私は今週同じ問題に苦しんでいましたが、逆の方法 (PHP 暗号化 -> NodeJS 復号化) で、このスニペットを機能させることができました:
aes256cbc.js
var crypto = require('crypto');
var encrypt = function (plain_text, encryptionMethod, secret, iv) {
var encryptor = crypto.createCipheriv(encryptionMethod, secret, iv);
return encryptor.update(plain_text, 'utf8', 'base64') + encryptor.final('base64');
};
var decrypt = function (encryptedMessage, encryptionMethod, secret, iv) {
var decryptor = crypto.createDecipheriv(encryptionMethod, secret, iv);
return decryptor.update(encryptedMessage, 'base64', 'utf8') + decryptor.final('utf8');
};
var textToEncrypt = new Date().toISOString().substr(0,19) + '|My super secret information.';
var encryptionMethod = 'AES-256-CBC';
var secret = "My32charPasswordAndInitVectorStr"; //must be 32 char length
var iv = secret.substr(0,16);
var encryptedMessage = encrypt(textToEncrypt, encryptionMethod, secret, iv);
var decryptedMessage = decrypt(encryptedMessage, encryptionMethod, secret, iv);
console.log(encryptedMessage);
console.log(decryptedMessage);
aes256cbc.php
<?php
date_default_timezone_set('UTC');
$textToEncrypt = substr(date('c'),0,19) . "|My super secret information.";
$encryptionMethod = "AES-256-CBC";
$secret = "My32charPasswordAndInitVectorStr"; //must be 32 char length
$iv = substr($secret, 0, 16);
$encryptedMessage = openssl_encrypt($textToEncrypt, $encryptionMethod, $secret,0,$iv);
$decryptedMessage = openssl_decrypt($encryptedMessage, $encryptionMethod, $secret,0,$iv);
echo "$encryptedMessage\n";
echo "$decryptedMessage\n";
?>
キー/iv サイズ/復号化の問題に陥らないようにするための秘訣は、正確に 32 文字の長さと IV に 16 文字の秘密を持つことです。また、NodeJS で 'base64' と 'utf8' を使用することは非常に重要です。これらは PHP のデフォルトであるためです。
いくつかの実行例を次に示します。
$ node aes256cbc.js && php aes256cbc.php
zra3FX4iyCc7qPc1dZs+G3ZQ40f5bSw8P9n5OtWl1t86nV5Qfh4zNRPFbsciyyHyU3Qi4Ga1oTiTwzrPIZQXLw==
2015-01-27T18:29:12|My super secret information.
zra3FX4iyCc7qPc1dZs+G3ZQ40f5bSw8P9n5OtWl1t86nV5Qfh4zNRPFbsciyyHyU3Qi4Ga1oTiTwzrPIZQXLw==
2015-01-27T18:29:12|My super secret information.
$ node aes256cbc.js && php aes256cbc.php
zra3FX4iyCc7qPc1dZs+G6B6+8aavHNc/Ymv9L6Omod8Di3tMbvOa2B7O2Yiyoutm9fy9l0G+P5VJT9z2qNESA==
2015-01-27T18:29:15|My super secret information.
zra3FX4iyCc7qPc1dZs+G6B6+8aavHNc/Ymv9L6Omod8Di3tMbvOa2B7O2Yiyoutm9fy9l0G+P5VJT9z2qNESA==
2015-01-27T18:29:15|My super secret information.
$ node aes256cbc.js && php aes256cbc.php
zra3FX4iyCc7qPc1dZs+G4oD1Fr5yLByON6QDE56UOqP6kkfGJzpyH6TbwZYX2oGlh2JGv+aHYUMh0qQnAj/uw==
2015-01-27T18:29:29|My super secret information.
zra3FX4iyCc7qPc1dZs+G4oD1Fr5yLByON6QDE56UOqP6kkfGJzpyH6TbwZYX2oGlh2JGv+aHYUMh0qQnAj/uw==
2015-01-27T18:29:29|My super secret information.
