私は通常、戦略を実装するために特性を使用します (付随するフィールドを必要としないアクション)。最近、同じ機能がオブジェクトに関して定義されている可能性があることを発見しました。Function トレイトを直接拡張するか、apply() 以外の特別なメソッドを定義するいくつかのトレイトを拡張します。
コード例:
/* strategy realization via traits */
package object Traitness {
trait Strategy {
def performAction() : Unit = ()
}
abstract class Usage {_ : Strategy =>
def doWork() =
this.performAction()
}
// defining strategies
trait SayA extends Strategy {
override def performAction() = {
println("A")
super.performAction()
}
}
trait SayB extends Strategy {
override def performAction() = {
println("B")
super.performAction()
}
}
trait SayC extends Strategy {
override def performAction() = {
println("C")
super.performAction()
}
}
//using strategies
class SimpleStrategy extends Usage with SayA
def reverseOrder() = new Usage with SayC with SayA
object fullUsage extends Usage with SayA with SayB with SayC
//run-time checking
val check1 : Boolean = (new SimpleStrategy).isInstanceOf[SayB]
val check2 : Boolean = reverseOrder().isInstanceOf[SayB]
val check3 : Boolean = fullUsage.isInstanceOf[SayB]
//compile-time checking
def proclaim(x : SayB) = println("SayB")
}
/* strategy realization via function objects */
package object Valueness {
trait Strategy extends Function0[Unit]
class Usage(val strategies : List[Strategy]) {
def doWork() = for (s <- strategies)
s()
}
//defining strategies
object SayA extends Strategy {
override def apply() = {
println("A")
}
}
object SayB extends Strategy {
override def apply() = {
println("B")
}
}
object SayC extends Strategy {
override def apply() = {
println("C")
}
}
//using strategies
class SimpleStrategy extends Usage(SayA :: Nil)
def reverseOrder() = new Usage(SayB :: SayA :: Nil)
val fullUsage = new Usage(SayA :: SayB :: SayC :: Nil)
//run-time checking
def check(strategy : Strategy, usage : Usage) = usage.strategies contains strategy
val check1 : Boolean = check(SayB, new SimpleStrategy)
val check2 : Boolean = check(SayB, reverseOrder())
val check3 : Boolean = check(SayB, fullUsage)
//no compile-time checking available
}
どちらを選ぶべきですか?