私は最初の主要な Python アプリに取り組んでおり、環境に問題があります。Python コンソール (pycharm) を使用しようとしています。コンソールを起動すると、これが表示されます-
sys.path.extend(['/home/scphantm/code/gitflow_plus', '/home/scphantm/code/gitflow_plus/gitflow', '/home/scphantm/code/gitflow_plus/bin', '/home/scphantm/code/gitflow_plus/tests'])
私がこれをするとき -
>>> sys.path
['/usr/local/pycharm/helpers/pydev', '/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/GitPython-0.3.2.RC1-py2.7.egg', '/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/gitdb-0.5.4-py2.7-linux-x86_64.egg', '/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/smmap-0.8.2-py2.7.egg', '/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/async-0.6.1-py2.7-linux-x86_64.egg', '/usr/lib/python2.7', '/usr/lib/python2.7/plat-x86_64-linux-gnu', '/usr/lib/python2.7/lib-tk', '/usr/lib/python2.7/lib-old', '/usr/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload', '/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages', '/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages', '/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/PILcompat', '/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/gtk-2.0', '/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.7', '/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ubuntu-sso-client', '/home/scphantm/code/gitflow_plus', '/home/scphantm/code/gitflow_plus/gitflow', '/home/scphantm/code/gitflow_plus/bin', '/home/scphantm/code/gitflow_plus/tests']
プロジェクトファイルの1つをインポートしようとすると、たとえば、そうしなければなりません
import gitflow.conf.configmanager
単にではなく
import conf.configmanager
これの問題は、構成マネージャーに gitflow フォルダーに関連するインポートがあり、それらが見つからないことです。
私が求めているのは、pythonコンソールに効果的に移動するように指示するコマンドであると思いました
cd gitflow
* *もう少し情報
>>> os.getcwd()
'/home/scphantm/Code/gitflow_plus/gitflow'
>>> from conf.configmanager import ConfigManager
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<console>", line 1, in <module>
ImportError: No module named configmanager
* *ディレクトリ構造
gitflow_plus (project root folder)
bin
gitflow
bin
conf
__init__.py
configmanager.py
class ConfigManager
__init__.py
exceptions.py
class exception1
class exception2
class exception3
tests
fixtures
gitflow
helpers
usecase
================== もっとやってみる
私は読んでいて、このようなものを見つけました：
>>> __name__
'__main__'
>>> __package__
>>> __package__ = 'gitflow'
>>> from conf.configmanager import ConfigManager
/usr/local/pycharm/helpers/pydev/pydevconsole.py:1: RuntimeWarning: Parent module 'gitflow' not found while handling absolute import
try:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<console>", line 1, in <module>
ImportError: No module named conf.configmanager
================ さらに詳しい情報
>>> import conf.configmanager
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<console>", line 1, in <module>
ImportError: No module named configmanager
>>> dir(conf)
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<console>", line 1, in <module>
NameError: name 'conf' is not defined
>>> dir(gitflow)
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<console>", line 1, in <module>
NameError: name 'gitflow' is not defined
>>> import gitflow.conf.configmanager
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<console>", line 1, in <module>
File "/home/scphantm/code/gitflow_plus/gitflow/conf/configmanager.py", line 7, in <module>
from exceptions import NoRepositoryObject
