        format_etc = win32con.CF_HDROP, None, 1, -1, pythoncom.TYMED_HGLOBAL
        sm = self.dataobj.GetData(format_etc)
        num_files = shell.DragQueryFile(sm.data_handle, -1)
        if num_files>1:
            msg = "&Hello from Python (with %d files selected)" % num_files
        else:
            fname = shell.DragQueryFile(sm.data_handle, 0)
            msg = "&Hello from Python (with '%s' selected)" % fname
        idCmd = idCmdFirst
        items = ['First Python content menu item!']
        if (uFlags & 0x000F) == shellcon.CMF_NORMAL: # Check == here, since CMF_NORMAL=0
            print "CMF_NORMAL..."
            items.append(msg)
        elif uFlags & shellcon.CMF_VERBSONLY:
            print "CMF_VERBSONLY..."
            items.append(msg + " - shortcut")
        elif uFlags & shellcon.CMF_EXPLORE:
            print "CMF_EXPLORE..."
            items.append(msg + " - normal file, right-click in Explorer")
        elif uFlags & CMF_DEFAULTONLY:
            print "CMF_DEFAULTONLY...\r\n"
        else:
            print "** unknown flags", uFlags
        win32gui.InsertMenu(hMenu, indexMenu,
                            win32con.MF_SEPARATOR|win32con.MF_BYPOSITION,
                            0, None)
        indexMenu += 1
        for item in items:
            win32gui.InsertMenu(hMenu, indexMenu,
                                win32con.MF_STRING|win32con.MF_BYPOSITION,
                                idCmd, item)
            indexMenu += 1
            idCmd += 1

        win32gui.InsertMenu(hMenu, indexMenu,
                            win32con.MF_SEPARATOR|win32con.MF_BYPOSITION,
                            0, None)
        indexMenu += 1
        return idCmd-idCmdFirst # Must return number of menu items we added.

    def InvokeCommand(self, ci):
        mask, hwnd, verb, params, dir, nShow, hotkey, hicon = ci
        win32gui.MessageBox(hwnd, "Hello", "Wow", win32con.MB_OK)

    def GetCommandString(self, cmd, typ):
        # If GetCommandString returns the same string for all items then
        # the shell seems to ignore all but one.  This is even true in
        # Win7 etc where there is no status bar (and hence this string seems
        # ignored)
        return "Hello from Python (cmd=%d)!!" % (cmd,)

def DllRegisterServer():
    import _winreg
    folder_key = _winreg.CreateKey(_winreg.HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT,
    "Folder\\shellex")
    folder_subkey = _winreg.CreateKey(folder_key, "ContextMenuHandlers")
    folder_subkey2 = _winreg.CreateKey(folder_subkey, "PythonSample")
    _winreg.SetValueEx(folder_subkey2, None, 0, _winreg.REG_SZ,
    ShellExtension._reg_clsid_)

    file_key = _winreg.CreateKey(_winreg.HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT,
    "*\\shellex")
    file_subkey = _winreg.CreateKey(file_key, "ContextMenuHandlers")
    file_subkey2 = _winreg.CreateKey(file_subkey, "PythonSample")
    _winreg.SetValueEx(file_subkey2, None, 0, _winreg.REG_SZ,
    ShellExtension._reg_clsid_)

    print ShellExtension._reg_desc_, "registration complete."

def DllUnregisterServer():
    import _winreg
    try:
        folder_key = _winreg.DeleteKey(_winreg.HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT,

        "Folder\\shellex\\ContextMenuHandlers\\PythonSample")
        file_key = _winreg.DeleteKey(_winreg.HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT,

        "*\\shellex\\ContextMenuHandlers\\PythonSample ")
    except WindowsError, details:
        import errno
        if details.errno != errno.ENOENT:
            raise
    print ShellExtension._reg_desc_, "unregistration complete."

if __name__=='__main__':
    from win32com.server import register
    register.UseCommandLine(ShellExtension,
                   finalize_register = DllRegisterServer,
                   finalize_unregister = DllUnregisterServer)

