私のコンピュータ ネットワーク クラスでは、ICMP プロトコルで生のソケットを使用して Traceroute を実装しようとしています。パケットを作成し、Python 構造体クラスを使用して応答パケットをアンパックする必要があります。パケットを構築するためのコードは次のとおりです。
header = struct.pack("bbHHh", ICMP_ECHO_REQUEST, 0, myChecksum, pid, 1)
data = struct.pack("d", time.time())
packet = header + data
後で、同じ形式の ICMP パケットを確認とともに受け取ります。パケットを解凍するためのコードは次のとおりです。
request_code, request_type, checksum, packet_id, \
sequence, timeSent, data = struct.unpack("bbHHhd", recvPacket)
しかし、次のエラーが表示されます: struct.error: unpack requires a string argument of length 16
.
struct.calcsize()
フォーマット文字列をチェックすると16が返されるのでわかりません。
あなたのマシンで実行したい場合は、ここに私の完全なプログラムがあります
from socket import *
import socket
import os
import sys
import struct
import time
import select
import binascii
ICMP_ECHO_REQUEST = 8
MAX_HOPS = 30
TIMEOUT = 2.0
TRIES = 2
# The packet that we shall send to each router along the path is the ICMP echo
# request packet, which is exactly what we had used in the ICMP ping exercise.
# We shall use the same packet that we built in the Ping exercise
def checksum(str):
csum = 0
countTo = (len(str) / 2) * 2
count = 0
while count < countTo:
thisVal = ord(str[count+1]) * 256 + ord(str[count])
csum = csum + thisVal
csum = csum & 0xffffffffL
count = count + 2
if countTo < len(str):
csum = csum + ord(str[len(str) - 1])
csum = csum & 0xffffffffL
csum = (csum >> 16) + (csum & 0xffff)
csum = csum + (csum >> 16)
answer = ~csum
answer = answer & 0xffff
answer = answer >> 8 | (answer << 8 & 0xff00)
return answer
def build_packet():
# In the sendOnePing() method of the ICMP Ping exercise ,firstly the header of our
# packet to be sent was made, secondly the checksum was appended to the header and
# then finally the complete packet was sent to the destination.
# Make the header in a similar way to the ping exercise.
# Header is type (8), code (8), checksum (16), id (16), sequence (16)
myChecksum = 0
pid = os.getpid() & 0xFFFF
# Make a dummy header with a 0 checksum.
# struct -- Interpret strings as packed binary data
header = struct.pack("bbHHh", ICMP_ECHO_REQUEST, 0, myChecksum, pid, 1)
#header = struct.pack("!HHHHH", ICMP_ECHO_REQUEST, 0, myChecksum, pid, 1)
data = struct.pack("d", time.time())
# Calculate the checksum on the data and the dummy header.
# Append checksum to the header.
myChecksum = checksum(header + data)
if sys.platform == 'darwin':
myChecksum = socket.htons(myChecksum) & 0xffff
#Convert 16-bit integers from host to network byte order.
else:
myChecksum = htons(myChecksum)
packet = header + data
return packet
def get_route(hostname):
timeLeft = TIMEOUT
for ttl in xrange(1,MAX_HOPS):
for tries in xrange(TRIES):
destAddr = socket.gethostbyname(hostname)
#Fill in start
# Make a raw socket named mySocket
mySocket = socket.socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, getprotobyname("icmp"))
mySocket.bind(("", 12000));
#Fill in end
mySocket.setsockopt(socket.IPPROTO_IP, socket.IP_TTL, struct.pack('I', ttl))
mySocket.settimeout(TIMEOUT)
try:
d = build_packet()
mySocket.sendto(d, (hostname, 0))
t = time.time()
startedSelect = time.time()
whatReady = select.select([mySocket], [], [], timeLeft)
howLongInSelect = (time.time() - startedSelect)
if whatReady[0] == []: # Timeout
print "* * * Request timed out."
recvPacket, addr = mySocket.recvfrom(1024)
print addr
timeReceived = time.time()
timeLeft = timeLeft - howLongInSelect
if timeLeft <= 0:
print "* * * Request timed out."
except socket.timeout:
continue
else:
#Fill in start
# Fetch the icmp type from the IP packet
print struct.calcsize("bbHHhd")
request_code, request_type, checksum, packet_id, \
sequence, timeSent, data = struct.unpack("bbHHhd", recvPacket)
#Fill in end
if request_type == 11:
bytes = struct.calcsize("d")
timeSent = struct.unpack("d", recvPacket[28:28 + bytes])[0]
print " %d rtt=%.0f ms %s" % (ttl,(timeReceived -t)*1000, addr[0])
elif request_type == 3:
bytes = struct.calcsize("d")
timeSent = struct.unpack("d", recvPacket[28:28 + bytes])[0]
print " %d rtt=%.0f ms %s" % (ttl,(timeReceived -t)*1000, addr[0])
elif request_type == 0:
bytes = struct.calcsize("d")
timeSent = struct.unpack("d", recvPacket[28:28 + bytes])[0]
print " %d rtt=%.0f ms %s" % (ttl,(timeReceived -timeSent)*1000, addr[0])
return
else:
print "error"
break
finally:
mySocket.close()
get_route("www.google.com")