以前、Ubuntu 12.04.1 で特定の構成とパッケージを使用して OpenCV 2.4.5 を使用していましたが、Ubuntu 12.04.2 で OpenCV 2.4.6.1 にアップグレードする際に問題がありました。
いくつかのアイデアを共有したいと思います (SO、ubuntu.org、asklinux.org など、いくつかのソースから収集した注目すべき情報をまとめたものです。もちろん、いくつかの手順を試すことによって)
以下は、最終的に私を乗り越えたものです。
注: OpenCV、FFMpeg、および以前にインストールされたその他の依存関係の以前のインストールを必ずアンインストールしてください。
ステップ 1 (ffmpeg と依存関係のインストール)
# goto http://sourceforge.net/projects/opencvlibrary/files/opencv-unix/
# download the latest stable opencv such as 2.4.6.1 (http://sourceforge.net/projects/opencvlibrary/files/opencv-unix/2.4.5/opencv-2.4.5.1.tar.gz/download) to current directory (such as home or ~/Document)
# cd /opt
# tar -xvf <path-to-download-folder>/OpenCV-2.4.6.1.tar.gz
# cd OpenCV-2.4.6.1
# create a foler under current dir (following previous step, this should be <opencv-dir>), called prepare
# cd prepare
# Copy the following script to gedit and save as install.sh to current dir, this should be <opencv-dir>/prepare
# Check corresponding url used in the script for latest versions of the package and replace as required
# Open terminal and navigate to location used above
# sudo chmod +x install.sh
# ./install
echo "Removing any pre-installed ffmpeg, x264, and other dependencies (not all the previously installed dependecies)"
sudo apt-get remove ffmpeg x264 libx264-dev libvpx-dev librtmp0 librtmp-dev libopencv-dev
sudo apt-get update
arch=$(uname -m)
if [ "$arch" == "i686" -o "$arch" == "i386" -o "$arch" == "i486" -o "$arch" == "i586" ]; then
flag=0
else
flag=1
fi
echo "Installing Dependenices"
sudo apt-get install autoconf automake make g++ curl cmake bzip2 python unzip \
build-essential checkinstall git git-core libass-dev libgpac-dev \
libsdl1.2-dev libtheora-dev libtool libva-dev libvdpau-dev libvorbis-dev libx11-dev \
libxext-dev libxfixes-dev pkg-config texi2html zlib1g-dev
echo "downloading yasm (assembler used by x264 and FFmpeg)"
# use git or tarball (not both)
wget http://www.tortall.net/projects/yasm/releases/yasm-1.2.0.tar.gz
tar xzvf yasm-1.2.0.tar.gz
cd yasm-1.2.0
echo "installing yasm"
./configure
make
sudo make install
cd ..
echo 'READ NOTE BELOW which was extracted from http://wiki.serviio.org/doku.php?id=build_ffmpeg_linux'
echo 'New version of x264 contains by default support of OpenCL. If not installed or without sense (example Ubuntu 12.04LTS on VMWare) add to configure additional option --disable-opencl. Without this option ffmpeg could not be configured (ERROR: libx264 not found).'
echo "downloading x264 (H.264 video encoder)"
# use git or tarball (not both)
# git clone http://repo.or.cz/r/x264.git or
git clone git://git.videolan.org/x264.git
cd x264
# wget ftp://ftp.videolan.org/pub/videolan/x264/snapshots/x264-snapshot-20130801-2245-stable.tar.bz2
# tar -xvjf x264-snapshot-20130801-2245-stable.tar.bz2
# cd x264-snapshot-20130801-2245-stable/
echo "Installing x264"
if [ $flag -eq 0 ]; then
./configure --enable-static --disable-opencl
else
./configure --enable-shared --enable-pic --disable-opencl
fi
make
sudo make install
cd ..
echo "downloading fdk-aac (AAC audio encoder)"
# use git or tarball (not both)
git clone --depth 1 git://github.com/mstorsjo/fdk-aac.git
cd fdk-aac
echo "installing fdk-aac"
autoreconf -fiv
./configure --disable-shared
make
sudo make install
cd ..
echo "installing libmp3lame-dev (MP3 audio encoder.)"