$ node aes256cbc.js && php aes256cbc.php
zra3FX4iyCc7qPc1dZs+G5OVCbCaUy8a0LLF+Bn8UT4X3nYbtynO0Zt2mvXnnli9dRxrxMw43uWnkh8MIwVHXA==
2015-01-27T18:29:31|My super secret information.
zra3FX4iyCc7qPc1dZs+G5OVCbCaUy8a0LLF+Bn8UT4X3nYbtynO0Zt2mvXnnli9dRxrxMw43uWnkh8MIwVHXA==
2015-01-27T18:29:31|My super secret information.
$ node aes256cbc.js && php aes256cbc.php
fdsqSyHBJjlwD0jYfOUZM2FrONG6Fk5d7FOItYEdbnaZIhhmg/apa8/jPwKFkDXD9eNqWC3w0JzY5wjtZADiBA==
2015-01-27T18:30:08|My super secret information.
fdsqSyHBJjlwD0jYfOUZM2FrONG6Fk5d7FOItYEdbnaZIhhmg/apa8/jPwKFkDXD9eNqWC3w0JzY5wjtZADiBA==
2015-01-27T18:30:08|My super secret information.
$ node aes256cbc.js && php aes256cbc.php
fdsqSyHBJjlwD0jYfOUZM4SRfi6jG5EoDFEF6d9xCIyluXSiMaKlhd89ovpeOz/YyEIlPbYR4ly00gf6hWfKHw==
2015-01-27T18:30:45|My super secret information.
fdsqSyHBJjlwD0jYfOUZM4SRfi6jG5EoDFEF6d9xCIyluXSiMaKlhd89ovpeOz/YyEIlPbYR4ly00gf6hWfKHw==
2015-01-27T18:30:45|My super secret information.
ノート:
「タイムスタンプ|メッセージ」形式を使用して、中間者攻撃を回避します。たとえば、暗号化されたメッセージに認証対象の ID が含まれている場合、MitM はメッセージをキャプチャし、再認証が必要になるたびに再送信できます。
したがって、暗号化されたメッセージのタイムスタンプがわずかな時間間隔内にあることを確認できました。このように、タイムスタンプのために同じメッセージが毎秒異なる方法で暗号化され、この一定の時間間隔以外では使用できませんでした。
編集:
ここで、初期化ベクトル (IV) を誤用していました。@ArtjomBとして。説明すると、IV は暗号化されたメッセージの最初の部分であり、ランダムな値である必要があります。hmac
メッセージが有効なソースから発信されたことを検証するために、HTTP ヘッダー ( ) で値を使用することもお勧めしますx-hmac: *value*
(ただし、これは、前述の「再送信」メッセージの問題には対処しません)。
hmac
これは、暗号化されたメッセージの一部としての for php および node と IV を含む改善されたバージョンです。
aes256cbc.js (v2)
var crypto = require('crypto');
var encrypt = function (message, method, secret, hmac) {
//var iv = crypto.randomBytes(16).toString('hex').substr(0,16); //use this in production
var iv = secret.substr(0,16); //using this for testing purposes (to have the same encryption IV in PHP and Node encryptors)
var encryptor = crypto.createCipheriv(method, secret, iv);
var encrypted = new Buffer(iv).toString('base64') + encryptor.update(message, 'utf8', 'base64') + encryptor.final('base64');
hmac.value = crypto.createHmac('md5', secret).update(encrypted).digest('hex');
return encrypted;
};
var decrypt = function (encrypted, method, secret, hmac) {
if (crypto.createHmac('md5', secret).update(encrypted).digest('hex') == hmac.value) {
var iv = new Buffer(encrypted.substr(0, 24), 'base64').toString();
var decryptor = crypto.createDecipheriv(method, secret, iv);
return decryptor.update(encrypted.substr(24), 'base64', 'utf8') + decryptor.final('utf8');
}
};
var encryptWithTSValidation = function (message, method, secret, hmac) {
var messageTS = new Date().toISOString().substr(0,19) + message;
return encrypt(messageTS, method, secret, hmac);
}
var decryptWithTSValidation = function (encrypted, method, secret, hmac, intervalThreshold) {
var decrypted = decrypt(encrypted, method, secret, hmac);
var now = new Date();
var year = parseInt(decrypted.substr(0,4)), month = parseInt(decrypted.substr(5,2)) - 1,
day = parseInt(decrypted.substr(8,2)), hour = parseInt(decrypted.substr(11,2)),
