私SAMPLEのテーブルには次の5つの列があります。
sample_id (PK) (NUMBER)
sampled_on (DATE)
received_on (DATE)
completed_on (DATE)
authorized_on (DATE)
1時間に1行（特定の日付範囲に制約される）で5列のクエリが必要です。
YYYY-MM-DD HH24質問または少なくとも正しい方向のポイントを提供してください。
賞金で再開：Rob van Wijkの回答（サンプルへのシングルアクセス）を日付範囲（または）で効率的にクエリできるビューに組み込んだ最初の人の
評判が+300。start_date/end_datestart_date/num_days
これは、最も美しいまたは最適なソリューションではないかもしれませんが、機能しているようです。説明：最初にすべての日付をYYYY-MM-DD HH24形式に変換し、次に日付+ HH24によってサンプリング/受信/完了/承認された番号を収集し、最後に結合します。
with sample_hour as
(select sample_id,
to_char(sampled_on, 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24') sampled_on,
to_char(received_on, 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24') received_on,
to_char(completed_on, 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24') completed_on,
to_char(authorized_on, 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24') authorized_on
from sample),
s as
(select sampled_on thedate, count(*) num_sampled
from sample_hour
group by sampled_on),
r as
(select received_on thedate, count(*) num_received
from sample_hour
group by received_on),
c as
(select completed_on thedate, count(*) num_completed
from sample_hour
group by completed_on),
a as
(select authorized_on thedate, count(*) num_authorized
from sample_hour
group by authorized_on)
select s.thedate, num_sampled, num_received, num_completed, num_authorized
from s
left join r on s.thedate = r.thedate
left join c on s.thedate = c.thedate
left join a on s.thedate = a.thedate
;
これは、テーブル「サンプル」が次のようなものを作成したことを前提としています。
create table sample
(sample_id number not null primary key,
sampled_on date,
received_on date,
completed_on date,
authorized_on date);
これが例です。最初にテーブルを作成し、ランダムなデータを挿入します。
SQL> create table sample
2 ( sample_id number primary key
3 , sampled_on date
4 , received_on date
5 , completed_on date
6 , authorized_on date
7 )
8 /
Tabel is aangemaakt.
SQL> insert into sample
2 select level
3 , trunc(sysdate) + dbms_random.value(0,2)
4 , trunc(sysdate) + dbms_random.value(0,2)
5 , trunc(sysdate) + dbms_random.value(0,2)
6 , trunc(sysdate) + dbms_random.value(0,2)
7 from dual
8 connect by level <= 1000
9 /
1000 rijen zijn aangemaakt.
次に、指定した日付範囲の変数を導入して入力します。
SQL> var DATE_RANGE_START varchar2(10)
SQL> var DATE_RANGE_END varchar2(10)
SQL> exec :DATE_RANGE_START := '2009-10-23'
PL/SQL-procedure is geslaagd.
SQL> exec :DATE_RANGE_END := '2009-10-24'
PL/SQL-procedure is geslaagd.