Answer 1

たくさんの試行錯誤とグーグルの後で、これを行う方法を見つけました。

次の例は、サブメニューとアイコンを含むメニューを示しています。

# A sample context menu handler.
# Adds a menu item with sub menu to all files and folders, different options inside specified folder. 
# When clicked a list of selected items is displayed.
#
# To demostrate:
# * Execute this script to register the context menu. `python context_menu.py --register`
# * Restart explorer.exe- in the task manager end process on explorer.exe. Then file > new task, then type explorer.exe
# * Open Windows Explorer, and browse to a file/directory.
# * Right-Click file/folder - locate and click on an option under 'Menu options'.

import os
import pythoncom
from win32com.shell import shell, shellcon
import win32gui
import win32con
import win32api

class ShellExtension:
    _reg_progid_ = "Python.ShellExtension.ContextMenu"
    _reg_desc_ = "Python Sample Shell Extension (context menu)"
    _reg_clsid_ = "{CED0336C-C9EE-4a7f-8D7F-C660393C381F}"
    _com_interfaces_ = [shell.IID_IShellExtInit, shell.IID_IContextMenu]
    _public_methods_ = shellcon.IContextMenu_Methods + shellcon.IShellExtInit_Methods

    def Initialize(self, folder, dataobj, hkey):
        print "Init", folder, dataobj, hkey
        win32gui.InitCommonControls()
        self.brand= "Menu options"
        self.folder= "C:\\Users\\Paul\\"
        self.dataobj = dataobj
        self.hicon= self.prep_menu_icon(r"C:\path\to\icon.ico")


    def QueryContextMenu(self, hMenu, indexMenu, idCmdFirst, idCmdLast, uFlags):
        print "QCM", hMenu, indexMenu, idCmdFirst, idCmdLast, uFlags

        # Query the items clicked on
        files= self.getFilesSelected()

        fname = files[0]
        idCmd = idCmdFirst

        isdir= os.path.isdir(fname)
        in_folder= all([f_path.startswith(self.folder) for f_path in files])

        win32gui.InsertMenu(hMenu, indexMenu,
            win32con.MF_SEPARATOR|win32con.MF_BYPOSITION,
            0, None)
        indexMenu += 1

        menu= win32gui.CreatePopupMenu()
        win32gui.InsertMenu(hMenu,indexMenu,win32con.MF_STRING|win32con.MF_BYPOSITION|win32con.MF_POPUP,menu,self.brand)
        win32gui.SetMenuItemBitmaps(hMenu,menu,0,self.hicon,self.hicon)
#        idCmd+=1
        indexMenu+=1

        if in_folder:
            if len(files) == 1:
                if isdir:
                    win32gui.InsertMenu(menu,0,win32con.MF_STRING,idCmd,"Item 1"); idCmd+=1
                else:
                    win32gui.InsertMenu(menu,0,win32con.MF_STRING,idCmd,"Item 2")
                    win32gui.SetMenuItemBitmaps(menu,idCmd,0,self.hicon,self.hicon)
                    idCmd+=1
        else:
            win32gui.InsertMenu(menu,0,win32con.MF_STRING,idCmd,"Item 3")
            win32gui.SetMenuItemBitmaps(menu,idCmd,0,self.hicon,self.hicon)
            idCmd+=1

        if idCmd > idCmdFirst:
            win32gui.InsertMenu(menu,1,win32con.MF_SEPARATOR,0,None)

        win32gui.InsertMenu(menu,2,win32con.MF_STRING,idCmd,"Item 4")
        win32gui.SetMenuItemBitmaps(menu,idCmd,0,self.hicon,self.hicon)
        idCmd+=1
        win32gui.InsertMenu(menu,3,win32con.MF_STRING,idCmd,"Item 5")
        win32gui.SetMenuItemBitmaps(menu,idCmd,0,self.hicon,self.hicon)
        idCmd+=1

        win32gui.InsertMenu(menu,4,win32con.MF_SEPARATOR,0,None)

        win32gui.InsertMenu(menu,5,win32con.MF_STRING|win32con.MF_DISABLED,idCmd,"Item 6")
        win32gui.SetMenuItemBitmaps(menu,idCmd,0,self.hicon,self.hicon)
        idCmd+=1

        win32gui.InsertMenu(hMenu, indexMenu,
                            win32con.MF_SEPARATOR|win32con.MF_BYPOSITION,
                            0, None)
        indexMenu += 1
        return idCmd-idCmdFirst # Must return number of menu items we added.

