私は online.net で共有ホスティングを購入しました。Let's Encrypt で SSL を使用しています。
この .htaccess ファイルで 500 エラーが発生する理由がわかりません。ページは https にあり、時々 www にリダイレクトされます。
https://exemple.comのようなURLを www なしで、常に https にしたい。
この構成ファイルは、html5boilerplate.comからのものです。
# BEGIN General rules
<Files .htaccess>
order allow,deny
deny from all
</Files>
# Apache Server Configs | MIT License
# https://github.com/h5bp/server-configs-apache
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# | Error prevention |
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# Disable the pattern matching based on filenames.
#
# This setting prevents Apache from returning a 404 error as the result
# of a rewrite when the directory with the same name does not exist.
#
# https://httpd.apache.org/docs/current/content-negotiation.html#multiviews
Options -MultiViews
# ######################################################################
# # INTERNET EXPLORER #
# ######################################################################
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# | Document modes |
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# Force Internet Explorer 8/9/10 to render pages in the highest mode
# available in the various cases when it may not.
#
# https://hsivonen.fi/doctype/#ie8
#
# (!) Starting with Internet Explorer 11, document modes are deprecated.
#
# https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ie/bg182625.aspx#docmode
# http://blogs.msdn.com/b/ie/archive/2014/04/02/stay-up-to-date-with-enterprise-mode-for-internet-explorer-11.aspx
<IfModule mod_headers.c>
Header set X-UA-Compatible "IE=edge"
<FilesMatch "\.(appcache|atom|bbaw|bmp|crx|css|cur|eot|f4[abpv]|flv|geojson|gif|htc|ico|jpe?g|js|json(ld)?|m4[av]|manifest|map|mp4|oex|og[agv]|opus|otf|pdf|png|rdf|rss|safariextz|svgz?|swf|topojson|tt[cf]|txt|vcard|vcf|vtt|webapp|web[mp]|woff2?|xloc|xml|xpi)$">
Header unset X-UA-Compatible
</FilesMatch>
</IfModule>
# ######################################################################
# # MEDIA TYPES AND CHARACTER ENCODINGS #
# ######################################################################
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# | Media types |
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# Serve resources with the proper media types (f.k.a. MIME types).
#
# https://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/media-types.xhtml
# https://httpd.apache.org/docs/current/mod/mod_mime.html#addtype
<IfModule mod_mime.c>
# Data interchange
AddType application/json json map
AddType application/xml atom rdf rss xml
# JavaScript
AddType application/javascript js
# Media files
AddType image/svg+xml svg svgz
AddType image/x-icon cur ico
# Web fonts
AddType application/font-woff woff
AddType application/font-woff2 woff2
AddType application/vnd.ms-fontobject eot
# Browsers usually ignore the font media types and simply sniff
# the bytes to figure out the font type.
# https://mimesniff.spec.whatwg.org/#matching-a-font-type-pattern
#
# However, Blink and WebKit based browsers will show a warning
# in the console if the following font types are served with any
# other media types.
AddType application/x-font-ttf ttc ttf
AddType font/opentype otf
</IfModule>
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# | Character encodings |
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# Serve all resources labeled as 'text/html' or 'text/plain'
# with the media type 'charset' parameter set to 'UTF-8'.
#
# https://httpd.apache.org/docs/current/mod/core.html#adddefaultcharset
AddDefaultCharset utf-8
# - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
# Serve the following file types with the media type 'charset'
# parameter set to 'UTF-8'.
#
# https://httpd.apache.org/docs/current/mod/mod_mime.html#addcharset
<IfModule mod_mime.c>
AddCharset utf-8 .atom \
.css \
.js \
.json \
.rdf \
.rss \
.xml
</IfModule>
# ######################################################################
# # REWRITES #
# ######################################################################
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# | Rewrite engine |
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# (1) Turn on the rewrite engine (this is necessary in order for
# the 'RewriteRule' directives to work).
# https://httpd.apache.org/docs/current/mod/mod_rewrite.html#RewriteEngine
#
# (2) Enable the 'FollowSymLinks' option if it isn't already.
# https://httpd.apache.org/docs/current/mod/core.html#options
<IfModule mod_rewrite.c>
# (1)
RewriteEngine On
# (2)
Options +FollowSymlinks
</IfModule>
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# | Suppressing the 'www.' at the beginning of URLs |
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# Rewrite 'www.example.com' → 'example.com'
<IfModule mod_rewrite.c>
RewriteEngine On
RewriteCond %{HTTPS} !=on
RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^www\.(.+)$ [NC]
RewriteRule ^ http://%1%{REQUEST_URI} [R=301,L]
</IfModule>
# ######################################################################
# # SECURITY #
# ######################################################################
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# | Clickjacking |
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# Protect website against clickjacking and other types of attacks by
