これを RichTextBox と RTF で実装しようとすると、すぐに多くの制限に遭遇し、自分で機能を実装した場合よりも、違いに対処するのに多くの時間を費やしていることに気付くでしょう。
実際、WPF を使用して VT100 端末エミュレーションを実装するのは非常に簡単です。たった今、ほぼ完全な VT100 エミュレーターを 1 時間ほどで実装したからです。正確には、以下を除くすべてを実装しました。
- キーボード入力、
- 代替文字セット、
- 私が見たことのないいくつかの難解な VT100 モードが使用されています。
最も興味深い部分は次のとおりです。
- RenderTransform と RenderTransformOrigin を使用した double width / double height 文字
- すべてのキャラクターが一緒に点滅するように、共有オブジェクトでアニメーションを使用したまばたき
- VT100 ディスプレイのように見えるようにグリッドと長方形を使用した下線
- セル自体にフラグを設定し、DataTriggers を使用して表示を変更するカーソルと選択範囲
- スクロールと選択を容易にするために、同じオブジェクトを指す 1 次元配列とネストされた配列の両方を使用する
XAML は次のとおりです。
<Style TargetType="my:VT100Terminal">
<Setter Property="Template">
<Setter.Value>
<ControlTemplate TargetType="my:VT100Terminal">
<DockPanel>
<!-- Add status bars, etc to the DockPanel at this point -->
<ContentPresenter Content="{Binding Display}" />
</DockPanel>
</ControlTemplate>
</Setter.Value>
</Setter>
</Style>
<ItemsPanelTemplate x:Key="DockPanelLayout">
<DockPanel />
</ItemsPanelTemplate>
<DataTemplate DataType="{x:Type my:TerminalDisplay}">
<ItemsControl ItemsSource="{Binding Lines}" TextElement.FontFamily="Courier New">
<ItemsControl.ItemTemplate>
<DataTemplate>
<ItemsControl ItemsSource="{Binding}" ItemsPanel="{StaticResource DockPanelLayout}" />
</DataTemplate>
</ItemsControl.ItemTemplate>
</ItemsControl>
</DataTemplate>
<DataTemplate DataType="{x:Type my:TerminalCell}">
<Grid>
<TextBlock x:Name="tb"
Text="{Binding Character}"
Foreground="{Binding Foreground}"
Background="{Binding Background}"
FontWeight="{Binding FontWeight}"
RenderTransformOrigin="{Binding TranformOrigin}">
<TextBlock.RenderTransform>
<ScaleTransform ScaleX="{Binding ScaleX}" ScaleY="{Binding ScaleY}" />
</TextBlock.RenderTransform>
</TextBlock>
<Rectangle Visibility="{Binding UnderlineVisiblity}" Height="1" HorizontalAlignment="Stretch" VerticalAlignment="Bottom" Margin="0 0 0 2" />
</Grid>
<DataTemplate.Triggers>
<DataTrigger Binding="{Binding IsCursor}" Value="true">
<Setter TargetName="tb" Property="Foreground" Value="{Binding Background}" />
<Setter TargetName="tb" Property="Background" Value="{Binding Foreground}" />
</DataTrigger>
<DataTrigger Binding="{Binding IsMouseSelected}" Value="true">
<Setter TargetName="tb" Property="Foreground" Value="White" />
<Setter TargetName="tb" Property="Background" Value="Blue" />
</DataTrigger>
</DataTemplate.Triggers>
</DataTemplate>
コードは次のとおりです。
public class VT100Terminal : Control
{
bool _selecting;
static VT100Terminal()
{
DefaultStyleKeyProperty.OverrideMetadata(typeof(VT100Terminal), new FrameworkPropertyMetadata(typeof(VT100Terminal)));
}
// Display
public TerminalDisplay Display { get { return (TerminalDisplay)GetValue(DisplayProperty); } set { SetValue(DisplayProperty, value); } }
public static readonly DependencyProperty DisplayProperty = DependencyProperty.Register("Display", typeof(TerminalDisplay), typeof(VT100Terminal));
public VT100Terminal()
{
Display = new TerminalDisplay();
MouseLeftButtonDown += HandleMouseMessage;
MouseMove += HandleMouseMessage;
MouseLeftButtonUp += HandleMouseMessage;
KeyDown += HandleKeyMessage;
CommandBindings.Add(new CommandBinding(ApplicationCommands.Copy, ExecuteCopy, CanExecuteCopy));
}
public void ProcessCharacter(char ch)
{
Display.ProcessCharacter(ch);
}
private void HandleMouseMessage(object sender, MouseEventArgs e)
{
if(!_selecting && e.RoutedEvent != Mouse.MouseDownEvent) return;
if(e.RoutedEvent == Mouse.MouseUpEvent) _selecting = false;
var block = e.Source as TextBlock; if(block==null) return;