まず、指定した日付範囲のすべての時間を生成する必要があります。これにより、日付が存在しない時間がある場合でも、ゼロが4つあるレコードが保持されます。実装はall_hoursクエリにあります。クエリの残りの部分（サンプルテーブルへのテーブルアクセスは1つだけです！）は、このように非常に単純になります。
SQL> with all_hours as
2 ( select to_date(:DATE_RANGE_START,'yyyy-mm-dd') + numtodsinterval(level-1,'hour') hour
3 from dual
4 connect by level <=
5 ( to_date(:DATE_RANGE_END,'yyyy-mm-dd')
6 - to_date(:DATE_RANGE_START,'yyyy-mm-dd')
7 + 1
8 ) * 24
9 )
10 select h.hour
11 , count(case when h.hour = trunc(s.sampled_on,'hh24') then 1 end) sampled#
12 , count(case when h.hour = trunc(s.received_on,'hh24') then 1 end) received#
13 , count(case when h.hour = trunc(s.completed_on,'hh24') then 1 end) completed#
14 , count(case when h.hour = trunc(s.authorized_on,'hh24') then 1 end) authorized#
15 from all_hours h
16 cross join sample s
17 group by h.hour
18 /
HOUR SAMPLED# RECEIVED# COMPLETED# AUTHORIZED#
------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- -----------
23-10-2009 00:00:00 18 25 20 20
23-10-2009 01:00:00 26 24 16 13
23-10-2009 02:00:00 16 26 17 15
23-10-2009 03:00:00 19 18 27 13
23-10-2009 04:00:00 28 20 18 23
23-10-2009 05:00:00 17 13 19 21
23-10-2009 06:00:00 18 23 16 15
23-10-2009 07:00:00 19 24 14 22
23-10-2009 08:00:00 21 19 23 22
23-10-2009 09:00:00 25 20 23 24
23-10-2009 10:00:00 16 21 25 18
23-10-2009 11:00:00 21 29 21 18
23-10-2009 12:00:00 33 28 24 20
23-10-2009 13:00:00 24 19 15 15
23-10-2009 14:00:00 20 27 16 25
23-10-2009 15:00:00 15 25 27 13
23-10-2009 16:00:00 19 14 27 18
23-10-2009 17:00:00 22 22 15 27
23-10-2009 18:00:00 20 19 29 23
23-10-2009 19:00:00 20 18 17 23
23-10-2009 20:00:00 11 18 20 27
23-10-2009 21:00:00 13 25 24 19
23-10-2009 22:00:00 22 13 22 29
23-10-2009 23:00:00 20 20 19 24
24-10-2009 00:00:00 18 17 18 29
24-10-2009 01:00:00 23 30 26 21
24-10-2009 02:00:00 28 19 28 25
24-10-2009 03:00:00 21 21 11 23
24-10-2009 04:00:00 23 20 21 17
24-10-2009 05:00:00 24 16 23 23
24-10-2009 06:00:00 23 26 22 30
24-10-2009 07:00:00 25 26 18 12
24-10-2009 08:00:00 24 20 23 17
24-10-2009 09:00:00 18 26 15 19
24-10-2009 10:00:00 20 19 25 18
24-10-2009 11:00:00 19 27 17 20
24-10-2009 12:00:00 23 16 18 20
24-10-2009 13:00:00 15 15 22 19
24-10-2009 14:00:00 23 23 16 29
24-10-2009 15:00:00 18 31 32 28
24-10-2009 16:00:00 22 15 18 13
24-10-2009 17:00:00 25 17 20 26
24-10-2009 18:00:00 19 20 21 16
24-10-2009 19:00:00 22 13 28 29
24-10-2009 20:00:00 23 17 23 14
24-10-2009 21:00:00 18 18 21 22
24-10-2009 22:00:00 22 20 18 21
24-10-2009 23:00:00 21 18 22 22
48 rijen zijn geselecteerd.