sudo apt-get install libmp3lame-dev
echo "downloading libopus (Opus audio decoder and encoder.)"
wget http://downloads.xiph.org/releases/opus/opus-1.0.3.tar.gz
tar xzvf opus-1.0.3.tar.gz
cd opus-1.0.3
echo "installing libopus"
./configure --disable-shared
make
sudo make install
cd ..
echo "downloading libvpx VP8/VP9 video encoder and decoder)"
# use git or tarball (not both)
git clone --depth 1 http://git.chromium.org/webm/libvpx.git
cd libvpx
# wget http://webm.googlecode.com/files/libvpx-v1.1.0.tar.bz2 (this seems not to be update, but can still be used if the fedoraproject link below is not available))
# wget http://pkgs.fedoraproject.org/repo/pkgs/libvpx/libvpx-v1.2.0.tar.bz2/400d7c940c5f9d394893d42ae5f463e6/libvpx-v1.2.0.tar.bz2
# tar xvjf libvpx-v1.2.0.tar.bz2
# cd libvpx-v1.2.0
echo "installing libvpx"
./configure --disable-examples
make
sudo make install
cd ..
sudo ldconfig
echo "downloading ffmpeg"
# git clone http://repo.or.cz/r/ffmpeg.git
git clone git://source.ffmpeg.org/ffmpeg.git
cd ffmpeg/
# wget http://ffmpeg.org/releases/ffmpeg-2.0.tar.bz2
# tar -xvjf ffmpeg-2.0.tar.bz2
# cd ffmpeg-2.0/
echo "installing ffmpeg"
if [ $flag -eq 0 ]; then
./configure --enable-gpl --enable-libass --enable-libfdk-aac --enable-libopus --enable-libfaac --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libopencore-amrnb --enable-libopencore-amrwb --enable-libtheora --enable-libvorbis --enable-libx264 --enable-libxvid --enable-nonfree --enable-postproc --enable-version3 --enable-x11grab --enable-libvpx
else
./configure --enable-gpl --enable-libass --enable-libfdk-aac --enable-libopus --enable-libfaac --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libopencore-amrnb --enable-libopencore-amrwb --enable-libtheora --enable-libvorbis --enable-libx264 --enable-libxvid --enable-nonfree --enable-postproc --enable-version3 --enable-x11grab --enable-libvpx --enable-shared
fi
make
sudo make install
hash -r
cd .. # move up one level to prepare folder
cd .. # move up one level to opencv folder
echo "Checking to see if you're using your new ffmpeg"
ffmpeg 2>&1 | head -n1
sudo ldconfig
STEP 2 (OpenCVと必要なパッケージのインストール)
echo "Installing Dependenices"
sudo apt-get install libtiff4-dev libjpeg-dev libjasper-dev
echo "installing Video I/O libraries, support for Firewire video cameras and video streaming libraries"
sudo apt-get install libav-tools libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev libdc1394-22-dev libxine-dev libgstreamer0.10-dev libgstreamer-plugins-base0.10-dev libv4l-dev v4l-utils v4l-conf
echo "installing the Python development environment and the Python Numerical library"
sudo apt-get install python-dev python-numpy
echo "installing the parallel code processing library (the Intel tbb library)"
sudo apt-get install libtbb-dev
echo "installing the Qt dev library"
sudo apt-get install libqt4-dev libgtk2.0-dev
echo "installing other dependencies (if need be it would upgrade current version of the packages)"
sudo apt-get install patch subversion ruby librtmp0 librtmp-dev libfaac-dev libmp3lame-dev libopencore-amrnb-dev libopencore-amrwb-dev libvpx-dev libxvidcore-dev
echo installing optional packages"
sudo apt-get install libdc1394-utils libdc1394-22-dev libdc1394-22 libjpeg-dev libpng-dev libtiff-dev libjasper-dev
ステップ 3 (ldconfig の実行)
# Open a new terminal window
# Open /etc/ld.so.conf and check,
# if the paths "/usr/lib" and "/usr/local/lib" including the quote exist in the file. If not, add them manually or by
sudo echo "/usr/local/lib" >> /etc/ld.so.conf
sudo echo "/usr/lib" >> /etc/ld.so.conf
# execute the following
sudo ldconfig
STEP 4a (OS 使用のためのビルドとインストール)
# still ensure you haven't close the new terminal window open in STEP 3
# execute the following
mkdir os_build
cd os_build
cmake -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local -DBUILD_NEW_PYTHON_SUPPORT=ON -DINSTALL_PYTHON_EXAMPLES=ON -DWITH_TBB=ON -DWITH_V4L=ON -DINSTALL_C_EXAMPLES=ON -DBUILD_EXAMPLES=ON -DWITH_QT=ON -DWITH_OPENGL=ON -DWITH_OPENCL=ON -DWITH_EIGEN=ON -DWITH_OPENEXR=ON ..
