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タイトルが示すように、私は Entity Framework 6 を使用しています。 Update-Database を呼び出すと、シード メソッドが失敗します。

SimpleMembershipProvider userMgr = new SimpleMembershipProvider();

if (WebSecurity.Initialized)
{
   if (userMgr.GetUser("administrator", false) == null) //--> Throws the exception
   {
      userMgr.CreateUserAndAccount("administrator", "password", false, null)
      ...
   }
}

そして、スローされる例外:

System.InvalidOperationException: You must call the "WebSecurity.InitializeDatabaseConnection" method before you call any other method of the "WebSecurity" class. This call should be placed in an _AppStart.cshtml file in the root of your site.
   at WebMatrix.WebData.SimpleMembershipProvider.get_PreviousProvider()
   at WebMatrix.WebData.SimpleMembershipProvider.GetUser(String username, Boolean userIsOnline)
   at SomeProject.Migrations.Configuration.Seed(SomeProjectDB context) in c:\Users\Me\Documents\Visual Studio 2013\Projects\SomeProject\SomeProject 2.0\Migrations\Configuration.cs:line 73
   ...
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