お役に立てれば。
よろしく、ロブ。
試す：
CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW my_view AS
WITH date_bookends AS (
SELECT LEAST(MIN(t.sampled_on), MIN(t.received_on), MIN(t.completed_on), MIN(t.authorized_on)) 'min_date'
GREATEST(MAX(t.sampled_on), MAX(t.received_on), MAX(t.completed_on), MAX(t.authorized_on)) 'max_date'
FROM SAMPLE t),
all_hours AS (
SELECT t.min_date + numtodsinterval(LEVEL - 1,'hour') date_by_hour
FROM date_bookends t
CONNECT BY LEVEL <= ( t.max_date - t.min_date + 1) * 24)
SELECT h.date_by_hour,
COUNT(CASE WHEN h.hour = TRUNC(s.sampled_on,'hh24') THEN 1 END) sampled#
COUNT(CASE WHEN h.hour = TRUNC(s.received_on,'hh24') THEN 1 END) received#
COUNT(CASE WHEN h.hour = TRUNC(s.completed_on,'hh24') THEN 1 END) completed#
COUNT(CASE WHEN h.hour = TRUNC(s.authorized_on,'hh24') THEN 1 END) authorized#
FROM all_hours h
CROSS JOIN sample s
GROUP BY h.hour
サブクエリファクタリングを使用しない場合：
CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW my_view AS
SELECT h.date_by_hour,
COUNT(CASE WHEN h.hour = TRUNC(s.sampled_on,'hh24') THEN 1 END) sampled#
COUNT(CASE WHEN h.hour = TRUNC(s.received_on,'hh24') THEN 1 END) received#
COUNT(CASE WHEN h.hour = TRUNC(s.completed_on,'hh24') THEN 1 END) completed#
COUNT(CASE WHEN h.hour = TRUNC(s.authorized_on,'hh24') THEN 1 END) authorized#
FROM (SELECT t.min_date + numtodsinterval(LEVEL - 1,'hour') date_by_hour
FROM (SELECT LEAST(MIN(t.sampled_on), MIN(t.received_on), MIN(t.completed_on), MIN(t.authorized_on)) 'min_date'
GREATEST(MAX(t.sampled_on), MAX(t.received_on), MAX(t.completed_on), MAX(t.authorized_on)) 'max_date'
FROM SAMPLE t) t
CONNECT BY LEVEL <= ( t.max_date - t.min_date + 1) * 24) h
CROSS JOIN sample s
GROUP BY h.hour
クエリはSAMPLESテーブルに2回アクセスします。最初は、date_by_hour値の構成を構成するための最も早い日付と最も遅い日付を取得します。
このような4つのクエリ（日付ごとに1つ）を実行します。
SELECT <date to hour>, count(*) FROM sample GROUP BY <date to hour>
次に、データをアプリケーションにまとめます。本当に単一のクエリが必要な場合は、で個々のクエリを結合できますhour。
これを試して...
WITH src_data AS
( SELECT sample_id
, TRUNC( sampled_on, 'HH24' ) sampled_on
, TRUNC( received_on, 'HH24' ) received_on
, TRUNC( completed_on, 'HH24' ) completed_on
, TRUNC( authorized_on, 'HH24' ) authorized_on
FROM sample
)
, src_hours AS
( SELECT sampled_on the_date
FROM src_data
WHERE sampled_on IS NOT NULL
UNION
SELECT received_on the_date
FROM src_data
WHERE received_on IS NOT NULL
UNION
SELECT completed_on the_date
FROM src_data
WHERE completed_on IS NOT NULL
UNION
SELECT authorized_on the_date
FROM src_data
WHERE authorized_on IS NOT NULL
)
SELECT h.the_date
, ( SELECT COUNT(*)
FROM src_data s
WHERE s.sampled_on = h.the_date ) num_sampled_on
, ( SELECT COUNT(*)
FROM src_data r
WHERE r.received_on = h.the_date ) num_received_on
, ( SELECT COUNT(*)
FROM src_data c
WHERE c.completed_on = h.the_date ) num_completed_on
, ( SELECT COUNT(*)
FROM src_data a
WHERE a.authorized_on = h.the_date ) num_authorized_on
FROM src_hours h
たぶん、このビューを作成するようなものです：
create view hours as
select hour, max(cnt_sample) cnt_sample, max(cnt_received) cnt_received, max(cnt_completed) cnt_completed, max(cnt_authorized) cnt_authorized
from (
select to_char(sampled_on , 'yyyymmddhh24') hour,
count(sample_id) over (partition by to_char(sampled_on ,'yyyymmddhh24')) cnt_sample,
0 cnt_received,
0 cnt_completed,
