http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Knapsack_problem/0-1を見て基本的なナップザックの動的プログラミングの問題を解決したところ、実用的な解決策 (knapsack1()) が得られましたが、別の解決策 (knapsack2()) を試したところ、 ) 正しい値を取得していないため、どこかで 1 つずつずれているように感じます。
問題のコードは、下部にあるメソッド knapsack2です。問題は小さいと思いますが、問題が見つからないのでばかげています。正解は 880 ではなく 1030 です。
(knapsack1() に示されているように、サイズ [n][S] の配列で十分であることはわかっていますが、knapsack2() は奇妙に機能しません。)
これを見てくれた人に感謝します。
/**
* http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Knapsack_problem/0-1
*/
public class Knapsack {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int n = 22;
int S = 400;
int s[] = new int[22];
int v[] = new int[22];
int i = 0;
s[i] = 9;
v[i] = 150;
i++;
s[i] = 13;
v[i] = 35;
i++;
s[i] = 153;
v[i] = 200;
i++;
s[i] = 50;
v[i] = 160;
i++;
s[i] = 15;
v[i] = 60;
i++;
s[i] = 68;
v[i] = 45;
i++;
s[i] = 27;
v[i] = 60;
i++;
s[i] = 39;
v[i] = 40;
i++;
s[i] = 23;
v[i] = 30;
i++;
s[i] = 52;
v[i] = 10;
i++;
s[i] = 11;
v[i] = 70;
i++;
s[i] = 32;
v[i] = 30;
i++;
s[i] = 24;
v[i] = 15;
i++;
s[i] = 48;
v[i] = 10;
i++;
s[i] = 73;
v[i] = 40;
i++;
s[i] = 42;
v[i] = 70;
i++;
s[i] = 43;
v[i] = 75;
i++;
s[i] = 22;
v[i] = 80;
i++;
s[i] = 7;
v[i] = 20;
i++;
s[i] = 18;
v[i] = 12;
i++;
s[i] = 4;
v[i] = 50;
i++;
s[i] = 30;
v[i] = 10;
System.out.println("--Given items with these values--");
System.out.println("[item, weight (dag), value]");
System.out.println("map 9 150");
System.out.println("compass 13 35");
System.out.println("water 153 200");
System.out.println("sandwich 50 160");
System.out.println("glucose 15 60");
System.out.println("tin 68 45");
System.out.println("banana 27 60");
System.out.println("apple 39 40");
System.out.println("cheese 23 30");
System.out.println("beer 52 10");
System.out.println("suntan cream 11 70");
System.out.println("camera 32 30");
System.out.println("T-shirt 24 15");
System.out.println("trousers 48 10");
System.out.println("umbrella 73 40");
System.out.println("waterproof trousers 42 70");
System.out.println("waterproof overclothes 43 75");
System.out.println("note-case 22 80");
System.out.println("sunglasses 7 20");
System.out.println("towel 18 12");
System.out.println("socks 4 50");
System.out.println("book 30 10");
System.out.println("--The max value you can achieve in your knapsack--");
System.out.println(knapsack2(n, S, s, v));
// proper value should be 1030, from website
}
/**
* @param n items
* @param S bag size/capacity
* @param s array where s[i] is size/weight of item at index i
* @param v array where v[i] is value of item at index i
* @return best/max value possible
*/
@SuppressWarnings("unused")
private static int knapsack1(int n, int S, int s[], int v[]) {
int dp[][] = new int[n][S];
for (int i=n-1; i >= 0; i--) { // # items being left out + 1
for (int j=0; j < S; j++) { // size/weight + 1
if (i == n-1) {
dp[i][j] = 0;
} else {
int choices[] = {0,0};
choices[0] = dp[i+1][j];
if (j >= s[i])
choices[1] = v[i] + dp[i+1][j-s[i]];
dp[i][j] = max(choices);
}
}
}
return dp[0][S-1];
}
private static int max(int choices[]) {
if (choices[0] > choices[1])
return choices[0];
else
return choices[1];
}
/**
* @param n items
* @param S bag size/capacity
* @param s array where s[i] is size/weight of item at index i
* @param v array where v[i] is value of item at index i
* @return best/max value possible
*/
// @SuppressWarnings("unused")
private static int knapsack2(int n, int S, int s[], int v[]) {
int dp[][] = new int[n][S]; // dp[i][j] holds max value using i items and not exceeding weight j+1
for (int i=0; i < n; i++) { // # items. don't need to reach n because we assume we can fit at most n-1 items.
for (int j=0; j < S; j++) { // size/weight+1
if (i == 0) {
dp[i][j] = 0;
} else {
int choices[] = {0,0};
choices[0] = dp[i-1][j];
if (j >= s[i])
choices[1] = v[i] + dp[i-1][j-s[i]];
dp[i][j] = max(choices);
}
}
}
return dp[n-1][S-1]; // TODO: WHY IS THIS 880 AND NOT 1030?
}
}