azure - SQLAzureでEF移行を使用するときに主キーを変更する

Question

エンティティの主キーを変更しました。SQl Azureで移行を実行しようとすると、「このバージョンのSQLServerではクラスター化インデックスのないテーブルはサポートされていません。クラスター化インデックスを作成して再試行してください」というメッセージが表示されません。

 public override void Up()
 {
    DropPrimaryKey("User", new[] { "Id" });
    AddPrimaryKey("User", "Username");
 }

どうすればこれを解決できますか？私が考えることができる唯一のことは、独自のChangePrimaryKeyメソッドを作成することです。このメソッドは、正しい主キーを使用して一時テーブルをサイレントに作成し、データをコピーしてから、元のテーブルを置き換えます。

score 1 · Accepted Answer

Avkash によって提案された回避策に基づいています。https://stackoverflow.com/a/317864/53970からいくつかのアイデアを得て、テーブルの主キーを変更するストアドプロシージャを思いつきました。おそらくいくつかのテーブル構造に問題があり (これまでのところ問題なく動作します)、トリガーを処理しません。ただし、構造、データ、制約 (プライマリ、外部、チェック)、およびインデックスはコピーされます。他の誰かが私と同じレンガの壁にぶつかった場合に備えて、ここに投稿します。

create procedure dbo.ChangePK
    @src sysname,
    @pklist nvarchar(4000), --comma list of primary key fields
    @skipfinalrename bit = 1 --set to not perform anything destructive on src table or related tables (for testing)
as

set nocount on

declare @tmpPrefix nvarchar(10)
set @tmpPrefix = 'tmp_'

declare @dest sysname
set @dest = 'tmpCopy'

declare @sql nvarchar(max)
set @sql = ''
--create table script
select @sql = @sql + ' IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM sysobjects WHERE id = OBJECT_ID(N''' + @dest + ''')  AND OBJECTPROPERTY(id, N''IsTable'') = 1) drop table [' + @dest + ']; create table [' + @dest + '] (' + o.list + ')' + CASE WHEN tc.Constraint_Name IS NULL THEN '' ELSE 'ALTER TABLE ' + @dest + ' ADD CONSTRAINT ' + @tmpPrefix + tc.Constraint_Name + ' PRIMARY KEY ' + ' (' + @pklist + ')' END + ';'
from    sysobjects so
cross apply
    (SELECT 
        '  ['+column_name+'] ' + 
        data_type + case data_type
                when 'sql_variant' then ''
                when 'text' then ''
                when 'decimal' then '(' + cast(numeric_precision_radix as varchar) + ', ' + cast(numeric_scale as varchar) + ')'
                else coalesce('('+case when character_maximum_length = -1 then 'MAX' else cast(character_maximum_length as varchar) end +')','') end + ' ' +
        case when exists ( 
        select id from syscolumns
        where object_name(id)=so.name
        and name=column_name
        and columnproperty(id,name,'IsIdentity') = 1 
        ) then
        'IDENTITY(' + 
        cast(ident_seed(so.name) as varchar) + ',' + 
        cast(ident_incr(so.name) as varchar) + ')'
        else ''
        end + ' ' +
         (case when IS_NULLABLE = 'No' then 'NOT ' else '' end ) + 'NULL ' + 
          case when information_schema.columns.COLUMN_DEFAULT IS NOT NULL THEN 'DEFAULT '+ information_schema.columns.COLUMN_DEFAULT ELSE '' END + ', ' 

     from information_schema.columns where table_name = so.name
     order by ordinal_position
    FOR XML PATH('')) o (list)
cross apply
    (SELECT 
        ',  ['+column_name+'] ' 

     from information_schema.columns where table_name = so.name
     order by ordinal_position
    FOR XML PATH('')) c (columnlist)
left join
    information_schema.table_constraints tc
on  tc.Table_name               = so.Name
AND tc.Constraint_Type  = 'PRIMARY KEY'
cross apply
    (select '[' + Column_Name + '], '
     FROM       information_schema.key_column_usage kcu
     WHERE      kcu.Constraint_Name     = tc.Constraint_Name
     ORDER BY
        ORDINAL_POSITION
     FOR XML PATH('')) j (list)
where   xtype = 'U'
AND name        NOT IN ('dtproperties')
and name = @src

print 'create'
print @sql
exec sp_executesql @sql

--now the  inserts
set @sql = ''
select @sql = @sql + ' set identity_insert [' + @dest + '] on; insert into [' + @dest + '] (' + STUFF(c.columnlist,1,2,'') + ') select ' + STUFF(c.columnlist,1,2,'') + ' from [' + @src + '] ; set identity_insert [' + @dest + '] off;'
from    sysobjects so
cross apply
    (SELECT 
        ',  ['+column_name+'] ' 