# informing browsers not to display the web page content in any frame.
#
# https://cure53.de/xfo-clickjacking.pdf.
# https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7034
# http://blogs.msdn.com/b/ieinternals/archive/2010/03/30/combating-clickjacking-with-x-frame-options.aspx
# https://www.owasp.org/index.php/Clickjacking
<IfModule mod_headers.c>
Header set X-Frame-Options "DENY"
<FilesMatch "\.(appcache|atom|bbaw|bmp|crx|css|cur|eot|f4[abpv]|flv|geojson|gif|htc|ico|jpe?g|js|json(ld)?|m4[av]|manifest|map|mp4|oex|og[agv]|opus|otf|pdf|png|rdf|rss|safariextz|svgz?|swf|topojson|tt[cf]|txt|vcard|vcf|vtt|webapp|web[mp]|woff2?|xloc|xml|xpi)$">
Header unset X-Frame-Options
</FilesMatch>
</IfModule>
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# | File access |
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# Block access to directories without a default document.
<IfModule mod_autoindex.c>
Options -Indexes
</IfModule>
# - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
# Block access to files that can expose sensitive information.
#
# (!) Update the '<FilesMatch>' regular expression from below to
# include any files that might end up on your production server and
# can expose sensitive information about your website. These files may
# include: configuration files, files that contain metadata about the
# project (e.g.: project dependencies), build scripts, etc..
<FilesMatch "(^#.*#|\.(bak|conf|dist|fla|in[ci]|log|psd|sh|sql|sw[op])|~)$">
<IfModule !mod_authz_core.c>
Order allow,deny
Deny from all
Satisfy All
</IfModule>
</FilesMatch>
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# | HTTP Strict Transport Security (HSTS) |
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
#
# Force client-side SSL redirection.
#
# http://www.html5rocks.com/en/tutorials/security/transport-layer-security/
# https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-websec-strict-transport-sec-14#section-6.1
# http://blogs.msdn.com/b/ieinternals/archive/2014/08/18/hsts-strict-transport-security-attacks-mitigations-deployment-https.aspx
<IfModule mod_headers.c>
Header always set Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=16070400"
</IfModule>
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# | Reducing MIME type security risks |
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# Prevent some browsers from MIME-sniffing the response.
#
# http://www.slideshare.net/hasegawayosuke/owasp-hasegawa
# http://blogs.msdn.com/b/ie/archive/2008/07/02/ie8-security-part-v-comprehensive-protection.aspx
# https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ie/gg622941.aspx
# https://mimesniff.spec.whatwg.org/
<IfModule mod_headers.c>
Header set X-Content-Type-Options "nosniff"
</IfModule>
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# | Reflected Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) attacks |
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# (1) Try to re-enable the cross-site scripting (XSS) filter built
