python - Python インタープリターのセグメンテーション違反

Question

Pythonシェルを実行すると、奇妙な問題が発生します:

$ python3

Python 3.4.2 (default, Oct  8 2014, 10:45:20) 
[GCC 4.9.1] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> print('Hello') # Error appears for any command in shell

[1]    9021 segmentation fault  python3

しかし、実行するpython3 hello.pyと動作します。

私はすでにpython2.7、python3.4、およびpython3.5を試しましたが、同じエラーが発生しました。

OS デビアン 8.4

更新 1

journalctl 出力:

-- Logs begin at нд 2016-05-22 14:57:54 EEST, end at вт 2016-05-24 15:56:53 EEST. --
тра 24 15:56:53 desktop kernel: python[21150]: segfault at 0 ip           (null) sp 00007ffda62fe218 error 14 in python3[400000+3b2000]

更新 2

問題はまだ解決していませんが、別のユーザーとして実行すると正常に動作することがわかりました。私はすでに.cacheいくつかのpython関連のディレクトリ（.jupyter, .ipython）を削除しようとしましたが、結果は得られません。

アップデート 3

GDB 出力

gdb python
GNU gdb (Debian 7.7.1+dfsg-5) 7.7.1
Copyright (C) 2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>
This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.
There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.  Type "show copying"
and "show warranty" for details.
This GDB was configured as "x86_64-linux-gnu".
Type "show configuration" for configuration details.
For bug reporting instructions, please see:
<http://www.gnu.org/software/gdb/bugs/>.
Find the GDB manual and other documentation resources online at:
<http://www.gnu.org/software/gdb/documentation/>.
For help, type "help".
Type "apropos word" to search for commands related to "word"...
Reading symbols from python...(no debugging symbols found)...done.
(gdb) run
Starting program: /usr/bin/python 
[Thread debugging using libthread_db enabled]
Using host libthread_db library "/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libthread_db.so.1".
Python 2.7.9 (default, Mar  1 2015, 12:57:24) 
[GCC 4.9.2] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> print("Hello")


Program received signal SIGSEGV, Segmentation fault.
0x0000000000000000 in ?? ()
(gdb) 
(gdb) backtrace
#0  0x0000000000000000 in ?? ()
#1  0x00007ffff694892e in rl_callback_read_char () from /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libreadline.so.6
#2  0x00007ffff6b67cd5 in ?? () from /usr/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload/readline.x86_64-linux-gnu.so
#3  0x0000000000449d88 in PyOS_Readline ()
#4  0x0000000000422d2a in ?? ()
#5  0x00000000004c4e8a in ?? ()
#6  0x00000000004c460e in PyParser_ASTFromFile ()
#7  0x0000000000449b11 in PyRun_InteractiveOneFlags ()
#8  0x0000000000449937 in PyRun_InteractiveLoopFlags ()
#9  0x000000000042d96b in ?? ()
#10 0x00000000004982f2 in Py_Main ()
#11 0x00007ffff6f12b45 in __libc_start_main (main=0x497d80 <main>, argc=1, argv=0x7fffffffe748, init=<optimized out>, fini=<optimized out>, rtld_fini=<optimized out>, stack_end=0x7fffffffe738) at libc-start.c:287
#12 0x0000000000497ca0 in _start ()
(gdb) 

更新 4

次のアクションのトレース デバッグ:

python
Python 2.7.9 (default, Mar  1 2015, 12:57:24) 
[GCC 4.9.2] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> print("Hello")

[1]    17271 segmentation fault  python

そして strace ログ:

 strace -p 17271
Process 17271 attached
select(1, [0], NULL, NULL, NULL)        = 1 (in [0])
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {0x7fd8ff2f8270, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, {SIG_DFL, [], 0}, 8) = 0
read(0, "p", 1)                         = 1
write(1, "p", 1)                        = 1
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, {0x7fd8ff2f8270, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, 8) = 0
select(1, [0], NULL, NULL, NULL)        = 1 (in [0])
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {0x7fd8ff2f8270, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, 8) = 0
read(0, "r", 1)                         = 1
write(1, "r", 1)                        = 1
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, {0x7fd8ff2f8270, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, 8) = 0
select(1, [0], NULL, NULL, NULL)        = 1 (in [0])
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {0x7fd8ff2f8270, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, 8) = 0
read(0, "i", 1)                         = 1
write(1, "i", 1)                        = 1
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, {0x7fd8ff2f8270, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, 8) = 0
select(1, [0], NULL, NULL, NULL)        = 1 (in [0])
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {0x7fd8ff2f8270, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, 8) = 0
read(0, "n", 1)                         = 1
write(1, "n", 1)                        = 1
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, {0x7fd8ff2f8270, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, 8) = 0
select(1, [0], NULL, NULL, NULL)        = 1 (in [0])
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {0x7fd8ff2f8270, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, 8) = 0
read(0, "t", 1)                         = 1
write(1, "t", 1)                        = 1
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, {0x7fd8ff2f8270, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, 8) = 0
select(1, [0], NULL, NULL, NULL)        = 1 (in [0])
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {0x7fd8ff2f8270, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, 8) = 0
read(0, "(", 1)                         = 1
write(1, "(", 1)                        = 1
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, {0x7fd8ff2f8270, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, 8) = 0
select(1, [0], NULL, NULL, NULL)        = 1 (in [0])
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {0x7fd8ff2f8270, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, 8) = 0
read(0, ")", 1)                         = 1
write(1, ")", 1)                        = 1
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, {0x7fd8ff2f8270, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, 8) = 0
select(1, [0], NULL, NULL, NULL)        = 1 (in [0])
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {0x7fd8ff2f8270, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, 8) = 0
read(0, "\33", 1)                       = 1
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, {0x7fd8ff2f8270, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, 8) = 0
select(1, [0], NULL, NULL, NULL)        = 1 (in [0])
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {0x7fd8ff2f8270, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, 8) = 0
read(0, "[", 1)                         = 1
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, {0x7fd8ff2f8270, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, 8) = 0
select(1, [0], NULL, NULL, NULL)        = 1 (in [0])
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {0x7fd8ff2f8270, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, 8) = 0
read(0, "D", 1)                         = 1
write(1, "\10", 1)                      = 1
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, {0x7fd8ff2f8270, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, 8) = 0
select(1, [0], NULL, NULL, NULL)        = 1 (in [0])
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {0x7fd8ff2f8270, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, 8) = 0
read(0, "\"", 1)                        = 1
write(1, "\")\10", 3)                   = 3
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, {0x7fd8ff2f8270, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, 8) = 0
select(1, [0], NULL, NULL, NULL)        = 1 (in [0])
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {0x7fd8ff2f8270, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, 8) = 0
read(0, "\"", 1)                        = 1
write(1, "\")\10", 3)                   = 3
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, {0x7fd8ff2f8270, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, 8) = 0
select(1, [0], NULL, NULL, NULL)        = 1 (in [0])
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {0x7fd8ff2f8270, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, 8) = 0
read(0, "\33", 1)                       = 1
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, {0x7fd8ff2f8270, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, 8) = 0
select(1, [0], NULL, NULL, NULL)        = 1 (in [0])
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {0x7fd8ff2f8270, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, 8) = 0
read(0, "[", 1)                         = 1
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, {0x7fd8ff2f8270, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, 8) = 0
select(1, [0], NULL, NULL, NULL)        = 1 (in [0])
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {0x7fd8ff2f8270, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, 8) = 0
read(0, "D", 1)                         = 1
write(1, "\10", 1)                      = 1
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, {0x7fd8ff2f8270, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, 8) = 0
select(1, [0], NULL, NULL, NULL)        = 1 (in [0])
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {0x7fd8ff2f8270, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, 8) = 0
read(0, "H", 1)                         = 1
write(1, "H\")\10\10", 5)               = 5
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, {0x7fd8ff2f8270, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, 8) = 0
select(1, [0], NULL, NULL, NULL)        = 1 (in [0])
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {0x7fd8ff2f8270, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, 8) = 0
read(0, "e", 1)                         = 1
write(1, "e\")\10\10", 5)               = 5
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, {0x7fd8ff2f8270, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, 8) = 0
select(1, [0], NULL, NULL, NULL)        = 1 (in [0])
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {0x7fd8ff2f8270, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, 8) = 0
read(0, "l", 1)                         = 1
write(1, "l\")\10\10", 5)               = 5
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, {0x7fd8ff2f8270, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, 8) = 0
select(1, [0], NULL, NULL, NULL)        = 1 (in [0])
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {0x7fd8ff2f8270, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, 8) = 0
read(0, "l", 1)                         = 1
write(1, "l\")\10\10", 5)               = 5
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, {0x7fd8ff2f8270, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, 8) = 0
select(1, [0], NULL, NULL, NULL)        = 1 (in [0])
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {0x7fd8ff2f8270, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, 8) = 0
read(0, "o", 1)                         = 1
write(1, "o\")\10\10", 5)               = 5
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, {0x7fd8ff2f8270, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, 8) = 0
select(1, [0], NULL, NULL, NULL)        = 1 (in [0])
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {0x7fd8ff2f8270, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, 8) = 0
read(0, "\r", 1)                        = 1
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, {0x7fd8ff2f8270, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, 8) = 0
select(1, [0], NULL, NULL, NULL)        = 1 (in [0])
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {0x7fd8ff2f8270, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, 8) = 0
read(0, "\r", 1)                        = 1
write(1, "\n", 1)                       = 1
ioctl(0, SNDCTL_TMR_TIMEBASE or SNDRV_TIMER_IOCTL_NEXT_DEVICE or TCGETS, {B38400 opost isig -icanon -echo ...}) = 0
ioctl(0, SNDCTL_TMR_STOP or SNDRV_TIMER_IOCTL_GINFO or TCSETSW, {B38400 opost isig icanon echo ...}) = 0
ioctl(0, SNDCTL_TMR_TIMEBASE or SNDRV_TIMER_IOCTL_NEXT_DEVICE or TCGETS, {B38400 opost isig icanon echo ...}) = 0
rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, {0x7fd8ff2f8270, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7fd9005a58d0}, 8) = 0
select(1, [0], NULL, [0], {0, 500000})  = 0 (Timeout)
write(1, "\n", 1)                       = 1
--- SIGSEGV {si_signo=SIGSEGV, si_code=SEGV_MAPERR, si_addr=0} ---
+++ killed by SIGSEGV +++