ImportError: cannot import name NoRepositoryObject
>>> dir(sys)
['__displayhook__', '__doc__', '__egginsert', '__excepthook__', '__name__', '__package__', '__plen', '__stderr__', '__stdin__', '__stdout__', '_clear_type_cache', '_current_frames', '_getframe', '_mercurial', '_multiarch', 'api_version', 'argv', 'builtin_module_names', 'byteorder', 'call_tracing', 'callstats', 'copyright', 'displayhook', 'dont_write_bytecode', 'exc_clear', 'exc_info', 'exc_type', 'excepthook', 'exec_prefix', 'executable', 'exit', 'flags', 'float_info', 'float_repr_style', 'getcheckinterval', 'getdefaultencoding', 'getdlopenflags', 'getfilesystemencoding', 'getprofile', 'getrecursionlimit', 'getrefcount', 'getsizeof', 'gettrace', 'hexversion', 'last_traceback', 'last_type', 'last_value', 'long_info', 'maxint', 'maxsize', 'maxunicode', 'meta_path', 'modules', 'path', 'path_hooks', 'path_importer_cache', 'platform', 'prefix', 'py3kwarning', 'pydebug', 'setcheckinterval', 'setdlopenflags', 'setprofile', 'setrecursionlimit', 'settrace', 'stderr', 'stdin', 'stdout', 'subversion', 'version', 'version_info', 'warnoptions']
======================= ちょっと、小さなブレークスルー。一歩下がって、おそらく「conf」という単語は予約語か、どこかにすでに存在するパッケージであると考えました。だから私はそれを構成に名前を変更しました。今、私は得る
>> import config.configmanager
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<console>", line 1, in <module>
File "/home/scphantm/code/gitflow_plus/gitflow/config/configmanager.py", line 7, in <module>
from exceptions import NoRepositoryObject
ImportError: cannot import name NoRepositoryObject
上記のディレクトリ構造から、例外がプロジェクトのルートにあることがわかります。モジュールとクラスを見つけることができるのに、モジュールコードがルートで何かを見つけることができないのはなぜですか?
================================================================================================================== その
git@github.com:scphantm/gitflow_plus.git
私はまだ困惑しています。
=============== コマンドはまだまだ勉強中です。私がこれをするとき
>>>sys.modules
{'heapq': <module 'heapq' from '/usr/lib/python2.7/heapq.pyc'>, 'code': <module 'code' from '/usr/lib/python2.7/code.pyc'>, 'distutils': <module 'distutils' from '/usr/lib/python2.7/distutils/__init__.pyc'>, 'functools': <module 'functools' from '/usr/lib/python2.7/functools.pyc'>, 'random': <module 'random' from '/usr/lib/python2.7/random.pyc'>, 'datetime': <module 'datetime' from '/usr/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload/datetime.x86_64-linux-gnu.so'>, 'sysconfig': <module 'sysconfig' from '/usr/lib/python2.7/sysconfig.pyc'>, 'encodings.encodings': None, 'xml': <module 'xml' from '/usr/lib/python2.7/xml/__init__.pyc'>, 'struct': <module 'struct' from '/usr/lib/python2.7/struct.pyc'>, 'tempfile': <module 'tempfile' from '/usr/lib/python2.7/tempfile.pyc'>, 'base64': <module 'base64' from '/usr/lib/python2.7/base64.pyc'>, 'pyexpat.errors': <module 'pyexpat.errors' (built-in)>, 'collections': <module 'collections' from '/usr/lib/python2.7/collections.pyc'>, 'distutils.types': None, 'zipimport': <module 'zipimport' (built-in)>, 'string': <module 'string' from '/usr/lib/python2.7/string.pyc'>, 'SocketServer': <module 'SocketServer' from '/usr/lib/python2.7/SocketServer.py'>, 'encodings.utf_8': <module 'encodings.utf_8' from '/usr/lib/python2.7/encodings/utf_8.pyc'>, 'ssl': <module 'ssl' from '/usr/lib/python2.7/ssl.pyc'>, 'distutils.re': None, 'httplib': <module 'httplib' from '/usr/lib/python2.7/httplib.pyc'>, 'config.exceptions': None, 'signal': <module 