10

SpringMVC3.1.1を使用して作成したRestfulAPIサーバーのユニット/統合テストのセットを構築しようとしています。

Spring-test-mvcを使用しようとしています。

私はSpringに比較的慣れていないため、spring-test-mvcを使用します。

コードの構造化の感触をつかむために、コードの関連セクションを含めます。

PurchaseController：

@Controller
public class PurchaseController
{    
    @Autowired
    private IPurchaseService purchaseService;

    @RequestMapping(value = "purchases", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    @ResponseBody
    public final List<Purchase> getAll()
    {
        return purchaseService.getAll();
    }
}

PurchaseService：

@Service
public class PurchaseService implements IPurchaseService
{
    @Autowired
    private IPurchaseDAO purchaseDAO;

    public PurchaseService()
    {

    }

    @Transactional
    public List<Purchase> getAll()
    {
        return purchaseDAO.findAll();
    }
}

PurchaseDAO：

@Repository
public class PurchaseDAO extends AbstractJpaDAO<Purchase> implements
        IPurchaseDAO
{

    @PersistenceContext
    EntityManager entityManager;

    public PurchaseDAO()
    {
        setClazz(Purchase.class);
    }
}

AbstractJpaDAO：

public abstract class AbstractJpaDAO<T extends Serializable> implements
        IAbstractJpaDAO<T> {

    private Class<T> clazz;

    @PersistenceContext
    EntityManager entityManager;

    public void setClazz(final Class<T> clazzToSet) {
        this.clazz = clazzToSet;
    }

    public List<T> findAll() {
        return entityManager.createQuery("from " + clazz.getName())
                .getResultList();
    }
}

これが私のコントローラーテストです：

public class PurchaseControllerTest extends AbstractControllerTest
{
    @Autowired
    private IPurchaseService purchaseService;

    @Autowired
    private PurchaseController purchaseController;

    private MockMvc mockMvc;

    @Before
    public void setup()
    {
        // Test Purchase
        Purchase purchase = new Purchase();
        purchase.setPan(5412311111111121l);
        purchase.setCvc((short) 122);
        purchase.setExpiry("1215");
        purchase.setMerchantName("TestMerchant");
        purchase.setMerchantType("Airline");
        purchase.setTransactionAmount(new BigDecimal("300.99"));
        
        mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(purchaseController).build();
        purchaseService.addPurchase(purchase);
    }

    @Test
    public void testGetAll() throws Exception
    {
        this.mockMvc
                .perform(get("/purchase").accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON))
                .andExpect(status().isOk())
                .andExpect(content().type(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON));
    }
}

AbstractControllerTest：

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(classes = {ControllerTestConfig.class}, loader=AnnotationConfigContextLoader.class)
@ActiveProfiles("test")
public class AbstractControllerTest
{
   
}

ControllerTestConfig：

@Configuration
@Profile("test")
public class ControllerTestConfig {
    
    @Bean
public PurchaseService purchaseService()
{
    return new PurchaseService();
}

@Bean
public PurchaseDAO purchaseDAO()
{
    return new PurchaseDAO();
}

@Bean
public EntityManagerFactory entityManager()
{
    return new LocalEntityManagerFactoryBean().getObject();
}
}



