c# - user32.dllのSendInputを介してキーを送信します

Question

このボードをデモ用のキーボードとして使用しています。

とにかく長い話を短くするために、ごくわずかな場合を除いてすべてがうまくいきます。user32.dllにあるSendInput関数を使用してキーストロークを送信します。

したがって、私のプログラムは次のようになります。

static void Main(string[] args)
{
    Console.Write("Press enter an on the next secont the key combination shift+end will be send");
    Console.Read();

    Thread.Sleep(1000);

    SendKeyDown(KeyCode.SHIFT);
    SendKeyPress(KeyCode.END);
    SendKeyUp(KeyCode.SHIFT);

    Console.Read(); 
    Console.Read();
}

[DllImport("user32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
private static extern uint SendInput(uint numberOfInputs, INPUT[] inputs, int sizeOfInputStructure);

/// <summary>
/// simulate key press
/// </summary>
/// <param name="keyCode"></param>
public static void SendKeyPress(KeyCode keyCode)
{
    INPUT input = new INPUT {
        Type = 1
    };
    input.Data.Keyboard = new KEYBDINPUT() {
        Vk = (ushort)keyCode,
        Scan = 0,
        Flags = 0,
        Time = 0,
        ExtraInfo = IntPtr.Zero,
    };

    INPUT input2 = new INPUT {
        Type = 1
    };
    input2.Data.Keyboard = new KEYBDINPUT() {
        Vk = (ushort)keyCode,
        Scan = 0,
        Flags = 2,
        Time = 0,
        ExtraInfo = IntPtr.Zero
    };
    INPUT[] inputs = new INPUT[] { input, input2 };
    if (SendInput(2, inputs, Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(INPUT))) == 0)
        throw new Exception();            
}

/// <summary>
/// Send a key down and hold it down until sendkeyup method is called
/// </summary>
/// <param name="keyCode"></param>
public static void SendKeyDown(KeyCode keyCode)
{
    INPUT input = new INPUT{
        Type = 1
    };
    input.Data.Keyboard = new KEYBDINPUT();
    input.Data.Keyboard.Vk = (ushort)keyCode;
    input.Data.Keyboard.Scan = 0;
    input.Data.Keyboard.Flags = 0;
    input.Data.Keyboard.Time = 0;
    input.Data.Keyboard.ExtraInfo = IntPtr.Zero;
    INPUT[] inputs = new INPUT[] { input };
    if (SendInput(1, inputs, Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(INPUT))) == 0)
    {
        throw new Exception();
    }
}

/// <summary>
/// Release a key that is being hold down
/// </summary>
/// <param name="keyCode"></param>
public static void SendKeyUp(KeyCode keyCode)
{
    INPUT input = new INPUT {
        Type = 1
    };
    input.Data.Keyboard = new KEYBDINPUT();
    input.Data.Keyboard.Vk = (ushort)keyCode;
    input.Data.Keyboard.Scan = 0;
    input.Data.Keyboard.Flags = 2;
    input.Data.Keyboard.Time = 0;
    input.Data.Keyboard.ExtraInfo = IntPtr.Zero;
    INPUT[] inputs = new INPUT[] { input };
    if (SendInput(1, inputs, Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(INPUT))) == 0)
        throw new Exception();

