構造体からバイナリ ファイルを書き込もうとしています。残念ながら、私の文字列はすべて 20 文字の長さであるため、余分なスペースが書き出されています。私はポインターを使用しますが、教科書にはポインターを使用しないように明記されています (つまり、覚えておいてください: バイナリ ファイルに書き込むときは、固定サイズのデータ メンバーのみを使用してください。データ メンバーとしてポインターを含むポインターまたはクラスは使用しないでください)。
さらに悪いことに、印刷しようとしている数字 (つまり 8 と 40) は、'A' と 'B' として表示されます。
出力は次のようになります
Employee.dat (書き込み先のバイナリ ファイル)
Pauline Nordin A B
しかし、私はそれがこのように見えることを望みます。
Pauline Nordin 8.00 40.00
これが私のコードです:
protocol.cpp からの抜粋
//Open file
std::ifstream BinaryOpen("employee.txt", std::ios::in /*| std::ios::out*/ | std::ios::binary);
//Check if file is open
if(BinaryOpen.is_open())
{
//Priming read
BinaryOpen >> favoriteEmployees[numberOfEmployees].firstName;
BinaryOpen >> favoriteEmployees[numberOfEmployees].lastName;
BinaryOpen >> favoriteEmployees[numberOfEmployees].hourlyWage;
BinaryOpen >> favoriteEmployees[numberOfEmployees].hoursWorked;
numberOfEmployees++;
//Read file
while(!BinaryOpen.eof())
{
BinaryOpen >> favoriteEmployees[numberOfEmployees].firstName;
BinaryOpen >> favoriteEmployees[numberOfEmployees].lastName;
BinaryOpen >> favoriteEmployees[numberOfEmployees].hourlyWage;
BinaryOpen >> favoriteEmployees[numberOfEmployees].hoursWorked;
numberOfEmployees++;
//Close file
BinaryOpen.close();
}
//Write to binary file
std::ofstream BinaryWrite("employee.dat", std::ios::out | std::ios::binary);
//Check if file opened
if(BinaryWrite.is_open())
{
BinaryWrite.write(reinterpret_cast <char *>(favoriteEmployees),
sizeof(Employee) * numberOfEmployees);
//Close file
BinaryWrite.close();
}
else
std::cout << "\nWrite file did not open! " << std::endl;
}
else
std::cout << "\nFile did not open! " << std::endl;
}
以下は、私のプログラムのすべてのファイルです。
employee.txt (つまり、私が読んでいるファイル)
Pauline Nordin 8.00 40.00
main.cpp
#include <iostream>
#include "protocol.h"
#include "employee.h"
int main()
{
int menuChoice = 0;
int numberOfEmployees = 0;
//Create array of employees
Employee favoriteEmployees[NUMBER_OF_EMPLOYEES];
//To prevent garbage being printed out
for(int i = 0; i < BUFFER_LENGTH; i++)
{
favoriteEmployees[0].firstName[i] = 0;
favoriteEmployees[0].lastName[i] = 0;
favoriteEmployees[0].hourlyWage = 0;
favoriteEmployees[0].hoursWorked = 0;
}
PrintMenu();
GetMenuChoice(menuChoice);
ExecuteMenuChoice(menuChoice, favoriteEmployees, numberOfEmployees);
return 0;
}
プロトコル.h
#ifndef PROTOCOL_H
#define PROTOCOL_H
#include "employee.h"
const int NUMBER_OF_EMPLOYEES = 10;
//Function declarations
void PrintMenu();
void GetMenuChoice(int &menuChoice);
void ExecuteMenuChoice(int menuChoice, Employee favoriteEmployees[], int &numberOfEmployees);
#endif
プロトコル.cpp
#include <fstream>
#include <iostream>
#include "employee.h"
#include "protocol.h"
//Function definitions
void PrintMenu()
{
std::cout << "\n\nChapter 17 -- Learn By Doings " << std::endl;
std::cout << "\n1. Learn By Doing 17.2 " << std::endl;
std::cout << "2. Learn By Doing 17.3 " << std::endl;
std::cout << "3. Learn By Doing 17.4 " << std::endl;
std::cout << "4. Exit " << std::endl;
std::cout << ' ' << std::endl;
}
void GetMenuChoice(int &menuChoice)
{
std::cin >> menuChoice;
}
void ExecuteMenuChoice(int menuChoice, Employee favoriteEmployees[], int &numberOfEmployees)
{
switch(menuChoice)
{
case 1:
{
//Open file in append mode
std::ifstream BinaryOpen("name.txt", std::ios::app | std::ios::binary);
//Open file in write mode
/*std::ofstream BinaryOpen("name.txt", std::ios::out | std::ios::binary);*/
//Check if file is open
if(BinaryOpen.is_open())
{
//Perform appropriate file operatings
std::cout << "\nFile opened! " << std::endl;
//Close file
BinaryOpen.close();
}
//Else
else
std::cout << "\nFile did not open! " << std::endl;
}
break;
case 2:
{
//Open file
std::ifstream BinaryOpen("employee.txt", std::ios::in /*| std::ios::out*/ | std::ios::binary);
//Check if file is open
if(BinaryOpen.is_open())
{
//Priming read
BinaryOpen >> favoriteEmployees[numberOfEmployees].firstName;
BinaryOpen >> favoriteEmployees[numberOfEmployees].lastName;
BinaryOpen >> favoriteEmployees[numberOfEmployees].hourlyWage;
BinaryOpen >> favoriteEmployees[numberOfEmployees].hoursWorked;
numberOfEmployees++;
//Read file
while(!BinaryOpen.eof())
{
BinaryOpen >> favoriteEmployees[numberOfEmployees].firstName;
BinaryOpen >> favoriteEmployees[numberOfEmployees].lastName;
BinaryOpen >> favoriteEmployees[numberOfEmployees].hourlyWage;
BinaryOpen >> favoriteEmployees[numberOfEmployees].hoursWorked;
numberOfEmployees++;
//Close file
BinaryOpen.close();
}
//Write to binary file
std::ofstream BinaryWrite("employee.dat", std::ios::out | std::ios::binary);
//Check if file opened
if(BinaryWrite.is_open())
{
BinaryWrite.write(reinterpret_cast <char *>(favoriteEmployees),
sizeof(Employee) * numberOfEmployees);
//Close file
BinaryWrite.close();
}
else
std::cout << "\nWrite file did not open! " << std::endl;
}
else
std::cout << "\nFile did not open! " << std::endl;
}
break;
case 3:
break;
case 4:
break;
default:
std::cout << "\nInvalid input. Please enter an integer from 1 to 4. " << std::endl;
}
}
**employee.h**
#ifndef EMPLOYEE_H
#define EMPLOYEE_H
const int BUFFER_LENGTH = 20;
struct Employee
{
char firstName[BUFFER_LENGTH];
char lastName[BUFFER_LENGTH];
float hourlyWage;
float hoursWorked;
};
#endif