0 cnt_authorized from sample union all
select to_char(received_on , 'yyyymmddhh24') hour,
0 cnt_sample,
count(sample_id) over (partition by to_char(received_on ,'yyyymmddhh24')) cnt_received,
0 cnt_completed,
0 cnt_authorized from sample union all
select to_char(completed_on , 'yyyymmddhh24') hour,
0 cnt_sample,
0 cnt_received,
count(sample_id) over (partition by to_char(completed_on ,'yyyymmddhh24')) cnt_completed,
0 cnt_authorized from sample union all
select to_char(authorized_on, 'yyyymmddhh24') hour,
0 cnt_sample,
0 cnt_received,
0 cnt_completed,
count(sample_id) over (partition by to_char(authorized_on ,'yyyymmddhh24')) cnt_authorized from sample
)
group by hour
;
次に、ビューから選択します。
select * from hours where hour >= '2001010102' and hour <= '2001010105'
order by hour;
これが私が考えていることですが、それがビューに十分最適かどうかはわかりません。
select
the_date,
sum(decode(the_type,'S',the_count,0)) samples,
sum(decode(the_type,'R',the_count,0)) receipts,
sum(decode(the_type,'C',the_count,0)) completions,
sum(decode(the_type,'A',the_count,0)) authorizations
from(
select
trunc(sampled_on,'HH24') the_date,
'S' the_type,
count(1) the_count
FROM sample
group by trunc(sampled_on,'HH24')
union all
select
trunc(received_on,'HH24'),
'R',
count(1)
FROM sample
group by trunc(received_on,'HH24')
union all
select
trunc(completed_on,'HH24'),
'C',
count(1)
FROM sample
group by trunc(completed_on,'HH24')
union all
select
trunc(authorized_on,'HH24'),
'A',
count(1)
FROM sample
group by trunc(authorized_on,'HH24')
)
group by the_date
次に、クエリを実行するには、通常の日付構造でクエリを実行します。
select * from magic_view where the_date > sysdate-1;
さて、サンプルテーブルを作成し、いくつかのメトリックを実行しました。
create table sample (
sample_id number primary key,
sampled_on date,
received_on date,
completed_on date,
authorized_on date
);
insert into sample (
select
level,
trunc(sysdate) + dbms_random.value(0,2),
trunc(sysdate) + dbms_random.value(0,2),
trunc(sysdate) + dbms_random.value(0,2),
trunc(sysdate) + dbms_random.value(0,2),
from dual
connect by level <= 1000
);
説明計画は次のとおりです。
---------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)|
---------------------------------------------------------------------
| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 4000 | 97K| 25 (20)|
| 1 | HASH GROUP BY | | 4000 | 97K| 25 (20)|
| 2 | VIEW | | 4000 | 97K| 24 (17)|
| 3 | UNION-ALL | | | | |
| 4 | HASH GROUP BY | | 1000 | 9000 | 6 (17)|
| 5 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| SAMPLE | 1000 | 9000 | 5 (0)|
| 6 | HASH GROUP BY | | 1000 | 9000 | 6 (17)|
| 7 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| SAMPLE | 1000 | 9000 | 5 (0)|
| 8 | HASH GROUP BY | | 1000 | 9000 | 6 (17)|
| 9 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| SAMPLE | 1000 | 9000 | 5 (0)|
| 10 | HASH GROUP BY | | 1000 | 9000 | 6 (17)|
| 11 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| SAMPLE | 1000 | 9000 | 5 (0)|
---------------------------------------------------------------------
私のマシンでは、過去24時間のこのビューに対するクエリは、23ミリ秒で完了します。悪くはありませんが、1,000行しかありません。4つの個別のクエリを割り引く前に、個々のソリューションのパフォーマンス分析を行う必要があります。
私は今提案します：
create view hours_ as
with four as (
select 1 as n from dual union all
select 2 as n from dual union all
select 3 as n from dual union all
select 4 as n from dual )
select