'signal' (built-in)>, 'threading': <module 'threading' from '/usr/lib/python2.7/threading.pyc'>, 'pyexpat.model': <module 'pyexpat.model' (built-in)>, 'distutils.version': <module 'distutils.version' from '/usr/lib/python2.7/distutils/version.pyc'>, 'cStringIO': <module 'cStringIO' (built-in)>, 'pygit2.repository': <module 'pygit2.repository' from '/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pygit2/repository.pyc'>, 'xml.parsers.expat': <module 'xml.parsers.expat' from '/usr/lib/python2.7/xml/parsers/expat.pyc'>, 'encodings': <module 'encodings' from '/usr/lib/python2.7/encodings/__init__.pyc'>, 'BaseHTTPServer': <module 'BaseHTTPServer' from '/usr/lib/python2.7/BaseHTTPServer.py'>, 'pydev_imports': <module 'pydev_imports' from '/usr/local/pycharm/helpers/pydev/pydev_imports.pyc'>, 'config.distutils': None, 'abc': <module 'abc' from '/usr/lib/python2.7/abc.pyc'>, 'rfc822': <module 'rfc822' from '/usr/lib/python2.7/rfc822.pyc'>, 'urllib': <module 'urllib' from '/usr/lib/python2.7/urllib.pyc'>, 're': <module 're' from '/usr/lib/python2.7/re.pyc'>, 'math': <module 'math' (built-in)>, 'fcntl': <module 'fcntl' (built-in)>, 'UserDict': <module 'UserDict' from '/usr/lib/python2.7/UserDict.pyc'>, 'Queue': <module 'Queue' from '/usr/lib/python2.7/Queue.pyc'>, 'codecs': <module 'codecs' from '/usr/lib/python2.7/codecs.pyc'>, '_sysconfigdata_nd': <module '_sysconfigdata_nd' from '/usr/lib/python2.7/plat-x86_64-linux-gnu/_sysconfigdata_nd.pyc'>, '_functools': <module '_functools' (built-in)>, 'socket': <module 'socket' from '/usr/lib/python2.7/socket.pyc'>, 'thread': <module 'thread' (built-in)>, 'StringIO': <module 'StringIO' from '/usr/lib/python2.7/StringIO.pyc'>, 'traceback': <module 'traceback' from '/usr/lib/python2.7/traceback.pyc'>, 'itertools': <module 'itertools' (built-in)>, 'config.os': None, 'os': <module 'os' from '/usr/lib/python2.7/os.pyc'>, '__future__': <module '__future__' from '/usr/lib/python2.7/__future__.pyc'>, '_collections': <module '_collections' (built-in)>, '_sre': <module '_sre' (built-in)>, '__builtin__': <module '__builtin__' (built-in)>, 'xml.parsers': <module 'xml.parsers' from '/usr/lib/python2.7/xml/parsers/__init__.pyc'>, 'operator': <module 'operator' (built-in)>, 'xml.parsers.pyexpat': None, 'array': <module 'array' (built-in)>, 'distutils.string': None, 'select': <module 'select' (built-in)>, '_heapq': <module '_heapq' (built-in)>, 'posixpath': <module 'posixpath' from '/usr/lib/python2.7/posixpath.pyc'>, 'errno': <module 'errno' (built-in)>, '_socket': <module '_socket' (built-in)>, 'binascii': <module 'binascii' (built-in)>, 'sre_constants': <module 'sre_constants' from '/usr/lib/python2.7/sre_constants.pyc'>, 'os.path': <module 'posixpath' from '/usr/lib/python2.7/posixpath.pyc'>, 'config.pygit2': None, '_warnings': <module '_warnings' (built-in)>, 'pygit2._pygit2': None, 'encodings.