     from information_schema.columns where table_name = so.name
     order by ordinal_position
    FOR XML PATH('')) c (columnlist)
left join
    information_schema.table_constraints tc
on  tc.Table_name               = so.Name
AND tc.Constraint_Type  = 'PRIMARY KEY'
cross apply
    (select '[' + Column_Name + '], '
     FROM       information_schema.key_column_usage kcu
     WHERE      kcu.Constraint_Name     = tc.Constraint_Name
     ORDER BY
        ORDINAL_POSITION
     FOR XML PATH('')) j (list)
where   xtype = 'U'
AND name        NOT IN ('dtproperties')
and name = @src

print 'data'
print @sql
exec sp_executesql @sql

--now the foreign keys
set @sql = ''
select @sql =  @sql + case when tc.Constraint_Name is null then '--no foreign keys' else 'ALTER TABLE ' + @dest + ' WITH CHECK ADD CONSTRAINT ' + @tmpPrefix + tc.Constraint_Name + ' FOREIGN KEY ' + ' (' + STUFF(fk1.list,1,2,'') + ') REFERENCES [' + rctc.table_name + '] (' + STUFF(fk2.list,1,2,'') + ');' end
from    sysobjects so
left join
    information_schema.table_constraints tc on  tc.Table_name = so.Name 
                                AND tc.Constraint_Type  = 'FOREIGN KEY'
left join INFORMATION_SCHEMA.REFERENTIAL_CONSTRAINTS rcc on tc.constraint_name = rcc.constraint_name
left join INFORMATION_SCHEMA.table_constraints rctc on rcc.unique_constraint_name = rctc.constraint_name
cross apply
    (select ', [' + Column_Name + ']'
     FROM       INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE kcu
     WHERE      kcu.Constraint_Name     = tc.Constraint_Name
     ORDER BY
        ORDINAL_POSITION
     FOR XML PATH('')) fk1 (list)
cross apply
    (select ', [' + kcu.Column_Name + ']'
     FROM      INFORMATION_SCHEMA.REFERENTIAL_CONSTRAINTS rc
     JOIN      INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE kcu on rc.unique_constraint_name = kcu.constraint_name
     WHERE      rc.Constraint_Name     = tc.Constraint_Name
     ORDER BY
        ORDINAL_POSITION
     FOR XML PATH('')) fk2 (list)

where   xtype = 'U'
and name = @src

print 'foreign keys'
print @sql
exec sp_executesql @sql

--now the unique keys
set @sql = ''
select @sql = @sql + case when tc.Constraint_Name is null then '--no unique keys' else 'ALTER TABLE ' + @dest + ' WITH CHECK ADD CONSTRAINT ' + @tmpPrefix + tc.Constraint_Name + ' UNIQUE NONCLUSTERED ' + ' (' + STUFF(fk1.list,1,2,'') + ');' end
from    sysobjects so
left join
    information_schema.table_constraints tc on  tc.Table_name = so.Name 
                                AND tc.Constraint_Type  = 'UNIQUE'
cross apply
    (select ', [' + Column_Name + ']'
     FROM       INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE kcu
     WHERE      kcu.Constraint_Name     = tc.Constraint_Name
     ORDER BY
        ORDINAL_POSITION
     FOR XML PATH('')) fk1 (list)

where   xtype = 'U'
and name = @src

print 'unique keys'
print @sql
exec sp_executesql @sql


--now check constraints
set @sql = ''
select @sql = @sql + case when tc.Constraint_Name is null then '--no check constraints' else 'ALTER TABLE ' + @dest + ' WITH CHECK ADD CONSTRAINT ' + @tmpPrefix + tc.Constraint_Name + ' CHECK ' + ' (' + cc.check_clause + ');' end
from    sysobjects so
left join
    information_schema.table_constraints tc on  tc.Table_name = so.Name 
                                AND tc.Constraint_Type  = 'CHECK'
left join INFORMATION_SCHEMA.CHECK_CONSTRAINTS cc on      cc.Constraint_Name     = tc.Constraint_Name

where   xtype = 'U'
and name = @src

print 'check constraints'
print @sql
exec sp_executesql @sql

if (@skipfinalrename = 1)
    return

set xact_abort on

--now we start affecting the src table
begin tran
--drop fk constraints on src referencing current primary key
set @sql = ''
select @sql = @sql + case when tc.Constraint_Name is null then '--no fk constraints to drop' else 'ALTER TABLE ' + rctc.table_name + ' DROP CONSTRAINT ' + rc.Constraint_Name + ';' end
from    sysobjects so
left join information_schema.table_constraints tc on  tc.Table_name = so.Name  
                    AND tc.constraint_type  = 'PRIMARY KEY'
left join INFORMATION_SCHEMA.REFERENTIAL_CONSTRAINTS rc on tc.constraint_name = rc.unique_constraint_name
left join information_schema.table_constraints rctc on  rc.constraint_name = rctc.constraint_name  
where   xtype = 'U'
and name = @src  