EclipseのJUnitを介してテストを実行すると、次のエラーが発生します。

2012-07-08 16:16:00,017 TRACE [main] o.s.c.s.GenericApplicationContext [AbstractApplicationContext.java:322] Publishing event in org.springframework.context.support.GenericApplicationContext@42b307f0: org.springframework.context.event.ContextRefreshedEvent[source=org.springframework.context.support.GenericApplicationContext@42b307f0: startup date [Sun Jul 08 16:15:59 IST 2012]; root of context hierarchy]
2012-07-08 16:16:00,018 DEBUG [main] o.s.t.c.TestContext [TestContext.java:150] Storing ApplicationContext for test class [class com.app.controller.PurchaseControllerTest] in cache under key [[MergedContextConfiguration@2f8a49e0 testClass = PurchaseControllerTest, locations = '{}', classes = '{class com.app.spring.testing.ControllerTestConfig}', activeProfiles = '{test}', contextLoader = 'org.springframework.test.context.support.AnnotationConfigContextLoader']].
2012-07-08 16:16:00,019 TRACE [main] o.s.b.CachedIntrospectionResults [CachedIntrospectionResults.java:222] Getting BeanInfo for class [com.app.controller.PurchaseControllerTest]
2012-07-08 16:16:00,022 TRACE [main] o.s.b.CachedIntrospectionResults [CachedIntrospectionResults.java:238] Caching PropertyDescriptors for class [com.app.controller.PurchaseControllerTest]
2012-07-08 16:16:00,022 TRACE [main] o.s.b.CachedIntrospectionResults [CachedIntrospectionResults.java:250] Found bean property 'class' of type [java.lang.Class]
2012-07-08 16:16:00,023 TRACE [main] o.s.b.CachedIntrospectionResults [CachedIntrospectionResults.java:250] Found bean property 'mockMvc' of type [org.springframework.test.web.server.MockMvc]
2012-07-08 16:16:00,026 DEBUG [main] o.s.b.f.a.InjectionMetadata [InjectionMetadata.java:60] Found injected element on class [com.app.controller.PurchaseControllerTest]: AutowiredFieldElement for private com.app.service.IPurchaseService com.app.controller.PurchaseControllerTest.purchaseService
2012-07-08 16:16:00,026 DEBUG [main] o.s.b.f.a.InjectionMetadata [InjectionMetadata.java:60] Found injected element on class [com.app.controller.PurchaseControllerTest]: AutowiredFieldElement for private com.app.controller.PurchaseController com.app.controller.PurchaseControllerTest.purchaseController
2012-07-08 16:16:00,027 DEBUG [main] o.s.b.f.a.InjectionMetadata [InjectionMetadata.java:85] Processing injected method of bean 'com.app.controller.PurchaseControllerTest': AutowiredFieldElement for private com.app.service.IPurchaseService com.app.controller.PurchaseControllerTest.purchaseService
2012-07-08 16:16:00,034 ERROR [main] o.s.t.c.TestContextManager [TestContextManager.java:324] Caught exception while allowing TestExecutionListener [org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener@403ef810] to prepare test instance [com.app.controller.PurchaseControllerTest@656546ef]
org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'com.app.controller.PurchaseControllerTest': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private com.app.service.IPurchaseService com.app.controller.PurchaseControllerTest.purchaseService; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No matching bean of type [com.app.service.IPurchaseService] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:287) ~[spring-beans-3.1.1.RELEASE.jar:3.1.1.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1106) ~[spring-beans-3.1.1.RELEASE.jar:3.1.1.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.autowireBeanProperties(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:374) ~[spring-beans-3.1.1.RELEASE.jar:3.1.1.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.injectDependencies(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:110) ~[spring-test-3.1.1.RELEASE.jar:3.1.1.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.prepareTestInstance(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:75) ~[spring-test-3.1.1.RELEASE.jar:3.1.1.RELEASE]

PurchaseServiceが作成および挿入されない理由について何かアイデアはありますか？


アップデート

そこで、Purchase Service BeanをControllerTestConfigに追加しました...これで、purchaseDAOに関するエラーが発生します。

これをControllerTestConfigに追加するにはどうすればよいですか？Purchase Bean内にネストする必要がありますか？

2012-07-08 18:30:23,029 ERROR [main] o.s.t.c.TestContextManager [TestContextManager.java:324] Caught exception while allowing TestExecutionListener [org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener@56da6bf4] to prepare test instance [com.app.controller.PurchaseControllerTest@df4cbee]
java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to load ApplicationContext
    at org.springframework.test.context.TestContext.getApplicationContext(TestContext.java:157) ~[spring-test-3.1.1.RELEASE.jar:3.1.1.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.injectDependencies(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:109) ~[spring-test-3.1.1.RELEASE.jar:3.1.1.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.prepareTestInstance(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:75) ~[spring-test-3.1.1.RELEASE.jar:3.1.1.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.prepareTestInstance(TestContextManager.java:321) ~[spring-test-3.1.1.RELEASE.jar:3.1.1.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.createTest(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:211) [spring-test-3.1.1.RELEASE.jar:3.1.1.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner$1.runReflectiveCall(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:288) [spring-test-3.1.1.RELEASE.jar:3.1.1.RELEASE]
    at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:15) [junit-4.8.1.jar:na]
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.methodBlock(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:290) [spring-test-3.1.1.RELEASE.jar:3.1.1.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:231) [spring-test-3.1.1.RELEASE.jar:3.1.1.RELEASE]
    at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:50) [junit-4.8.1.jar:na]
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:193) [junit-4.8.1.jar:na]
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:52) [junit-4.8.1.jar:na]
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:191) [junit-4.8.1.jar:na]
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:42) [junit-4.8.1.jar:na]
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:184) [junit-4.8.1.jar:na]
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:61) [spring-test-3.1.1.RELEASE.jar:3.1.1.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:71) [spring-test-3.1.1.RELEASE.jar:3.1.1.RELEASE]
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:236) [junit-4.8.1.jar:na]
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:174) [spring-test-3.1.1.RELEASE.jar:3.1.1.RELEASE]
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:50) [.cp/:na]
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38) [.cp/:na]
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:467) [.cp/:na]
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:683) [.cp/:na]
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:390) [.cp/:na]
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:197) [.cp/:na]
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'purchaseService': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private com.app.persistence.dao.IPurchaseDAO com.app.service.impl.PurchaseService.purchaseDAO; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'purchaseDAO': Injection of persistence dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No unique bean of type [javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory] is defined: expected single bean but found 0
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:287) ~[spring-beans-3.1.1.RELEASE.jar:3.1.1.RELEASE]