}

そして、これらのメソッドが使用するオンラインで見つけた構造体とキーコードは次のとおりです:(多くのコードのように見え、列挙型に多くのキーコードがあるためです）

    /// <summary>
    /// http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms646270(v=vs.85).aspx
    /// </summary>
    [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
    internal struct INPUT
    {
        public uint Type;
        public MOUSEKEYBDHARDWAREINPUT Data;
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// http://social.msdn.microsoft.com/Forums/en/csharplanguage/thread/f0e82d6e-4999-4d22-b3d3-32b25f61fb2a
    /// </summary>
    [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Explicit)]
    internal struct MOUSEKEYBDHARDWAREINPUT
    {
        [FieldOffset(0)]
        public HARDWAREINPUT Hardware;
        [FieldOffset(0)]
        public KEYBDINPUT Keyboard;
        [FieldOffset(0)]
        public MOUSEINPUT Mouse;
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms646310(v=vs.85).aspx
    /// </summary>
    [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
    internal struct HARDWAREINPUT
    {
        public uint Msg;
        public ushort ParamL;
        public ushort ParamH;
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms646310(v=vs.85).aspx
    /// </summary>
    [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
    internal struct KEYBDINPUT
    {
        public ushort Vk;
        public ushort Scan;
        public uint Flags;
        public uint Time;
        public IntPtr ExtraInfo;
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// http://social.msdn.microsoft.com/forums/en-US/netfxbcl/thread/2abc6be8-c593-4686-93d2-89785232dacd
    /// </summary>
    [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
    internal struct MOUSEINPUT
    {
        public int X;
        public int Y;
        public uint MouseData;
        public uint Flags;
        public uint Time;
        public IntPtr ExtraInfo;
    }

    public enum KeyCode : ushort
    {
        #region Media

        /// <summary>
        /// Next track if a song is playing
        /// </summary>
        MEDIA_NEXT_TRACK = 0xb0,

        /// <summary>
        /// Play pause
        /// </summary>
        MEDIA_PLAY_PAUSE = 0xb3,

        /// <summary>
        /// Previous track
        /// </summary>
        MEDIA_PREV_TRACK = 0xb1,

        /// <summary>
        /// Stop
        /// </summary>
        MEDIA_STOP = 0xb2,

        #endregion

        #region math

        /// <summary>Key "+"</summary>
        ADD = 0x6b,
        /// <summary>
        /// "*" key
        /// </summary>
        MULTIPLY = 0x6a,

        /// <summary>
        /// "/" key
        /// </summary>
        DIVIDE = 0x6f,

        /// <summary>
        /// Subtract key "-"
        /// </summary>
        SUBTRACT = 0x6d,

        #endregion

        #region Browser
        /// <summary>
        /// Go Back
        /// </summary>
        BROWSER_BACK = 0xa6,
        /// <summary>
        /// Favorites
        /// </summary>
        BROWSER_FAVORITES = 0xab,
        /// <summary>
        /// Forward
        /// </summary>
        BROWSER_FORWARD = 0xa7,
        /// <summary>
        /// Home
        /// </summary>
        BROWSER_HOME = 0xac,
        /// <summary>
        /// Refresh
        /// </summary>
        BROWSER_REFRESH = 0xa8,
        /// <summary>
        /// browser search
        /// </summary>
        BROWSER_SEARCH = 170,
        /// <summary>
        /// Stop
        /// </summary>
        BROWSER_STOP = 0xa9,
        #endregion

        #region Numpad numbers
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        NUMPAD0 = 0x60,
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        NUMPAD1 = 0x61,
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        NUMPAD2 = 0x62,
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        NUMPAD3 = 0x63,
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        NUMPAD4 = 100,
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        NUMPAD5 = 0x65,
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        NUMPAD6 = 0x66,
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        NUMPAD7 = 0x67,
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        NUMPAD8 = 0x68,
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        NUMPAD9 = 0x69,

        #endregion

        #region Fkeys
        /// <summary>
        /// F1
        /// </summary>
        F1 = 0x70,
        /// <summary>
        /// F10
        /// </summary>
        F10 = 0x79,
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        F11 = 0x7a,
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        F12 = 0x7b,
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        F13 = 0x7c,
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        F14 = 0x7d,
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        F15 = 0x7e,
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        F16 = 0x7f,
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        F17 = 0x80,
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        F18 = 0x81,
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        F19 = 130,
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        F2 = 0x71,
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        F20 = 0x83,
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        F21 = 0x84,
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        F22 = 0x85,
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        F23 = 0x86,
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        F24 = 0x87,
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        F3 = 0x72,
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        F4 = 0x73,
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        F5 = 0x74,
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        F6 = 0x75,
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        F7 = 0x76,
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        F8 = 0x77,
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        F9 = 120,