--create fk constraints on dest referencing new primary key
declare @sql2 nvarchar(max)
set @sql2 = ''
select @sql2 = @sql2 + case when tc.Constraint_Name is null then '--no fk constraints to drop' else 'ALTER TABLE [' + rctc.table_name + '] WITH CHECK ADD CONSTRAINT ' + @tmpPrefix + rc.Constraint_Name + ' FOREIGN KEY ' + ' (' + STUFF(fk1.list,1,2,'') + ') REFERENCES [' + @dest + '] (' + STUFF(fk2.list,1,2,'') + ');' end
from    sysobjects so
left join information_schema.table_constraints tc on  tc.Table_name = so.Name  
                    AND tc.constraint_type  = 'PRIMARY KEY'
left join INFORMATION_SCHEMA.REFERENTIAL_CONSTRAINTS rc on tc.constraint_name = rc.unique_constraint_name 
left join information_schema.table_constraints rctc on  rc.constraint_name = rctc.constraint_name  
cross apply
    (select ', [' + Column_Name + ']'
     FROM       INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE kcu
     WHERE      kcu.Constraint_Name     = rc.Constraint_Name
     ORDER BY
        ORDINAL_POSITION
     FOR XML PATH('')) fk1 (list)
cross apply
    (select ', [' + kcu.Column_Name + ']'
     FROM      INFORMATION_SCHEMA.REFERENTIAL_CONSTRAINTS rc1
     JOIN      INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE kcu on rc1.unique_constraint_name = kcu.constraint_name
     WHERE      rc1.Constraint_Name     = rc.Constraint_Name
     ORDER BY
        ORDINAL_POSITION
     FOR XML PATH('')) fk2 (list)
where   xtype = 'U'
and name = @src  


----

print 'create new ref fk'
print @sql2
exec sp_executesql @sql2

print 'drop original ref fk'
print @sql
exec sp_executesql @sql

--now we can create the index sql
set @sql2 = ''
select @sql2 = @sql2 + ' IF  NOT EXISTS (SELECT * FROM sys.indexes WHERE object_id = OBJECT_ID(N''' + @src + ''') AND name = N''' + i.name + ''') 
CREATE ' + i.type_desc COLLATE Latin1_General_CS_AS + ' INDEX ' + i.name + ' ON [' + @src + '] (
    ' +  STUFF(ix.list,1,2,'') + '
) WITH (PAD_INDEX  = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE  = OFF, SORT_IN_TEMPDB = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF, DROP_EXISTING = OFF, ONLINE = OFF, ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS  = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS  = ON) ON [PRIMARY];
'
from sys.tables as t 
inner join sys.indexes as i on t.[object_id] = i.[object_id] 
cross apply
    (select ', [' + ac.name + ']'
     FROM       sys.index_columns ic
     inner join sys.all_columns as ac on ic.[object_id] = ac.[object_id] and ic.[column_id] = ac.[column_id] 
     WHERE      ic.[object_id] = i.[object_id] and ic.[index_id] = I.[index_id]
     ORDER BY
        key_ordinal
     FOR XML PATH('')) ix (list)
where 
t.name = @src

--now drop the original table
set @sql = 'drop table [' + @src + '];'
print 'drop original original'
print @sql
exec sp_executesql @sql

--now rename the constraints (remove leading tmp_ in effect)
set @sql=''
select @sql = @sql + ' exec sp_rename ''' + tc.constraint_name + ''', ''' + substring(tc.constraint_name, 5, len(tc.constraint_name)-4) + ''';'
from    sysobjects so
left join
    information_schema.table_constraints tc on  tc.Table_name = so.Name 
where   xtype = 'U'
and name = @dest  

print 'rename constraints to original names'
print @sql
exec sp_executesql @sql

--now rename the table back to the original
exec sp_rename @dest, @src

print 'finally apply the indexes'
print @sql2
exec sp_executesql @sql2

print 'finished' 

commit tran

score 1 · Accepted Answer

クラスター化インデックスのないテーブルは、SQL Azure ではサポートされていません。つまり、クラスター化されたインデックスがないと新しいテーブルを作成できず、既存のテーブルで既存のクラスター化インデックスを削除することはできません。Windows Azure では、すべてのテーブルにクラスター化インデックスが必要です。

Cihan Biyikoglu (MSFT) によると、回避策の 1 つは、好きなインデックス構造を持つ新しいテーブルを作成し、データを移動して、1 つのトランザクションでテーブルの名前を変更することです。

ストアドプロシージャを使用すると、次のように実行できます。

begin
 tran
 exec
 sp_rename 'db1','db1_old'
 exec
 sp_rename 'db1_new','db1'
 commit
tran

azure - SQLAzureでEF移行を使用するときに主キーを変更する

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