__builtin__': None, '_codecs': <module '_codecs' (built-in)>, 'SimpleXMLRPCServer': <module 'SimpleXMLRPCServer' from '/usr/lib/python2.7/SimpleXMLRPCServer.py'>, 'pydev_console_utils': <module 'pydev_console_utils' from '/usr/local/pycharm/helpers/pydev/pydev_console_utils.pyc'>, '_sysconfigdata': <module '_sysconfigdata' from '/usr/lib/python2.7/_sysconfigdata.pyc'>, '_struct': <module '_struct' (built-in)>, 'hashlib': <module 'hashlib' from '/usr/lib/python2.7/hashlib.pyc'>, 'keyword': <module 'keyword' from '/usr/lib/python2.7/keyword.pyc'>, 'zlib': <module 'zlib' (built-in)>, 'posix': <module 'posix' (built-in)>, 'encodings.aliases': <module 'encodings.aliases' from '/usr/lib/python2.7/encodings/aliases.pyc'>, 'exceptions': <module 'exceptions' (built-in)>, 'sre_parse': <module 'sre_parse' from '/usr/lib/python2.7/sre_parse.pyc'>, 'mimetools': <module 'mimetools' from '/usr/lib/python2.7/mimetools.pyc'>, 'copy_reg': <module 'copy_reg' from '/usr/lib/python2.7/copy_reg.pyc'>, 'sre_compile': <module 'sre_compile' from '/usr/lib/python2.7/sre_compile.pyc'>, '_hashlib': <module '_hashlib' from '/usr/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload/_hashlib.x86_64-linux-gnu.so'>, '_random': <module '_random' (built-in)>, 'site': <module 'site' from '/usr/lib/python2.7/site.pyc'>, 'io': <module 'io' from '/usr/lib/python2.7/io.pyc'>, '__main__': <module '__main__' from '/usr/local/pycharm/helpers/pydev/pydevconsole.py'>, 'pyexpat': <module 'pyexpat' from '/usr/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload/pyexpat.x86_64-linux-gnu.so'>, 'urlparse': <module 'urlparse' from '/usr/lib/python2.7/urlparse.pyc'>, 'strop': <module 'strop' (built-in)>, 'linecache': <module 'linecache' from '/usr/lib/python2.7/linecache.pyc'>, 'encodings.codecs': None, '_abcoll': <module '_abcoll' from '/usr/lib/python2.7/_abcoll.pyc'>, 'config': <module 'config' from '/home/scphantm/code/gitflow_plus/gitflow/config/__init__.pyc'>, 'pygit2': <module 'pygit2' from '/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pygit2/__init__.pyc'>, 'genericpath': <module 'genericpath' from '/usr/lib/python2.7/genericpath.pyc'>, 'stat': <module 'stat' from '/usr/lib/python2.7/stat.pyc'>, '_ssl': <module '_ssl' from '/usr/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload/_ssl.x86_64-linux-gnu.so'>, 'warnings': <module 'warnings' from '/usr/lib/python2.7/warnings.pyc'>, 'pydevd_constants': <module 'pydevd_constants' from '/usr/local/pycharm/helpers/pydev/pydevd_constants.pyc'>, 'encodings.ascii': <module 'encodings.ascii' from '/usr/lib/python2.7/encodings/ascii.pyc'>, 'pydev_localhost': <module 'pydev_localhost' from '/usr/local/pycharm/helpers/pydev/pydev_localhost.pyc'>, 'textwrap': <module 'textwrap' from '/usr/lib/python2.7/textwrap.pyc'>, 'sys': <module 'sys' (built-in)>, 'codeop': <module 'codeop' from '/usr/lib/python2.7/codeop.pyc'>, 'pygit2.string': None, 'types': <module 'types' from '/usr/lib/python2.7/types.pyc'>, '_pygit2': <module '_pygit2' from '/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/_pygit2.so'>, 'sitecustomize': <module 'sitecustomize' from '/usr/lib/python2.7/sitecustomize.pyc'>, '_weakref': <module '_weakref' (built-in)>, 'pygit2.version': <module 'pygit2.version' from '/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pygit2/version.pyc'>, 'xmlrpclib': <module 'xmlrpclib' from '/usr/lib/python2.7/xmlrpclib.pyc'>, '_io': <module '_io' (built-in)>, '_weakrefset': <module '_weakrefset' from '/usr/lib/python2.7/_weakrefset.pyc'>, 'time': <module 'time' (built-in)>, 'gzip': <module 'gzip' from '/usr/lib/python2.7/gzip.pyc'>}
とても長いことですが、興味深いのはこの行です
'exceptions': <module 'exceptions' (built-in)>
面白いことに、すべての例外を含むファイルは例外とも呼ばれます。そのファイルの名前をflow_exceptionsに変更するとすぐに、すべてが点灯し、正常に機能しました. まあ、半日しかかかりませんでした=-)