        #endregion

        #region Other
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        OEM_1 = 0xba,
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        OEM_102 = 0xe2,
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        OEM_2 = 0xbf,
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        OEM_3 = 0xc0,
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        OEM_4 = 0xdb,
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        OEM_5 = 220,
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        OEM_6 = 0xdd,
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        OEM_7 = 0xde,
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        OEM_8 = 0xdf,
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        OEM_CLEAR = 0xfe,
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        OEM_COMMA = 0xbc,
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        OEM_MINUS = 0xbd,
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        OEM_PERIOD = 190,
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        OEM_PLUS = 0xbb,

        #endregion

        #region KEYS

        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        KEY_0 = 0x30,
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        KEY_1 = 0x31,
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        KEY_2 = 50,
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        KEY_3 = 0x33,
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        KEY_4 = 0x34,
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        KEY_5 = 0x35,
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        KEY_6 = 0x36,
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        KEY_7 = 0x37,
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        KEY_8 = 0x38,
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        KEY_9 = 0x39,
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        KEY_A = 0x41,
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        KEY_B = 0x42,
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        KEY_C = 0x43,
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        KEY_D = 0x44,
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        KEY_E = 0x45,
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        KEY_F = 70,
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        KEY_G = 0x47,
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        KEY_H = 0x48,
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        KEY_I = 0x49,
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        KEY_J = 0x4a,
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        KEY_K = 0x4b,
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        KEY_L = 0x4c,
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        KEY_M = 0x4d,
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        KEY_N = 0x4e,
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        KEY_O = 0x4f,
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        KEY_P = 80,
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        KEY_Q = 0x51,
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        KEY_R = 0x52,
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        KEY_S = 0x53,
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        KEY_T = 0x54,
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        KEY_U = 0x55,
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        KEY_V = 0x56,
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        KEY_W = 0x57,
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        KEY_X = 0x58,
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        KEY_Y = 0x59,
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        KEY_Z = 90,

        #endregion

        #region volume
        /// <summary>
        /// Decrese volume
        /// </summary>
        VOLUME_DOWN = 0xae,

        /// <summary>
        /// Mute volume
        /// </summary>
        VOLUME_MUTE = 0xad,

        /// <summary>
        /// Increase volue
        /// </summary>
        VOLUME_UP = 0xaf,

        #endregion


        /// <summary>
        /// Take snapshot of the screen and place it on the clipboard
        /// </summary>
        SNAPSHOT = 0x2c,

        /// <summary>Send right click from keyboard "key that is 2 keys to the right of space bar"</summary>
        RightClick = 0x5d,

        /// <summary>
        /// Go Back or delete
        /// </summary>
        BACKSPACE = 8,

        /// <summary>
        /// Control + Break "When debuging if you step into an infinite loop this will stop debug"
        /// </summary>
        CANCEL = 3,
        /// <summary>
        /// Caps lock key to send cappital letters
        /// </summary>
        CAPS_LOCK = 20,
        /// <summary>
        /// Ctlr key
        /// </summary>
        CONTROL = 0x11,

        /// <summary>
        /// Alt key
        /// </summary>
        ALT = 18,

        /// <summary>
        /// "." key
        /// </summary>
        DECIMAL = 110,

        /// <summary>
        /// Delete Key
        /// </summary>
        DELETE = 0x2e,


        /// <summary>
        /// Arrow down key
        /// </summary>
        DOWN = 40,

        /// <summary>
        /// End key
        /// </summary>
        END = 0x23,

        /// <summary>
        /// Escape key
        /// </summary>
        ESC = 0x1b,

        /// <summary>
        /// Home key
        /// </summary>
        HOME = 0x24,

        /// <summary>
        /// Insert key
        /// </summary>
        INSERT = 0x2d,

        /// <summary>
        /// Open my computer
        /// </summary>
        LAUNCH_APP1 = 0xb6,
        /// <summary>
        /// Open calculator
        /// </summary>
        LAUNCH_APP2 = 0xb7,