minute = parseInt(decrypted.substr(14,2)), second = parseInt(decrypted.substr(17,2));
var msgDate = new Date(Date.UTC(year, month, day, hour, minute, second))
if (Math.round((now - msgDate) / 1000) <= intervalThreshold) {
return decrypted.substr(19);
}
}
var message = 'My super secret information.';
var method = 'AES-256-CBC';
var secret = "My32charPasswordAndInitVectorStr"; //must be 32 char length
var hmac = {};
//var encrypted = encrypt(message, method, secret, hmac);
//var decrypted = decrypt(encrypted, method, secret, hmac);
var encrypted = encryptWithTSValidation(message, method, secret, hmac);
var decrypted = decryptWithTSValidation(encrypted, method, secret, hmac, 60*60*12); //60*60m*12=12h
console.log("Use HTTP header 'x-hmac: " + hmac.value + "' for validating against MitM-attacks.");
console.log("Encrypted: " + encrypted);
console.log("Decrypted: " + decrypted);
crypto.createHmac(...).digest('hex')
で消化されることに注意してくださいhex
。これは、PHP のデフォルトですhmac
。
aes256cbc.php (v2)
<?php
function encrypt ($message, $method, $secret, &$hmac) {
//$iv = substr(bin2hex(openssl_random_pseudo_bytes(16)),0,16); //use this in production
$iv = substr($secret, 0, 16); //using this for testing purposes (to have the same encryption IV in PHP and Node encryptors)
$encrypted = base64_encode($iv) . openssl_encrypt($message, $method, $secret, 0, $iv);
$hmac = hash_hmac('md5', $encrypted, $secret);
return $encrypted;
}
function decrypt ($encrypted, $method, $secret, $hmac) {
if (hash_hmac('md5', $encrypted, $secret) == $hmac) {
$iv = base64_decode(substr($encrypted, 0, 24));
return openssl_decrypt(substr($encrypted, 24), $method, $secret, 0, $iv);
}
}
function encryptWithTSValidation ($message, $method, $secret, &$hmac) {
date_default_timezone_set('UTC');
$message = substr(date('c'),0,19) . "$message";
return encrypt($message, $method, $secret, $hmac);
}
function decryptWithTSValidation ($encrypted, $method, $secret, $hmac, $intervalThreshold) {
$decrypted = decrypt($encrypted, $method, $secret, $hmac);
$now = new DateTime();
$msgDate = new DateTime(str_replace("T"," ",substr($decrypted,0,19)));
if (($now->getTimestamp() - $msgDate->getTimestamp()) <= $intervalThreshold) {
return substr($decrypted,19);
}
}
$message = "My super secret information.";
$method = "AES-256-CBC";
$secret = "My32charPasswordAndInitVectorStr"; //must be 32 char length
//$encrypted = encrypt($message, $method, $secret, $hmac);
//$decrypted = decrypt($encrypted, $method, $secret, $hmac);
$encrypted = encryptWithTSValidation($message, $method, $secret, $hmac);
$decrypted = decryptWithTSValidation($encrypted, $method, $secret, $hmac, 60*60*12); //60*60m*12=12h
echo "Use HTTP header 'x-hmac: $hmac' for validating against MitM-attacks.\n";
echo "Encrypted: $encrypted\n";
echo "Decrypted: $decrypted\n";
?>
いくつかの実行例を次に示します。
$ node aes256cbc.js && php aes256cbc.php
Use HTTP header 'x-hmac: 6862972ef0f463bf48523fc9e334bb42' for validating against MitM-attacks.