# into most web browsers.
#
# The filter is usually enabled by default, but in some cases it
# may be disabled by the user. However, in Internet Explorer for
# example, it can be re-enabled just by sending the
# 'X-XSS-Protection' header with the value of '1'.
#
# (2) Prevent web browsers from rendering the web page if a potential
# reflected (a.k.a non-persistent) XSS attack is detected by the
# filter.
#
# By default, if the filter is enabled and browsers detect a
# reflected XSS attack, they will attempt to block the attack
# by making the smallest possible modifications to the returned
# web page.
#
# Unfortunately, in some browsers (e.g.: Internet Explorer),
# this default behavior may allow the XSS filter to be exploited,
# thereby, it's better to inform browsers to prevent the rendering
# of the page altogether, instead of attempting to modify it.
#
# https://hackademix.net/2009/11/21/ies-xss-filter-creates-xss-vulnerabilities
#
# (!) Do not rely on the XSS filter to prevent XSS attacks! Ensure that
# you are taking all possible measures to prevent XSS attacks, the
# most obvious being: validating and sanitizing your website's inputs.
#
# http://blogs.msdn.com/b/ie/archive/2008/07/02/ie8-security-part-iv-the-xss-filter.aspx
# http://blogs.msdn.com/b/ieinternals/archive/2011/01/31/controlling-the-internet-explorer-xss-filter-with-the-x-xss-protection-http-header.aspx
# https://www.owasp.org/index.php/Cross-site_Scripting_%28XSS%29
<IfModule mod_headers.c>
# (1) (2)
Header set X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block"
<FilesMatch "\.(appcache|atom|bbaw|bmp|crx|css|cur|eot|f4[abpv]|flv|geojson|gif|htc|ico|jpe?g|js|json(ld)?|m4[av]|manifest|map|mp4|oex|og[agv]|opus|otf|pdf|png|rdf|rss|safariextz|svgz?|swf|topojson|tt[cf]|txt|vcard|vcf|vtt|webapp|web[mp]|woff2?|xloc|xml|xpi)$">
Header unset X-XSS-Protection
</FilesMatch>
</IfModule>
# ######################################################################
# # WEB PERFORMANCE #
# ######################################################################
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# | Compression |
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
<IfModule mod_deflate.c>
# Force compression for mangled 'Accept-Encoding' request headers
# https://developer.yahoo.com/blogs/ydn/pushing-beyond-gzipping-25601.html
<IfModule mod_setenvif.c>
<IfModule mod_headers.c>
SetEnvIfNoCase ^(Accept-EncodXng|X-cept-Encoding|X{15}|~{15}|-{15})$ ^((gzip|deflate)\s*,?\s*)+|[X~-]{4,13}$ HAVE_Accept-Encoding
RequestHeader append Accept-Encoding "gzip,deflate" env=HAVE_Accept-Encoding
</IfModule>
</IfModule>
# - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
# Map the following filename extensions to the specified
# encoding type in order to make Apache serve the file types
# with the appropriate 'Content-Encoding' response header
# (do note that this will NOT make Apache compress them!).
#
# If these files types would be served without an appropriate
# 'Content-Enable' response header, client applications (e.g.:
# browsers) wouldn't know that they first need to uncompress
# the response, and thus, wouldn't be able to understand the
# content.
#
# https://httpd.apache.org/docs/current/mod/mod_mime.html#addencoding
<IfModule mod_mime.c>
AddEncoding gzip gz
AddEncoding gzip svgz
</IfModule>
# - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
# Make Apache serve the Zopfli compressed version of the requested
# file if it exists on the server and the browser supports 'gzip'
# compression
<IfModule mod_rewrite.c>
RewriteEngine On
ReWriteCond %{HTTP:accept-encoding} gzip
ReWriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !\.gz$
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME}.gz -f
RewriteRule ^(.+)\.(css|html|ico|js|svg|txt|xml)$ $1.$2.gz [L]
</IfModule>
<FilesMatch "\.css\.gz$">
ForceType text/css
</FilesMatch>
<FilesMatch "\.html\.gz$">
ForceType text/html
</FilesMatch>
<FilesMatch "\.ico\.gz$">
ForceType image/x-icon
</FilesMatch>
<FilesMatch "\.js\.gz$">
ForceType application/javascript
</FilesMatch>
<FilesMatch "\.svg\.gz$">
ForceType image/svg+xml
</FilesMatch>
<FilesMatch "\.txt\.gz$">
ForceType text/plain
</FilesMatch>
<FilesMatch "\.xml\.gz$">
ForceType application/xml
</FilesMatch>
<IfModule mod_headers.c>
<FilesMatch "\.(css|html|ico|js|svg|txt|xml)\.gz$">
Header merge Vary "Accept-Encoding"
</FilesMatch>
</IfModule>
# - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
# Compress all output labeled with one of the following media types.
# https://httpd.apache.org/docs/current/mod/mod_filter.html#addoutputfilterbytype
AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE "application/javascript" \
"application/json" \
"application/manifest+json" \
"application/vnd.ms-fontobject" \
"application/x-font-ttf" \
"application/xml" \
"font/opentype" \
"image/svg+xml" \
"image/vnd.microsoft.icon" \
"text/css" \
"text/html" \
"text/plain"
</IfModule>
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# | ETags |
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# Remove 'ETags' as resources are sent with far-future expires headers.
#
# https://developer.yahoo.com/performance/rules.html#etags
# https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7232#section-2.3
# 'FileETag None' doesn't work in all cases.
<IfModule mod_headers.c>
Header unset ETag
</IfModule>
FileETag None
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# | Expires headers |
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# Serve resources with far-future expires headers.
# https://httpd.apache.org/docs/current/mod/mod_expires.html
<IfModule mod_expires.c>
ExpiresActive on
ExpiresDefault "access plus 1 month"
# CSS
ExpiresByType text/css "access plus 1 year"
# Data interchange
ExpiresByType application/json "access plus 0 seconds"
ExpiresByType application/xml "access plus 0 seconds"
ExpiresByType text/xml "access plus 0 seconds"
# Favicon (cannot be renamed!) and cursor images
ExpiresByType image/x-icon "access plus 1 week"
# HTML
ExpiresByType text/html "access plus 1 hour"
# JavaScript
ExpiresByType application/javascript "access plus 1 year"
</IfModule>
# END General rules
少し早いですがお礼を ！