var cell = ((TextBlock)e.Source).DataContext as TerminalCell; if(cell==null) return;
var index = Display.GetIndex(cell); if(index<0) return;
if(e.GetPosition(block).X > block.ActualWidth/2) index++;
if(e.RoutedEvent == Mouse.MouseDownEvent)
{
Display.SelectionStart = index;
_selecting = true;
}
Display.SelectionEnd = index;
}
private void HandleKeyMessage(object sender, KeyEventArgs e)
{
// TODO: Code to covert e.Key to VT100 codes and report keystrokes to client
}
private void CanExecuteCopy(object sender, CanExecuteRoutedEventArgs e)
{
if(Display.SelectedText!="") e.CanExecute = true;
}
private void ExecuteCopy(object sender, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)
{
if(Display.SelectedText!="")
{
Clipboard.SetText(Display.SelectedText);
e.Handled = true;
}
}
}
public enum CharacterDoubling
{
Normal = 5,
Width = 6,
HeightUpper = 3,
HeightLower = 4,
}
public class TerminalCell : INotifyPropertyChanged
{
char _character;
Brush _foreground, _background;
CharacterDoubling _doubling;
bool _isBold, _isUnderline;
bool _isCursor, _isMouseSelected;
public char Character { get { return _character; } set { _character = value; Notify("Character", "Text"); } }
public Brush Foreground { get { return _foreground; } set { _foreground = value; Notify("Foreground"); } }
public Brush Background { get { return _background; } set { _background = value; Notify("Background"); } }
public CharacterDoubling Doubling { get { return _doubling; } set { _doubling = value; Notify("Doubling", "ScaleX", "ScaleY", "TransformOrigin"); } }
public bool IsBold { get { return _isBold; } set { _isBold = value; Notify("IsBold", "FontWeight"); } }
public bool IsUnderline { get { return _isUnderline; } set { _isUnderline = value; Notify("IsUnderline", "UnderlineVisibility"); } }
public bool IsCursor { get { return _isCursor; } set { _isCursor = value; Notify("IsCursor"); } }
public bool IsMouseSelected { get { return _isMouseSelected; } set { _isMouseSelected = value; Notify("IsMouseSelected"); } }
public string Text { get { return Character.ToString(); } }
public int ScaleX { get { return Doubling!=CharacterDoubling.Normal ? 2 : 1; } }
public int ScaleY { get { return Doubling==CharacterDoubling.HeightUpper || Doubling==CharacterDoubling.HeightLower ? 2 : 1; } }
public Point TransformOrigin { get { return Doubling==CharacterDoubling.HeightLower ? new Point(1,0) : new Point(0,0); } }
public FontWeight FontWeight { get { return IsBold ? FontWeights.Bold : FontWeights.Normal; } }
public Visibility UnderlineVisibility { get { return IsUnderline ? Visibility.Visible : Visibility.Hidden; } }
// INotifyPropertyChanged implementation
private void Notify(params string[] propertyNames) { foreach(string name in propertyNames) Notify(name); }
private void Notify(string propertyName)
{
if(PropertyChanged!=null)
PropertyChanged(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs(propertyName));
}
public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged;
}
public class TerminalDisplay : INotifyPropertyChanged
{
// Basic state
private TerminalCell[] _buffer;
private TerminalCell[][] _lines;
private int _height, _width;
private int _row, _column; // Cursor position
private int _scrollTop, _scrollBottom;
private List<int> _tabStops;
private int _selectStart, _selectEnd; // Text selection
private int _saveRow, _saveColumn; // Saved location
// Escape character processing
string _escapeChars, _escapeArgs;
// Modes
private bool _vt52Mode;
private bool _autoWrapMode;
// current attributes