        /// <summary>
        /// Open default email in my case outlook
        /// </summary>
        LAUNCH_MAIL = 180,

        /// <summary>
        /// Opend default media player (itunes, winmediaplayer, etc)
        /// </summary>
        LAUNCH_MEDIA_SELECT = 0xb5,

        /// <summary>
        /// Left control
        /// </summary>
        LCONTROL = 0xa2,

        /// <summary>
        /// Left arrow
        /// </summary>
        LEFT = 0x25,

        /// <summary>
        /// Left shift
        /// </summary>
        LSHIFT = 160,

        /// <summary>
        /// left windows key
        /// </summary>
        LWIN = 0x5b,


        /// <summary>
        /// Next "page down"
        /// </summary>
        PAGEDOWN = 0x22,

        /// <summary>
        /// Num lock to enable typing numbers
        /// </summary>
        NUMLOCK = 0x90,

        /// <summary>
        /// Page up key
        /// </summary>
        PAGE_UP = 0x21,

        /// <summary>
        /// Right control
        /// </summary>
        RCONTROL = 0xa3,

        /// <summary>
        /// Return key
        /// </summary>
        ENTER = 13,

        /// <summary>
        /// Right arrow key
        /// </summary>
        RIGHT = 0x27,

        /// <summary>
        /// Right shift
        /// </summary>
        RSHIFT = 0xa1,

        /// <summary>
        /// Right windows key
        /// </summary>
        RWIN = 0x5c,

        /// <summary>
        /// Shift key
        /// </summary>
        SHIFT = 0x10,

        /// <summary>
        /// Space back key
        /// </summary>
        SPACE_BAR = 0x20,

        /// <summary>
        /// Tab key
        /// </summary>
        TAB = 9,

        /// <summary>
        /// Up arrow key
        /// </summary>
        UP = 0x26,

    }

では、なぜ私の質問は、そのキーの組み合わせを送信すると、実際のキーボードで送信した場合と同じ結果が得られないのですか？物事の98％が機能します。たとえば、私は次のことができます。

    SendKeyDown(KeyCode.SHIFT);
    SendKeyPress(KeyCode.KEY_A );
    SendKeyUp(KeyCode.SHIFT);

そして、それは大文字のAを送信します。

別のライブラリを使用する必要がありますか？

このアプローチが好きな理由は、ユーザーがキーの組み合わせを送信するかどうかを事前に知らないためです。たとえば、Windowsフォームで送信する場合：

System.Windows.Forms.SendKeys.SendWait("+{end}");それはシフト+終了を送信しますが、おそらくユーザーはシフトを送信したいだけです...

score 24 · Accepted Answer

必要なキーストロークに応じて、フラグとスキャンフィールドを設定していません。OSにキーを正しく認識させるには、これらを正しく設定する必要があります。

入力シミュレータライブラリの使用を検討することをお勧めします。これは、すでに必要な処理を実行しており、ホイールを再作成する必要がないためです。作成者が2009年にプロジェクトを放棄したため、設定する必要のある優れたパッチがいくつかあるので、フォーラムを確認してください。それでも、これは優れたライブラリです。

score 3 · Accepted Answer

キーボード入力をウィンドウに送信する別の方法（私はこれをUIテストに使用します）は、KEYBDINPUTでUnicodeの代替手段を使用することです。これにより、各文字を仮想キーにマッピングする必要がなくなります。

