GCC 4.7 MacPorts ビルドでコンパイルされたプログラムの読み取り可能なデバッグ出力を取得できないようです。
GDB 6.3 と GDB 7.3 の両方で試しましたが、それぞれに問題があります。
GDB 7.3 (MacPorts) で試す
GDB 7.3 では、起動時に次の出力が得られます。
$ ggdb ./test
GNU gdb (GDB) 7.3
Copyright (C) 2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>
This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.
There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law. Type "show copying"
and "show warranty" for details.
This GDB was configured as "x86_64-apple-darwin11.4.0".
For bug reporting instructions, please see:
<http://www.gnu.org/software/gdb/bugs/>...
BFD: unable to read unknown load command 0x24
BFD: unable to read unknown load command 0x26
BFD: unable to read unknown load command 0x24
BFD: unable to read unknown load command 0x26
Reading symbols from /Users/StackedCrooked/programming/projects/stacked-crooked/Playground/LockOrderChecker/test...Reading symbols from /Users/StackedCrooked/programming/projects/stacked-crooked/Playground/LockOrderChecker/test.dSYM/Contents/Resources/DWARF/test...done.
done.
アサーションを実行してトリガーすると、読み取り不能なスタック トレースが発生します。
(gdb) r
Starting program: /Users/StackedCrooked/programming/projects/stacked-crooked/Playground/LockOrderChecker/test
BFD: unable to read unknown load command 0x24
BFD: unable to read unknown load command 0x26
main
Assertion failed: (false), function lock, file main.cpp, line 168.
Program received signal SIGABRT, Aborted.
0x00007fff8ede282a in ?? ()
(gdb) bt
#0 0x00007fff8ede282a in ?? ()
#1 0x00007fff9a273a9c in ?? ()
#2 0x00007fff6af00690 in ?? ()
#3 0x0000003000000030 in ?? ()
#4 0x00007fffffffffdf in ?? ()
#5 0x000000010b305840 in ?? ()
#6 0x00007fff6af006d0 in ?? ()
#7 0x00007fff9a2a65de in ?? ()
#8 0x0000000000000000 in ?? ()
GDB 6.3 (ビルトイン) で試す
この回答によると、 GDB 6.3 を使用する必要があります。しかし、それは別の問題につながります。起動中に一連のエラーが発生します。
GNU gdb 6.3.50-20050815 (Apple version gdb-1708) (Thu Nov 3 21:59:02 UTC 2011)
Copyright 2004 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
GDB is free software, covered by the GNU General Public License, and you are
welcome to change it and/or distribute copies of it under certain conditions.
Type "show copying" to see the conditions.
There is absolutely no warranty for GDB. Type "show warranty" for details.
This GDB was configured as "x86_64-apple-darwin"...Reading symbols for shared libraries .
warning: Could not find object file "/Volumes/work/macports/var/macports/build/_Volumes_work_mports_dports_lang_gcc47/gcc47/work/build/x86_64-apple-darwin11/libstdc++-v3/src/.libs/compatibility.o" - no debug information available for "../../../../gcc-4.7.1/libstdc++-v3/src/c++98/compatibility.cc".
warning: Could not find object file "/Volumes/work/macports/var/macports/build/_Volumes_work_mports_dports_lang_gcc47/gcc47/work/build/x86_64-apple-darwin11/libstdc++-v3/src/.libs/compatibility-debug_list.o" - no debug information available for "../../../../gcc-4.7.1/libstdc++-v3/src/c++98/compatibility-debug_list.cc".
warning: Could not find object file "/Volumes/work/macports/var/macports/build/_Volumes_work_mports_dports_lang_gcc47/gcc47/work/build/x86_64-apple-darwin11/libstdc++-v3/src/.libs/compatibility-debug_list-2.o" - no debug information available for "../../../../gcc-4.7.1/libstdc++-v3/src/c++98/compatibility-debug_list-2.cc".
これは、アサーションがトリガーされ、バックトレースを取得しようとした場合に表示されるものです。
Assertion failed: (false), function lock, file main.cpp, line 168.
Program received signal SIGABRT, Aborted.
0x00007fff8ede282a in __kill ()
(gdb) bt
#0 0x00007fff8ede282a in __kill ()
#1 0x00007fff9a273a9c in abort ()
#2 0x00007fff9a2a65de in __assert_rtn ()
Die: DW_TAG_unspecified_type (abbrev = 19, offset = 423)
has children: FALSE
attributes:
DW_AT_name (DW_FORM_strp) string: "decltype(nullptr)"
Die: DW_TAG_unspecified_type (abbrev = 19, offset = 423)
has children: FALSE
attributes:
DW_AT_name (DW_FORM_strp) string: "decltype(nullptr)"
Dwarf Error: Cannot find type of die [in module /Users/StackedCrooked/programming/projects/stacked-crooked/Playground/LockOrderChecker/test.dSYM/Contents/Resources/DWARF/test]
この回答（GCC 4.5マニュアルを引用）によると、-gdwarf-2 -gstrict-dwarfオプションを使用する必要があります。
私はこのアドバイスに従いました。私のビルドコマンドは次のようになります：
g++ -o run-test -std=c++0x -Wall -Wextra -Werror -gdwarf-2 -gstrict-dwarf -g2 -O0 -I/opt/local/include main.cpp
ただし、前述の問題は解決されません。
記録のために：私はOS X Lionを使用しています。
これを修正する方法を知っている人はいますか？