ControllerTestConfigにPurchaseDAOBeanを追加しました。

アップデート2

そのため、ControllerTestConfigにEntityManagerFactory Beanを追加した後、nullポインター例外が発生します。

java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to load ApplicationContext
    at org.springframework.test.context.TestContext.getApplicationContext(TestContext.java:157) ~[spring-test-3.1.1.RELEASE.jar:3.1.1.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.injectDependencies(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:109) ~[spring-test-3.1.1.RELEASE.jar:3.1.1.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.prepareTestInstance(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:75) ~[spring-test-3.1.1.RELEASE.jar:3.1.1.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.prepareTestInstance(TestContextManager.java:321) ~[spring-test-3.1.1.RELEASE.jar:3.1.1.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.createTest(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:211) [spring-test-3.1.1.RELEASE.jar:3.1.1.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner$1.runReflectiveCall(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:288) [spring-test-3.1.1.RELEASE.jar:3.1.1.RELEASE]
    at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:15) [junit-4.8.1.jar:na]
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.methodBlock(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:290) [spring-test-3.1.1.RELEASE.jar:3.1.1.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:231) [spring-test-3.1.1.RELEASE.jar:3.1.1.RELEASE]
    at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:50) [junit-4.8.1.jar:na]
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:193) [junit-4.8.1.jar:na]
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:52) [junit-4.8.1.jar:na]
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:191) [junit-4.8.1.jar:na]
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:42) [junit-4.8.1.jar:na]
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:184) [junit-4.8.1.jar:na]
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:61) [spring-test-3.1.1.RELEASE.jar:3.1.1.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:71) [spring-test-3.1.1.RELEASE.jar:3.1.1.RELEASE]
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:236) [junit-4.8.1.jar:na]
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:174) [spring-test-3.1.1.RELEASE.jar:3.1.1.RELEASE]
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:50) [.cp/:na]
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38) [.cp/:na]
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:467) [.cp/:na]
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:683) [.cp/:na]
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:390) [.cp/:na]
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:197) [.cp/:na]
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'purchaseService': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private com.app.persistence.dao.IPurchaseDAO com.app.service.impl.PurchaseService.purchaseDAO; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'purchaseDAO': Injection of persistence dependencies failed; nested exception is java.lang.NullPointerException
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:287) ~[spring-beans-3.1.1.RELEASE.jar:3.1.1.RELEASE]

何か案は？ありがとう

4

4 に答える 4

3

spring-test-mvc は Junit の ContextConfiguration からコンテキスト構成を選択しないため、これは機能しません。代わりに、これを行うことができます (サービス Bean が ControllerTestConfig 構成を介してどこかにロードされていると仮定します)。

MockMvcBuilders.annotationConfigSetup(ControllerTestConfig.class).build().perform(get("/purchase").accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON))
                .andExpect(status().isOk())
                .andExpect(content().type(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON));
于 2012-07-08T15:56:51.537 に答える
1

プロファイルにいくつか@Beanのを含める必要があります。test @Configuration

以前は何もありませんでしたが、更新後、追加されていることがわかりPurchaseServiceました。プロファイルに追加する必要がある がありPurchaseServiceます。@Autowired PurchaseDaotest

これをに追加してみてくださいControllerTestConfig：

@Bean
public IPurchaseDao purchaseDao() {
    return new PurchaseDao();
}

クラスに追加する必要がある可能性のある をPurchaseDao使用しています。（私はこの部分に詳しくないので、はっきりとは言えませんが…）EntityManagerControllerTestConfig

于 2012-07-08T18:00:07.763 に答える
1

@ContextConfiguration (TestContext フレームワーク) を使用して Spring 構成をロードしていることを考えると、Spring 構成からコントローラー、サービス、およびリポジトリーをロードすることを含む統合テストを実行する必要があると思います。ただし、MockMvcBuilders の standaloneSetup メソッドを使用しています。これは、主にコントローラーを対象とする、より焦点を絞った単体テストを目的としています (通常、サービスとリポジトリはモック アウトされます)。

MockMvcBuilders の webApplicationContextSetup メソッドの使用を検討してください。ここに例があります。

于 2012-07-13T18:10:57.227 に答える
0

これが役立つかどうかはわかりませんが、コンテキストを継承する@ContextConfigurationには、テストクラスで自動配線する必要があります。その後、の親コンテキストとして設定できますControllerTestConfig.class。

私の構成では、からロードする永続化構成と、からロード@ContextConfigurationするMVC構成を分離しましたannotationConfigSetup。

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(loader=AnnotationConfigContextLoader.class, classes={PersistenceJPAConfig.class})
public class PurchaseControllerTest {

    @Autowired
    private ApplicationContext ac;

    private PurchaseService service;

    private MockMvc mvc;

    @Before
    public void before() {
        mvc = annotationConfigSetup(ControllerTestConfig.class).
              setParentContext(ac).build();

        service = ac.getBean(PurchaseService.class);
    }
}

は外部構成があることを認識してannotationConfigSetupいないため、親コンテキストを設定して直接通知する必要があります。

テストクラス内にサービスを注入することはできませんが、コンテキストからサービスを回復し、コントローラーに注入することもできます。まあ、あなたは注入することができますが、それはあなたのコントローラーに注入されるのと同じサービスではありません。親として渡すコンテキストから取得すると、それらが同じであることを保証します。私は自分のサービスをあざけるので、これは重要です。

于 2012-08-25T00:43:07.730 に答える