python - PythonでGoogleスプレッドシートからワークシートIDを取得するには?

Question

Google スプレッドシート ワークブック内の各ワークシートの URL 内でワークシート ID を取得する方法を特定したいと考えています。たとえば、このワークブックの 'sheet2' のワークシート ID は '1244369280' です。これは、URL がhttps://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1yd8qTYjRns4_OT8PbsZzH0zajvzguKS79dq6j--hnTs/edit#gid=1244369280であるためです。

私が見つけた 1 つの方法は、Google スプレッドシートの XML をプルすることです。この質問によると、ワークシート ID を取得する唯一の方法は、ワークシートの XML をストリームダウンすることですが、例は Javascript であり、私はする必要がありますこれを Python で行う

これは、Python で実行したい Javascript コードです。

  Dim worksheetFeed As WorksheetFeed
  Dim query As WorksheetQuery
  Dim worksheet As WorksheetEntry
  Dim output As New MemoryStream
  Dim xml As String
  Dim gid As String = String.Empty

  Try
    _service = New Spreadsheets.SpreadsheetsService("ServiceName")
    _service.setUserCredentials(UserId, Password)
    query = New WorksheetQuery(feedUrl)
    worksheetFeed = _service.Query(query)
    worksheet = worksheetFeed.Entries(0)

    ' Save worksheet feed to memory stream so we can 
    ' get the xml returned from the feed url and look for
    ' the gid.  Gid allows us to download the specific worksheet tab
    Using output
      worksheet.SaveToXml(output)
    End Using

    xml = Encoding.ASCII.GetString(output.ToArray())

Google スプレッドシートから XML を取得する最善の方法は Gdata を使用することだと思われるため、GData をダウンロードし、資格情報を使用して Google スプレッドシートの例を試しました。

下記参照

#!/usr/bin/python
#
# Copyright (C) 2007 Google Inc.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.


__author__ = 'api.laurabeth@gmail.com (Laura Beth Lincoln)'


try:
  from xml.etree import ElementTree
except ImportError:
  from elementtree import ElementTree
import gdata.spreadsheet.service
import gdata.service
import atom.service
import gdata.spreadsheet
import atom
import getopt
import sys
import string


class SimpleCRUD:

  def __init__(self, email, password):
    self.gd_client = gdata.spreadsheet.service.SpreadsheetsService()
    self.gd_client.email = 'chris@curalate.com'
    self.gd_client.password = 'jkjkdioerzumawya'
    self.gd_client.source = 'Spreadsheets GData Sample'
    self.gd_client.ProgrammaticLogin()
    self.curr_key = ''
    self.curr_wksht_id = ''
    self.list_feed = None

  def _PromptForSpreadsheet(self):
    # Get the list of spreadsheets
    feed = self.gd_client.GetSpreadsheetsFeed()
    self._PrintFeed(feed)
    input = raw_input('\nSelection: ')
    id_parts = feed.entry[string.atoi(input)].id.text.split('/')
    self.curr_key = id_parts[len(id_parts) - 1]

  def _PromptForWorksheet(self):
    # Get the list of worksheets
    feed = self.gd_client.GetWorksheetsFeed(self.curr_key)
    self._PrintFeed(feed)
    input = raw_input('\nSelection: ')
    id_parts = feed.entry[string.atoi(input)].id.text.split('/')
    self.curr_wksht_id = id_parts[len(id_parts) - 1]

  def _PromptForCellsAction(self):
    print ('dump\n'
           'update {row} {col} {input_value}\n'
           '\n')
    input = raw_input('Command: ')
    command = input.split(' ', 1)
    if command[0] == 'dump':
      self._CellsGetAction()
    elif command[0] == 'update':
      parsed = command[1].split(' ', 2)
      if len(parsed) == 3:
        self._CellsUpdateAction(parsed[0], parsed[1], parsed[2])
      else:
        self._CellsUpdateAction(parsed[0], parsed[1], '')
    else:
      self._InvalidCommandError(input)

  def _PromptForListAction(self):
    print ('dump\n'
           'insert {row_data} (example: insert label=content)\n'
           'update {row_index} {row_data}\n'
           'delete {row_index}\n'
           'Note: No uppercase letters in column names!\n'
           '\n')
    input = raw_input('Command: ')
    command = input.split(' ' , 1)
    if command[0] == 'dump':
      self._ListGetAction()
    elif command[0] == 'insert':
      self._ListInsertAction(command[1])
    elif command[0] == 'update':
      parsed = command[1].split(' ', 1)
      self._ListUpdateAction(parsed[0], parsed[1])
    elif command[0] == 'delete':
      self._ListDeleteAction(command[1])
    else:
      self._InvalidCommandError(input)

  def _CellsGetAction(self):
    # Get the feed of cells
    feed = self.gd_client.GetCellsFeed(self.curr_key, self.curr_wksht_id)
    self._PrintFeed(feed)

  def _CellsUpdateAction(self, row, col, inputValue):
    entry = self.gd_client.UpdateCell(row=row, col=col, inputValue=inputValue, 
        key=self.curr_key, wksht_id=self.curr_wksht_id)
    if isinstance(entry, gdata.spreadsheet.SpreadsheetsCell):
      print 'Updated!'