Encrypted: YjE0ZzNyMHNwVm50MGswbQ==I6cAKeoxeSP5TGgtK59PotB/iG2BUSU8Y6NhAhVabN9UB+ZCTn7q2in4JyLwQiGN
Decrypted: My super secret information.
Use HTTP header 'x-hmac: 6862972ef0f463bf48523fc9e334bb42' for validating against MitM-attacks.
Encrypted: YjE0ZzNyMHNwVm50MGswbQ==I6cAKeoxeSP5TGgtK59PotB/iG2BUSU8Y6NhAhVabN9UB+ZCTn7q2in4JyLwQiGN
Decrypted: My super secret information.
$ node aes256cbc.js && php aes256cbc.php
Use HTTP header 'x-hmac: b2e63f216acde938a82142220652cf59' for validating against MitM-attacks.
Encrypted: YjE0ZzNyMHNwVm50MGswbQ==YsFRdKzCLuCk7Yg+U+S1CSgYBBR8dkZytORm8xwEDmD9WB1mpqC3XnSrB+wR3/KW
Decrypted: My super secret information.
Use HTTP header 'x-hmac: b2e63f216acde938a82142220652cf59' for validating against MitM-attacks.
Encrypted: YjE0ZzNyMHNwVm50MGswbQ==YsFRdKzCLuCk7Yg+U+S1CSgYBBR8dkZytORm8xwEDmD9WB1mpqC3XnSrB+wR3/KW
Decrypted: My super secret information.
$ node aes256cbc.js && php aes256cbc.php
Use HTTP header 'x-hmac: 73181744453d55eb6f81896ffd284cd8' for validating against MitM-attacks.
Encrypted: YjE0ZzNyMHNwVm50MGswbQ==YsFRdKzCLuCk7Yg+U+S1CTGik4Lv9PnWuEg5SiADJcdKX1to0LrNKmuCiYIweBAZ
Decrypted: My super secret information.
Use HTTP header 'x-hmac: 73181744453d55eb6f81896ffd284cd8' for validating against MitM-attacks.
Encrypted: YjE0ZzNyMHNwVm50MGswbQ==YsFRdKzCLuCk7Yg+U+S1CTGik4Lv9PnWuEg5SiADJcdKX1to0LrNKmuCiYIweBAZ
Decrypted: My super secret information.
$ node aes256cbc.js && php aes256cbc.php
Use HTTP header 'x-hmac: 5372ecca442d65f582866cf3b24cb2b6' for validating against MitM-attacks.
Encrypted: YjE0ZzNyMHNwVm50MGswbQ==YsFRdKzCLuCk7Yg+U+S1CYEITF6aozBNp7bA54qY0Ugg9v6ktwoH6nqRyatkFqy8
Decrypted: My super secret information.
Use HTTP header 'x-hmac: 5372ecca442d65f582866cf3b24cb2b6' for validating against MitM-attacks.
Encrypted: YjE0ZzNyMHNwVm50MGswbQ==YsFRdKzCLuCk7Yg+U+S1CYEITF6aozBNp7bA54qY0Ugg9v6ktwoH6nqRyatkFqy8
Decrypted: My super secret information.