    def getFilesSelected(self):
        format_etc = win32con.CF_HDROP, None, 1, -1, pythoncom.TYMED_HGLOBAL
        sm = self.dataobj.GetData(format_etc)
        num_files = shell.DragQueryFile(sm.data_handle, -1)
        files= []
        for i in xrange(num_files):
            fpath= shell.DragQueryFile(sm.data_handle,i)
            files.append(fpath)
        return files

    def prep_menu_icon(self, icon): #Couldn't get this to work with pngs, only ico
        # First load the icon.
        ico_x = win32api.GetSystemMetrics(win32con.SM_CXSMICON)
        ico_y = win32api.GetSystemMetrics(win32con.SM_CYSMICON)
        hicon = win32gui.LoadImage(0, icon, win32con.IMAGE_ICON, ico_x, ico_y, win32con.LR_LOADFROMFILE)

        hdcBitmap = win32gui.CreateCompatibleDC(0)
        hdcScreen = win32gui.GetDC(0)
        hbm = win32gui.CreateCompatibleBitmap(hdcScreen, ico_x, ico_y)
        hbmOld = win32gui.SelectObject(hdcBitmap, hbm)
        # Fill the background.
        brush = win32gui.GetSysColorBrush(win32con.COLOR_MENU)
        win32gui.FillRect(hdcBitmap, (0, 0, 16, 16), brush)
        # unclear if brush needs to be feed.  Best clue I can find is:
        # "GetSysColorBrush returns a cached brush instead of allocating a new
        # one." - implies no DeleteObject
        # draw the icon
        win32gui.DrawIconEx(hdcBitmap, 0, 0, hicon, ico_x, ico_y, 0, 0, win32con.DI_NORMAL)
        win32gui.SelectObject(hdcBitmap, hbmOld)
        win32gui.DeleteDC(hdcBitmap)

        return hbm

    def InvokeCommand(self, ci):
        mask, hwnd, verb, params, dir, nShow, hotkey, hicon = ci
        win32gui.MessageBox(hwnd, str(self.getFilesSelected()), "Wow", win32con.MB_OK)

    def GetCommandString(self, cmd, typ):
        # If GetCommandString returns the same string for all items then
        # the shell seems to ignore all but one.  This is even true in
        # Win7 etc where there is no status bar (and hence this string seems
        # ignored)
        return "Hello from Python (cmd=%d)!!" % (cmd,)

def DllRegisterServer():
    import _winreg
    folder_key = _winreg.CreateKey(_winreg.HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT,
    "Folder\\shellex")
    folder_subkey = _winreg.CreateKey(folder_key, "ContextMenuHandlers")
    folder_subkey2 = _winreg.CreateKey(folder_subkey, "PythonSample")
    _winreg.SetValueEx(folder_subkey2, None, 0, _winreg.REG_SZ,
    ShellExtension._reg_clsid_)

    file_key = _winreg.CreateKey(_winreg.HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT,
    "*\\shellex")
    file_subkey = _winreg.CreateKey(file_key, "ContextMenuHandlers")
    file_subkey2 = _winreg.CreateKey(file_subkey, "PythonSample")
    _winreg.SetValueEx(file_subkey2, None, 0, _winreg.REG_SZ,
    ShellExtension._reg_clsid_)

    print ShellExtension._reg_desc_, "registration complete."

def DllUnregisterServer():
    import _winreg
    try:
        folder_key = _winreg.DeleteKey(_winreg.HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT,

        "Folder\\shellex\\ContextMenuHandlers\\PythonSample")
        file_key = _winreg.DeleteKey(_winreg.HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT,

        "*\\shellex\\ContextMenuHandlers\\PythonSample")
    except WindowsError, details:
        import errno
        if details.errno != errno.ENOENT:
            raise
    print ShellExtension._reg_desc_, "unregistration complete."

if __name__=='__main__':
    from win32com.server import register
    register.UseCommandLine(ShellExtension,
                   finalize_register = DllRegisterServer,
                   finalize_unregister = DllUnregisterServer)