private bool _boldMode, _lowMode, _underlineMode, _blinkMode, _reverseMode, _invisibleMode;
// saved attributes
private bool _saveboldMode, _savelowMode, _saveunderlineMode, _saveblinkMode, _savereverseMode, _saveinvisibleMode;
private Color _foreColor, _backColor;
private CharacterDoubling _doubleMode;
// Computed from current mode
private Brush _foreground;
private Brush _background;
// Hidden control used to synchronize blinking
private FrameworkElement _blinkMaster;
public TerminalDisplay()
{
Reset();
}
public void Reset()
{
_height = 24;
_width = 80;
_row = 0;
_column = 0;
_scrollTop = 0;
_scrollBottom = _height;
_vt52Mode = false;
_autoWrapMode = true;
_selectStart = 0;
_selectEnd = 0;
_tabStops = new List<int>();
ResetBuffer();
ResetCharacterModes();
UpdateBrushes();
_saveboldMode = _savelowMode = _saveunderlineMode = _saveblinkMode = _savereverseMode = _saveinvisibleMode = false;
_saveRow = _saveColumn = 0;
}
private void ResetBuffer()
{
_buffer = (from i in Enumerable.Range(0, Width * Height) select new TerminalCell()).ToArray();
UpdateSelection();
UpdateLines();
}
private void ResetCharacterModes()
{
_boldMode = _lowMode = _underlineMode = _blinkMode = _reverseMode = _invisibleMode = false;
_doubleMode = CharacterDoubling.Normal;
_foreColor = Colors.White;
_backColor = Colors.Black;
}
public int Height { get { return _height; } set { _height = value; ResetBuffer(); } }
public int Width { get { return _width; } set { _width = value; ResetBuffer(); } }
public int Row { get { return _row; } set { CursorCell.IsCursor = false; _row=value; CursorCell.IsCursor = true; Notify("Row", "CursorCell"); } }
public int Column { get { return _column; } set { CursorCell.IsCursor = false; _column=value; CursorCell.IsCursor = true; Notify("Row", "CursorCell"); } }
public int SelectionStart { get { return _selectStart; } set { _selectStart = value; UpdateSelection(); Notify("SelectionStart", "SelectedText"); } }
public int SelectionEnd { get { return _selectEnd; } set { _selectEnd = value; UpdateSelection(); Notify("SelectionEnd", "SelectedText"); } }
public TerminalCell[][] Lines { get { return _lines; } }
public TerminalCell CursorCell { get { return GetCell(_row, _column); } }
public TerminalCell GetCell(int row, int column)
{
if(row<0 || row>=Height || column<0 || column>=Width)
return new TerminalCell();
return _buffer[row*Height + column];
}
public int GetIndex(int row, int column)
{
return row * Height + column;
}
public int GetIndex(TerminalCell cell)
{
return Array.IndexOf(_buffer, cell);
}
public string SelectedText
{
get
{
int start = Math.Min(_selectStart, _selectEnd);
int end = Math.Max(_selectStart, _selectEnd);
if(start==end) return string.Empty;
var builder = new StringBuilder();
for(int i=start; i<end; i++)
{
if(i!=start && (i%Width==0))
{
while(builder.Length>0 && builder[builder.Length-1]==' ')
builder.Length--;
builder.Append("\r\n");
}
builder.Append(_buffer[i].Character);
}
return builder.ToString();
}
}
/////////////////////////////////
public void ProcessCharacter(char ch)
{
if(_escapeChars!=null)
{
ProcessEscapeCharacter(ch);
return;
}
switch(ch)
{
case '\x1b': _escapeChars = ""; _escapeArgs = ""; break;
case '\r': Column = 0; break;
case '\n': NextRowWithScroll();break;
case '\t':
Column = (from stop in _tabStops where stop>Column select (int?)stop).Min() ?? Width - 1;
break;
default:
CursorCell.Character = ch;
FormatCell(CursorCell);
if(CursorCell.Doubling!=CharacterDoubling.Normal) ++Column;
if(++Column>=Width)
if(_autoWrapMode)
{
Column = 0;