make
sudo make install
# add the following to user environment variable ~/.bashrc
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:/usr/local/lib
export PKG_CONFIG_PATH=${PKG_CONFIG_PATH}:/usr/local/lib/pkgconfig
# execute the following
sudo ldconfig
# start to use and enjoy opencv, it should have been install into any of these locations
# /usr/local/include/opencv2, /usr/local/include/opencv, /usr/include/opencv, /usr/include/opencv2, /usr/local/share/opencv
# /usr/local/share/OpenCV, /usr/share/opencv, /usr/share/OpenCV, /usr/local/bin/opencv*, /usr/local/lib/libopencv*
ステップ 4b (Java を使用するためのビルド): オプション
# still ensure you haven't close the new terminal window open in STEP 4
# execute the following
cd ..
mkdir java_build
cd java_build
cmake -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE -DBUILD_SHARED_LIBS=OFF -DINSTALL_PYTHON_EXAMPLES=ON -DWITH_TBB=ON -DWITH_V4L=ON -DINSTALL_C_EXAMPLES=ON -DBUILD_EXAMPLES=ON -DWITH_QT=ON -DWITH_OPENGL=ON -DWITH_OPENCL=ON -DWITH_EIGEN=ON -DWITH_OPENEXR=ON ..
make
# You can check the "java_build/bin" directory to locate the jar and libopencv_java.so file for your development
# As stated in the docs, the Java bindings dynamic library is all-sufficient, i.e. doesn’t depend on other OpenCV libs, but includes all the OpenCV code inside
ステップ 5 (v4l をインストールします。注: opencv のインストール後に v4l-utils をインストールすると、Ubuntu 12.04.2 および OpenCV 2.4.6.1 で動作します)
# still ensure you haven't close the new terminal window open in STEP 3
# goto http://www.linuxtv.org/downloads/v4l-utils
# download the latest v4l such as v4l-utils-0.9.5.tar.bz2
# copy the downloaded file to the current terminal dir (following previous step, this should be <opencv-dir>/prepare)
# execute the following
tar -xvjf v4l-utils-0.9.5.tar.bz2
cd v4l-utils-0.9.5/
./configure
make
sudo make install
cd ..
cd .. # (to go to <opencv-dir>)
sudo ldconfig
注目に値する
# To check the path where opencv & other lib files are stored, do:
pkg-config --cflags opencv
(output will come as)
-I/usr/include/opencv
pkg-config --libs opencv
(output will come as)
-lopencv_core -lopencv_imgproc -lopencv_highgui -lopencv_ --ml -lopencv_video -lopencv_features2d -lopencv_calib3d -lopencv_objdetect -lopencv_contrib -lopencv_legacy -lopencv_flann