最後になりましたが、php に openssl mod がインストールされていない場合は、mcrypt
代わりに次のようrijndael128
にpkcs7
パディング ( source )を使用できます。
aes256cbc-mcrypt.php (v2)
<?php
function pkcs7pad($message) {
$padding = 16 - (strlen($message) % 16);
return $message . str_repeat(chr($padding), $padding);
}
function pkcs7unpad($message) {
$padding = ord(substr($message, -1)); //get last char and transform it to Int
return substr($message, 0, -$padding); //remove the last 'padding' string
}
function encrypt ($message, $method, $secret, &$hmac) {
//$iv = substr(bin2hex(mcrypt_create_iv(mcrypt_get_iv_size($method, MCRYPT_MODE_CBC), MCRYPT_DEV_URANDOM)),0,16); //use this in production
$iv = substr($secret, 0, 16); //using this for testing purposes (to have the same encryption IV in PHP and Node encryptors)
$message = pkcs7pad($message);
$encrypted = base64_encode($iv) . base64_encode(mcrypt_encrypt($method, $secret, $message, MCRYPT_MODE_CBC, $iv));
$hmac = hash_hmac('md5', $encrypted, $secret);
return $encrypted;
}
function decrypt ($encrypted, $method, $secret, $hmac) {
if (hash_hmac('md5', $encrypted, $secret) == $hmac) {
$iv = base64_decode(substr($encrypted, 0, 24));
return pkcs7unpad(mcrypt_decrypt($method, $secret , base64_decode(substr($encrypted, 24)) , MCRYPT_MODE_CBC, $iv));
}
}
function encryptWithTSValidation ($message, $method, $secret, &$hmac) {
date_default_timezone_set('UTC');
$message = substr(date('c'),0,19) . "$message";
return encrypt($message, $method, $secret, $hmac);
}
function decryptWithTSValidation ($encrypted, $method, $secret, $hmac, $intervalThreshold) {
$decrypted = decrypt($encrypted, $method, $secret, $hmac);
$now = new DateTime();
//echo "Decrypted: $decrypted\n";
$msgDate = new DateTime(str_replace("T"," ",substr($decrypted,0,19)));
if (($now->getTimestamp() - $msgDate->getTimestamp()) <= $intervalThreshold) {
return substr($decrypted,19);
}
}
$message = "My super secret information.";
$method = MCRYPT_RIJNDAEL_128;
$secret = "My32charPasswordAndInitVectorStr"; //must be 32 char length
//$encrypted = encrypt($message, $method, $secret, $hmac);
//$decrypted = decrypt($encrypted, $method, $secret, $hmac);
$encrypted = encryptWithTSValidation($message, $method, $secret, $hmac);
$decrypted = decryptWithTSValidation($encrypted, $method, $secret, $hmac, 60*60*12); //60*60m*12=12h
echo "Use HTTP header 'x-hmac: $hmac' for validating against MitM-attacks.\n";
echo "Encrypted: $encrypted\n";
echo "Decrypted: $decrypted\n";
?>
もちろん、次のいくつかのテスト:
$ php aes256cbc-mcrypt.php && node aes256cbc.js
Use HTTP header 'x-hmac: 801282a9ed6b2d5bd2254140d7a17582' for validating against MitM-attacks.
Encrypted: YjE0ZzNyMHNwVm50MGswbQ==ipQ+Yah8xoF0C6yjCJr8v9IyatyGeNT2yebrpJZ5xH73H5fFcV1zhqhRGwM0ToGU
Decrypted: My super secret information.
Use HTTP header 'x-hmac: 801282a9ed6b2d5bd2254140d7a17582' for validating against MitM-attacks.
Encrypted: YjE0ZzNyMHNwVm50MGswbQ==ipQ+Yah8xoF0C6yjCJr8v9IyatyGeNT2yebrpJZ5xH73H5fFcV1zhqhRGwM0ToGU
Decrypted: My super secret information.
$ php aes256cbc-mcrypt.php && node aes256cbc.js
Use HTTP header 'x-hmac: 0ab2bc83108e1e250f6ecd483cd65329' for validating against MitM-attacks.
Encrypted: YjE0ZzNyMHNwVm50MGswbQ==ipQ+Yah8xoF0C6yjCJr8v79P+j4YUl8ln8eu7FDqEdbxMe1Z7BvW8iVUN1qFCiHM
Decrypted: My super secret information.
Use HTTP header 'x-hmac: 0ab2bc83108e1e250f6ecd483cd65329' for validating against MitM-attacks.
Encrypted: YjE0ZzNyMHNwVm50MGswbQ==ipQ+Yah8xoF0C6yjCJr8v79P+j4YUl8ln8eu7FDqEdbxMe1Z7BvW8iVUN1qFCiHM
Decrypted: My super secret information.