NextRowWithScroll();
}
else
Column--;
break;
}
}
private void ProcessEscapeCharacter(char ch)
{
if(_escapeChars.Length==0 && "78".IndexOf(ch)>=0)
{
_escapeChars += ch.ToString();
}
else if(_escapeChars.Length>0 && "()Y".IndexOf(_escapeChars[0])>=0)
{
_escapeChars += ch.ToString();
if(_escapeChars.Length != (_escapeChars[0]=='Y' ? 3 : 2)) return;
}
else if(ch==';' || char.IsDigit(ch))
{
_escapeArgs += ch.ToString();
return;
}
else
{
_escapeChars += ch.ToString();
if("[#?()Y".IndexOf(ch)>=0) return;
}
ProcessEscapeSequence();
_escapeChars = null;
_escapeArgs = null;
}
private void ProcessEscapeSequence()
{
if(_escapeChars.StartsWith("Y"))
{
Row = (int)_escapeChars[1] - 64;
Column = (int)_escapeChars[2] - 64;
return;
}
if(_vt52Mode && (_escapeChars=="D" || _escapeChars=="H")) _escapeChars += "_";
var args = _escapeArgs.Split(';');
int? arg0 = args.Length>0 && args[0]!="" ? int.Parse(args[0]) : (int?)null;
int? arg1 = args.Length>1 && args[1]!="" ? int.Parse(args[1]) : (int?)null;
switch(_escapeChars)
{
case "[A": case "A": Row -= Math.Max(arg0??1, 1); break;
case "[B": case "B": Row += Math.Max(arg0??1, 1); break;
case "[c": case "C": Column += Math.Max(arg0??1, 1); break;
case "[D": case "D": Column -= Math.Max(arg0??1, 1); break;
case "[f":
case "[H": case "H_":
Row = Math.Max(arg0??1, 1) - 1; Column = Math.Max(arg0??1, 1) - 1;
break;
case "M": PriorRowWithScroll(); break;
case "D_": NextRowWithScroll(); break;
case "E": NextRowWithScroll(); Column = 0; break;
case "[r": _scrollTop = (arg0??1)-1; _scrollBottom = (arg0??_height); break;
case "H": if(!_tabStops.Contains(Column)) _tabStops.Add(Column); break;
case "g": if(arg0==3) _tabStops.Clear(); else _tabStops.Remove(Column); break;
case "[J": case "J":
switch(arg0??0)
{
case 0: ClearRange(Row, Column, Height, Width); break;
case 1: ClearRange(0, 0, Row, Column + 1); break;
case 2: ClearRange(0, 0, Height, Width); break;
}
break;
case "[K": case "K":
switch(arg0??0)
{
case 0: ClearRange(Row, Column, Row, Width); break;
case 1: ClearRange(Row, 0, Row, Column + 1); break;
case 2: ClearRange(Row, 0, Row, Width); break;
}
break;
case "?l":
case "?h":
var h = _escapeChars=="?h";
switch(arg0)
{
case 2: _vt52Mode = h; break;
case 3: Width = h ? 132 : 80; ResetBuffer(); break;
case 7: _autoWrapMode = h; break;
}
break;
case "<": _vt52Mode = false; break;
case "m":
if (args.Length == 0) ResetCharacterModes();
foreach(var arg in args)
switch(arg)
{
case "0": ResetCharacterModes(); break;
case "1": _boldMode = true; break;
case "2": _lowMode = true; break;
case "4": _underlineMode = true; break;
case "5": _blinkMode = true; break;
case "7": _reverseMode = true; break;
case "8": _invisibleMode = true; break;
}
UpdateBrushes();
break;
case "#3": case "#4": case "#5": case "#6":
_doubleMode = (CharacterDoubling)((int)_escapeChars[1] - (int)'0');
break;
case "[s": _saveRow = Row; _saveColumn = Column; break;
case "7": _saveRow = Row; _saveColumn = Column;
_saveboldMode = _boldMode; _savelowMode = _lowMode;
_saveunderlineMode = _underlineMode; _saveblinkMode = _blinkMode;
_savereverseMode = _reverseMode; _saveinvisibleMode = _invisibleMode;
break;
case "[u": Row = _saveRow; Column = _saveColumn; break;
case "8": Row = _saveRow; Column = _saveColumn;
_boldMode = _saveboldMode; _lowMode = _savelowMode;
_underlineMode = _saveunderlineMode; _blinkMode = _saveblinkMode;
_reverseMode = _savereverseMode; _invisibleMode = _saveinvisibleMode;
break;
case "c": Reset(); break;
// TODO: Character set selection, several esoteric ?h/?l modes