  def _ListGetAction(self):
    # Get the list feed
    self.list_feed = self.gd_client.GetListFeed(self.curr_key, self.curr_wksht_id)
    self._PrintFeed(self.list_feed)

  def _ListInsertAction(self, row_data):
    entry = self.gd_client.InsertRow(self._StringToDictionary(row_data), 
        self.curr_key, self.curr_wksht_id)
    if isinstance(entry, gdata.spreadsheet.SpreadsheetsList):
      print 'Inserted!'

  def _ListUpdateAction(self, index, row_data):
    self.list_feed = self.gd_client.GetListFeed(self.curr_key, self.curr_wksht_id)
    entry = self.gd_client.UpdateRow(
        self.list_feed.entry[string.atoi(index)], 
        self._StringToDictionary(row_data))
    if isinstance(entry, gdata.spreadsheet.SpreadsheetsList):
      print 'Updated!'

  def _ListDeleteAction(self, index):
    self.list_feed = self.gd_client.GetListFeed(self.curr_key, self.curr_wksht_id)
    self.gd_client.DeleteRow(self.list_feed.entry[string.atoi(index)])
    print 'Deleted!'

  def _StringToDictionary(self, row_data):
    dict = {}
    for param in row_data.split():
      temp = param.split('=')
      dict[temp[0]] = temp[1]
    return dict

  def _PrintFeed(self, feed):
    for i, entry in enumerate(feed.entry):
      if isinstance(feed, gdata.spreadsheet.SpreadsheetsCellsFeed):
        print '%s %s\n' % (entry.title.text, entry.content.text)
      elif isinstance(feed, gdata.spreadsheet.SpreadsheetsListFeed):
        print '%s %s %s' % (i, entry.title.text, entry.content.text)
        # Print this row's value for each column (the custom dictionary is
        # built using the gsx: elements in the entry.)
        print 'Contents:'
        for key in entry.custom:  
          print '  %s: %s' % (key, entry.custom[key].text) 
        print '\n',
      else:
        print '%s %s\n' % (i, entry.title.text)

  def _InvalidCommandError(self, input):
    print 'Invalid input: %s\n' % (input)

  def Run(self):
    self._PromptForSpreadsheet()
    self._PromptForWorksheet()
    input = raw_input('cells or list? ')
    if input == 'cells':
      while True:
        self._PromptForCellsAction()
    elif input == 'list':
      while True:
        self._PromptForListAction()


def main():
  # parse command line options
  try:
    opts, args = getopt.getopt(sys.argv[1:], "", ["user=", "pw="])
  except getopt.error, msg:
    print 'python spreadsheetExample.py --user [username] --pw [password] '
    sys.exit(2)

  user = 'fake@gmail.com'
  pw = 'fakepassword'
  key = ''
  # Process options
  for o, a in opts:
    if o == "--user":
      user = a
    elif o == "--pw":
      pw = a

  if user == '' or pw == '':
    print 'python spreadsheetExample.py --user [username] --pw [password] '
    sys.exit(2)

  sample = SimpleCRUD(user, pw)
  sample.Run()


if __name__ == '__main__':
  main()

ただし、これは次のエラーを返します。

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Users/Chris/Desktop/gdata_test.py", line 200, in <module>
    main()
  File "/Users/Chris/Desktop/gdata_test.py", line 196, in main
    sample.Run()
  File "/Users/Chris/Desktop/gdata_test.py", line 162, in Run
    self._PromptForSpreadsheet()
  File "/Users/Chris/Desktop/gdata_test.py", line 49, in _PromptForSpreadsheet
    feed = self.gd_client.GetSpreadsheetsFeed()
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/gdata/spreadsheet/service.py", line 99, in GetSpreadsheetsFeed
    converter=gdata.spreadsheet.SpreadsheetsSpreadsheetsFeedFromString)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/gdata/service.py", line 1074, in Get
    return converter(result_body)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/gdata/spreadsheet/__init__.py", line 395, in SpreadsheetsSpreadsheetsFeedFromString
    xml_string)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/atom/__init__.py", line 93, in optional_warn_function
    return f(*args, **kwargs)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/atom/__init__.py", line 127, in CreateClassFromXMLString
    tree = ElementTree.fromstring(xml_string)
  File "<string>", line 125, in XML
cElementTree.ParseError: no element found: line 1, column 0
[Finished in 0.3s with exit code 1]
[shell_cmd: python -u "/Users/Chris/Desktop/gdata_test.py"]
[dir: /Users/Chris/Desktop]
[path: /usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin]

また、Google スプレッドシートと対話する方法として Gspread を使用していることにも言及する必要がありますが、以下のコードを実行すると gid が取得されますが、ワークシート ID が必要です。

gc = gspread.authorize(credentials)
sh = gc.open_by_url('google_spreadsheet_url')
sh.get_id_fields() 
>> {'spreadsheet_id': '1BgCEn-3Nor7UxOEPwD-qv8qXe7CaveJBrn9_Lcpo4W4','worksheet_id': 'oqitk0d'}