public static void SendString(string inputStr)
{
    var hWnd = System.Diagnostics.Process.GetCurrentProcess().MainWindowHandle;
    WinAPI.SetForegroundWindow(hWnd);           
    List<WinAPI.INPUT> keyList = new List<WinAPI.INPUT>();
    foreach (short c in inputStr)
    {
        switch (c)
        {
            case 8: // Translate \t to VK_TAB
                {
                    WinAPI.INPUT keyDown = new WinAPI.INPUT();
                    keyDown.type = 1; //Keyboard
                    keyDown.union.keyboardInput.wVk = (short)WinAPI.WindowsVirtualKey.VK_TAB;
                    keyDown.union.keyboardInput.dwFlags = 0;
                    keyDown.union.keyboardInput.wScan = 0; //use VirtualKey
                    keyList.Add(keyDown);
                    WinAPI.INPUT keyUp = new WinAPI.INPUT();
                    keyUp.type = 1; //Keyboard
                    keyUp.union.keyboardInput.wVk = (short)WinAPI.WindowsVirtualKey.VK_TAB;
                    keyUp.union.keyboardInput.dwFlags = 0x0002;
                    keyUp.union.keyboardInput.wScan = 0; //use VirtualKey
                    keyList.Add(keyUp);
                }
                break;
            case 10: // Translate \n to VK_RETURN
                {
                    WinAPI.INPUT keyDown = new WinAPI.INPUT();
                    keyDown.type = 1; //Keyboard
                    keyDown.union.keyboardInput.wVk = (short)WinAPI.WindowsVirtualKey.VK_RETURN;
                    keyDown.union.keyboardInput.dwFlags = 0;
                    keyDown.union.keyboardInput.wScan = 0; //use VirtualKey
                    keyList.Add(keyDown);
                    WinAPI.INPUT keyUp = new WinAPI.INPUT();
                    keyUp.type = 1; //Keyboard
                    keyUp.union.keyboardInput.wVk = (short)WinAPI.WindowsVirtualKey.VK_RETURN;
                    keyUp.union.keyboardInput.dwFlags = 0x0002; 
                    keyUp.union.keyboardInput.wScan = 0; //use VirtualKey
                    keyList.Add(keyUp);
                }
                break;                  
            default:
                {
                    WinAPI.INPUT keyDown = new WinAPI.INPUT();
                    keyDown.type = 1; //Keyboard
                    keyDown.union.keyboardInput.wVk = 0; //Use unicode
                    keyDown.union.keyboardInput.dwFlags = 0x0004; //Unicode Key Down
                    keyDown.union.keyboardInput.wScan = c;
                    keyList.Add(keyDown);
                    WinAPI.INPUT keyUp = new WinAPI.INPUT();
                    keyUp.type = 1; //Keyboard
                    keyUp.union.keyboardInput.wVk = 0; //Use unicode
                    keyUp.union.keyboardInput.dwFlags = 0x0004 | 0x0002; //Unicode Key Up
                    keyUp.union.keyboardInput.wScan = c;
                    keyList.Add(keyUp);
                }
                break;
        }
    }
    WinAPI.SendInput((uint)keyList.Count, keyList.ToArray(), Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(WinAPI.INPUT)));             
}

score 3 · Accepted Answer

あなたはこれを試すことができます。それは：Shift+ A、Ctrl+ LShiftv+ S、Ctrl+のために働きますA

私が試しなかった他の人は、あなたがどんなキーの組み合わせも送ることができると思います

public static void MultiKeyPress(KeyCode[] keys){
    INPUT[] inputs = new INPUT[keys.Count() * 2];
    for(int a = 0; a < keys.Count(); ++a){
        for(int b = 0; b < 2; ++b){
            inputs[(b == 0) ? a : inputs.Count() - 1 - a].Type = 1;
            inputs[(b == 0) ? a : inputs.Count() - 1 - a].Data.Keyboard = new KEYBDINPUT() {
                Vk = (ushort)keys[a],
                Scan = 0,
                Flags = Convert.ToUInt32((b == 0)?0:2),
                Time = 0,
                ExtraInfo = IntPtr.Zero,
            };
        }
    }
    if (SendInput(Convert.ToUInt32(inputs.Count()), inputs, Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(INPUT))) == 0)
        throw new Exception();
}

//call with this :
MultiKeyPress(new virtualInputs.KeyCode[] { KeyCode.LSHIFT, KeyCode.KEY_A });

/！\フォーカスのあるウィンドウはキーが押されるので、正しいウィンドウにフォーカスがあることを確認する必要があります

c# - user32.dllのSendInputを介してキーを送信します

3 に答える 3

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