}
if(Column<0) Column=0;
if(Column>=Width) Column=Width-1;
if(Row<0) Row=0;
if(Row>=Height) Row=Height-1;
}
private void PriorRowWithScroll()
{
if(Row==_scrollTop) ScrollDown(); else Row--;
}
private void NextRowWithScroll()
{
if(Row==_scrollBottom-1) ScrollUp(); else Row++;
}
private void ScrollUp()
{
Array.Copy(_buffer, _width * (_scrollTop + 1), _buffer, _width * _scrollTop, _width * (_scrollBottom - _scrollTop - 1));
ClearRange(_scrollBottom-1, 0, _scrollBottom-1, Width);
UpdateSelection();
UpdateLines();
}
private void ScrollDown()
{
Array.Copy(_buffer, _width * _scrollTop, _buffer, _width * (_scrollTop + 1), _width * (_scrollBottom - _scrollTop - 1));
ClearRange(_scrollTop, 0, _scrollTop, Width);
UpdateSelection();
UpdateLines();
}
private void ClearRange(int startRow, int startColumn, int endRow, int endColumn)
{
int start = startRow * Width + startColumn;
int end = endRow * Width + endColumn;
for(int i=start; i<end; i++)
ClearCell(_buffer[i]);
}
private void ClearCell(TerminalCell cell)
{
cell.Character = ' ';
FormatCell(cell);
}
private void FormatCell(TerminalCell cell)
{
cell.Foreground = _foreground;
cell.Background = _background;
cell.Doubling = _doubleMode;
cell.IsBold = _boldMode;
cell.IsUnderline = _underlineMode;
}
private void UpdateSelection()
{
var cursor = _row * Width + _height;
var inSelection = false;
for(int i=0; i<_buffer.Length; i++)
{
if(i==_selectStart) inSelection = !inSelection;
if(i==_selectEnd) inSelection = !inSelection;
var cell = _buffer[i];
cell.IsCursor = i==cursor;
cell.IsMouseSelected = inSelection;
}
}
private void UpdateBrushes()
{
var foreColor = _foreColor;
var backColor = _backColor;
if(_lowMode)
{
foreColor = foreColor * 0.5f + Colors.Black * 0.5f;
backColor = backColor * 0.5f + Colors.Black * 0.5f;
}
_foreground = new SolidColorBrush(foreColor);
_background = new SolidColorBrush(backColor);
if(_reverseMode) Swap(ref _foreground, ref _background);
if(_invisibleMode) _foreground = _background;
if(_blinkMode)
{
if(_blinkMaster==null)
{
_blinkMaster = new Control();
var animation = new DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames { RepeatBehavior=RepeatBehavior.Forever, Duration=TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(1000) };
animation.KeyFrames.Add(new DiscreteDoubleKeyFrame(0));
animation.KeyFrames.Add(new DiscreteDoubleKeyFrame(1));
_blinkMaster.BeginAnimation(UIElement.OpacityProperty, animation);
}
var rect = new Rectangle { Fill = _foreground };
rect.SetBinding(UIElement.OpacityProperty, new Binding("Opacity") { Source = _blinkMaster });
_foreground = new VisualBrush { Visual = rect };
}
}
private void Swap<T>(ref T a, ref T b)
{
var temp = a;
a = b;
b = temp;
}
private void UpdateLines()
{
_lines = new TerminalCell[Height][];
for(int r=0; r<Height; r++)
{
_lines[r] = new TerminalCell[Width];
Array.Copy(_buffer, r*Height, _lines[r], 0, Width);
}
}
// INotifyPropertyChanged implementation
private void Notify(params string[] propertyNames) { foreach(string name in propertyNames) Notify(name); }
private void Notify(string propertyName)
{
if(PropertyChanged!=null)
PropertyChanged(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs(propertyName));
}
public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged;
}
視覚的なスタイリングが気に入らない場合は、TerminalCell DataTemplate を更新するだけであることに注意してください。たとえば、カーソルは実線ではなく、点滅する四角形である可能性があります。
このコードは書くのが楽しかったです。うまくいけば、それはあなたに役立つでしょう。実際に実行したことがないので、おそらく 1 つまたは 2 つ (または 3 つ) のバグがありますが、それらは簡単に解決されると思います。何か修正があれば、この回答を編集していただければ幸いです。