# The above paths are needed to compile your opencv programs, as given in the next illustration.
# write a simple C program to test, by saving below program in a file named DisplayImage.c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp>
int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
IplImage* img=0; /* pointer to an image */
printf("Hello\n");
if(argv[1] != 0)
img = cvLoadImage(argv[1], 0); // 1 for color
else
printf("Enter filename\n");
if(img != 0) {
cvNamedWindow("Display", CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE); // create a window
cvShowImage("Display", img); // show image in window
cvWaitKey(0); // wait until user hits a key
cvDestroyWindow("Display");
}
else
printf("File not found\n");
return 0;
}
# write a simple C++ program to test, by saving below program in a file named DisplayImage.cpp
#include <stdio.h>
#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include <opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp>
using namespace cv;
int main( int argc, char** argv )
{
Mat image;
image = imread( argv[1], 1 );
if( argc != 2 || !image.data )
{
printf( "No image data \n" );
return -1;
}
namedWindow( "Display Image", CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE );
imshow( "Display Image", image );
waitKey(0);
return 0;
}
# To compile & run :
g++ <filename: e.g. DisplayImage.c or DisplayImage.cpp> `pkg-config --cflags --libs opencv` && ./a.out img
or
g++ -I/usr/include/opencv -I/usr/local/include -lopencv_core -lopencv_highgui -lopencv_ml -lopencv_imgproc -lopencv_video -lopencv_features2d -lopencv_calib3d -lopencv_objdetect -lopencv_contrib -lopencv_legacy -lopencv_flann -lopencv_nonfree <filename: e.g. DisplayImage.c or DisplayImage.cpp> && ./a.out img
where “img” is the name of any image with extension within the same folder .
You should be able to see “Hello” and the image in a different window.
If this runs, Congrats! now you can run any C/C++ program with opencv lib.
# Now lets simplify the above big command by making a shortcut for it:
go to your local home directory(cd /home/) and open the .bashrc file using gedit(the file will be hidden). Append the following to the file:
alias gcv="g++ -I/usr/include/opencv -I/usr/local/include -lopencv_core -lopencv_highgui -lopencv_ml -lopencv_imgproc -lopencv_video -lopencv_features2d -lopencv_calib3d -lopencv_objdetect -lopencv_contrib -lopencv_legacy -lopencv_flann -lopencv_nonfree"
and save. Close the terminal and open it again.(as this process requires relogin of the terminal)
# Now, go to directory containing a sample program & do
gcv <filename: e.g. DisplayImage.c or DisplayImage.cpp> && ./a.out
or
gcv <filename: e.g. DisplayImage.c or DisplayImage.cpp>
./a.out input_img.jpg
ご覧のとおり、コマンドは $cc filename.c、$./a.out のようになり、通常は C/C++ プログラムのコンパイルと実行に使用されます。
すべての lib ファイルがインストールされているかどうかを確認するいくつかの方法 -
apt-cache search opencv
戻り値：
libcv-dev - Translation package for libcv-dev
libcv2.3 - computer vision library - libcv* translation package
libcvaux-dev - Translation package for libcvaux-dev
libcvaux2.3 - computer vision library - libcvaux translation package
libhighgui-dev - Translation package for libhighgui-dev
libhighgui2.3 - computer vision library - libhighgui translation package
libopencv-calib3d-dev - development files for libopencv-calib3d
libopencv-calib3d2.3 - computer vision Camera Calibration library
libopencv-contrib-dev - development files for libopencv-contrib
libopencv-contrib2.3 - computer vision contrib library
libopencv-core-dev - development files for libopencv-core
libopencv-core2.3 - computer vision core library
libopencv-dev - development files for opencv
libopencv-features2d-dev - development files for libopencv-features2d
libopencv-features2d2.3 - computer vision Feature Detection and Descriptor Extraction library
libopencv-flann-dev - development files for libopencv-flann
libopencv-flann2.3 - computer vision Clustering and Search in Multi-Dimensional spaces library
libopencv-gpu-dev - development files for libopencv-gpu
libopencv-gpu2.3 - computer vision GPU Processing library
libopencv-highgui-dev - development files for libopencv-highgui
libopencv-highgui2.3 - computer vision High-level GUI and Media I/O library
libopencv-imgproc-dev - development files for libopencv-imgproc
libopencv-imgproc2.3 - computer vision Image Processing library
libopencv-legacy-dev - development files for libopencv-legacy
libopencv-legacy2.3 - computer vision legacy library
libopencv-ml-dev - development files for libopencv-ml
libopencv-ml2.3 - computer vision Machine Learning library
libopencv-objdetect-dev - development files for libopencv-objdetect
libopencv-objdetect2.3 - computer vision Object Detection library
libopencv-video-dev - development files for libopencv-video
libopencv-video2.3 - computer vision Video analysis library
opencv-doc - OpenCV documentation and examples
python-opencv - Python bindings for the computer vision library