case when four.n = 1 then trunc(sampled_on , 'hh24')
when four.n = 2 then trunc(received_on , 'hh24')
when four.n = 3 then trunc(completed_on , 'hh24')
when four.n = 4 then trunc(authorized_on, 'hh24')
end hour_,
sum ( case when four.n = 1 then 1
else 0
end ) sample_,
sum ( case when four.n = 2 then 1
else 0
end ) receive_,
sum ( case when four.n = 3 then 1
else 0
end ) complete_,
sum ( case when four.n = 4 then 1
else 0
end ) authorize_
from
four cross join sample
group by
case when four.n = 1 then trunc(sampled_on , 'hh24')
when four.n = 2 then trunc(received_on , 'hh24')
when four.n = 3 then trunc(completed_on , 'hh24')
when four.n = 4 then trunc(authorized_on, 'hh24')
end ;
ビューが実際に一度だけアクセスされるかどうかを確認するには、次のようにします。
explain plan for select * from hours_
where hour_ between sysdate -1 and sysdate;
select * from table (dbms_xplan.display);
その結果：
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 1 | 61 | 16 (7)| 00:00:01 |
| 1 | VIEW | HOURS_ | 1 | 61 | 16 (7)| 00:00:01 |
| 2 | HASH GROUP BY | | 1 | 39 | 16 (7)| 00:00:01 |
|* 3 | FILTER | | | | | |
| 4 | NESTED LOOPS | | 1 | 39 | 15 (0)| 00:00:01 |
| 5 | VIEW | | 4 | 12 | 8 (0)| 00:00:01 |
| 6 | UNION-ALL | | | | | |
| 7 | FAST DUAL | | 1 | | 2 (0)| 00:00:01 |
| 8 | FAST DUAL | | 1 | | 2 (0)| 00:00:01 |
| 9 | FAST DUAL | | 1 | | 2 (0)| 00:00:01 |
| 10 | FAST DUAL | | 1 | | 2 (0)| 00:00:01 |
|* 11 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| SAMPLE | 1 | 36 | 2 (0)| 00:00:01 |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
RenéNyffeneggerのアイデアに似ています。各タイプの日付フィールドでフィルタリングしてから、カウントを統合します。
各日付フィールドでグループ化と順序付けの両方を行う必要があるため、このクエリを1つの選択で実行することはできないことに注意してください。これは、個別のサブクエリに分割しないと不可能です。
この例では、「2009-11-04」から「2009-11-0423：59：59」の日付範囲をコーディングしました。
SELECT
DateHour,
SUM(sampled) total_sampled,
SUM(received) total_received,
SUM(completed) total_completed,
SUM(authorized) total_authorized
FROM
(SELECT
TO_CHAR(CREATED_DATE, 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24') DateHour,
1 sampled,
0 received,
0 completed,
0 authorized
FROM
SAMPLE
WHERE
sampled_on >= TO_DATE('2009-11-04', 'YYYY-MM-DD')
AND sampled_on <= TO_DATE('2009-11-04 23:59:59', 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS')
UNION ALL
SELECT
TO_CHAR(CREATED_DATE, 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24') DateHour,
0 sampled,
1 received,
0 completed,
0 authorized
FROM
SAMPLE
WHERE
received_on >= TO_DATE('2009-11-04', 'YYYY-MM-DD')
AND received_on <= TO_DATE('2009-11-04 23:59:59', 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS')
UNION ALL
SELECT
TO_CHAR(CREATED_DATE, 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24') DateHour,
0 sampled,
0 received,
1 completed,
0 authorized
FROM
SAMPLE
WHERE
completed_on >= TO_DATE('2009-11-04', 'YYYY-MM-DD')
AND completed_on <= TO_DATE('2009-11-04 23:59:59', 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS')
UNION ALL
SELECT
TO_CHAR(CREATED_DATE, 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24') DateHour,
0 sampled,
0 received,
0 completed,
1 authorized
FROM
SAMPLE
WHERE
authorized_on >= TO_DATE('2009-11-04', 'YYYY-MM-DD')
AND authorized_on <= TO_DATE('2009-11-04 23:59:59', 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS'))
GROUP BY
DateHour
ORDER BY
DateHour