更新 5

環境変数の差分 (root ユーザーでうまく機能します):

アップデート 6

通常のユーザーとして:

ldd /usr/bin/python
    linux-vdso.so.1 (0x00007ffcb1648000)
    libpthread.so.0 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpthread.so.0 (0x00007f316da1d000)
    libdl.so.2 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libdl.so.2 (0x00007f316d815000)
    libutil.so.1 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libutil.so.1 (0x00007f316d60d000)
    libz.so.1 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libz.so.1 (0x00007f316d3ed000)
    libm.so.6 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libm.so.6 (0x00007f316d0e5000)
    libc.so.6 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 (0x00007f316cd35000)
    /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x000055ca7cb3e000)

ルートとして:

ldd /usr/bin/python
    linux-vdso.so.1 (0x00007fffc8ef0000)
    libpthread.so.0 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpthread.so.0 (0x00007f79bf425000)
    libdl.so.2 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libdl.so.2 (0x00007f79bf21d000)
    libutil.so.1 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libutil.so.1 (0x00007f79bf015000)
    libz.so.1 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libz.so.1 (0x00007f79bedf5000)
    libm.so.6 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libm.so.6 (0x00007f79beaed000)
    libc.so.6 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 (0x00007f79be73d000)
    /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00005600afb99000)

Answer 1

そのため、デバッグを行った後 (コメントはチャットのように見えますが、デバッグ セッションの例としては役立つ可能性があります)、readline のセットアップ、つまりユーザー固有の~/.inputrc構成ファイル (および構成が何であれ、セグメンテーション違反は発生しないため、おそらく readline のバグだと思います)。

これは、私たちのソフトウェアがいかに複雑で壊れやすいかを示しています。なぜなら、多くの人が Python の使用を覚えていないライブラリの構成ファイルが壊れているために、Python がそのように崩壊する可能性があることは一見明らかではないからです (彼らが存在することさえ覚えていれば)。

Answer 2

セグメンテーション エラーには多くの理由があります。

例えば：

• 低メモリ
• 不良ラムメモリ
• スワップメモリ​​よりも大きなデータを取得する
• バグのあるコード
• 複数の再帰

何かを印刷しようとしているだけなので、理由1または2である可能性があります.