python - APIアクセス時のエラーハンドリング

Question

以下の for ループ内で複数の要約をダウンロードして、Python を介して API (Scopus) にアクセスしようとしています。

for t in eid:
    url = "http://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/eid/"+str(t)+"?view=FULL"
    #    url = "http://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/eid/2-s2.0-84934272190?view=FULL"
    resp2 = requests.get(url,
                         headers={'Accept':'application/json',
                         'X-ELS-APIKey': MYAPIKEY})

    retrieval = resp2.json()

    dep = retrieval['abstracts-retrieval-response']['item']['bibrecord']['head']['author-group']
    sub = retrieval['abstracts-retrieval-response']['subject-areas']['subject-area']
    iD = retrieval['abstracts-retrieval-response']['coredata']['intid']
    date = retrieval['abstracts-retrieval-response']['coredata']['prism:coverDate']

    department.append(dep)
    subj.append(sub)
    ident.append(iD)
    dates.append(date)

ただし、そうすると、以下の行に沿って次のエラーを受け取り続けます(常にforループの異なるポイントでも)。エラー処理がこれを回避する方法であると言われましたが、Python を初めて使用するので、これが何であるかわかりません。誰でも助けることができますか？ありがとう

編集: 正しい情報をすべて含むエラーメッセージ全体を次に示します (長くなって申し訳ありません)。

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\User\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\requests\packages\urllib3\connection.py", line 142, in _new_conn
    (self.host, self.port), self.timeout, **extra_kw)
  File "C:\Users\User\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\requests\packages\urllib3\util\connection.py", line 91, in create_connection
    raise err
  File "C:\Users\User\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\requests\packages\urllib3\util\connection.py", line 81, in create_connection
    sock.connect(sa)
ConnectionAbortedError: [WinError 10053] An established connection was aborted by the software in your host machine

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\User\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\requests\packages\urllib3\connectionpool.py", line 578, in urlopen
    chunked=chunked)
  File "C:\Users\User\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\requests\packages\urllib3\connectionpool.py", line 362, in _make_request
    conn.request(method, url, **httplib_request_kw)
  File "C:\Users\User\Anaconda3\lib\http\client.py", line 1106, in request
    self._send_request(method, url, body, headers)
  File "C:\Users\User\Anaconda3\lib\http\client.py", line 1151, in _send_request
    self.endheaders(body)
  File "C:\Users\User\Anaconda3\lib\http\client.py", line 1102, in endheaders
    self._send_output(message_body)
  File "C:\Users\User\Anaconda3\lib\http\client.py", line 934, in _send_output
    self.send(msg)
  File "C:\Users\User\Anaconda3\lib\http\client.py", line 877, in send
    self.connect()
  File "C:\Users\User\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\requests\packages\urllib3\connection.py", line 167, in connect
    conn = self._new_conn()
  File "C:\Users\User\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\requests\packages\urllib3\connection.py", line 151, in _new_conn
    self, "Failed to establish a new connection: %s" % e)
requests.packages.urllib3.exceptions.NewConnectionError: <requests.packages.urllib3.connection.HTTPConnection object at 0x000002058C7E1C18>: Failed to establish a new connection: [WinError 10053] An established connection was aborted by the software in your host machine

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\User\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\requests\adapters.py", line 403, in send
    timeout=timeout
  File "C:\Users\User\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\requests\packages\urllib3\connectionpool.py", line 623, in urlopen
    _stacktrace=sys.exc_info()[2])
  File "C:\Users\User\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\requests\packages\urllib3\util\retry.py", line 281, in increment
    raise MaxRetryError(_pool, url, error or ResponseError(cause))
requests.packages.urllib3.exceptions.MaxRetryError: HTTPConnectionPool(host='api.elsevier.com', port=80): Max retries exceeded with url: /content/abstract/eid/2-s2.0-84978766692?view=FULL (Caused by NewConnectionError('<requests.packages.urllib3.connection.HTTPConnection object at 0x000002058C7E1C18>: Failed to establish a new connection: [WinError 10053] An established connection was aborted by the software in your host machine',))

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 5, in <module>
  File "C:\Users\User\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\requests\api.py", line 71, in get
    return request('get', url, params=params, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\User\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\requests\api.py", line 57, in request
    return session.request(method=method, url=url, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\User\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\requests\sessions.py", line 475, in request
    resp = self.send(prep, **send_kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\User\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\requests\sessions.py", line 585, in send
    r = adapter.send(request, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\User\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\requests\adapters.py", line 467, in send
    raise ConnectionError(e, request=request)
requests.exceptions.ConnectionError: HTTPConnectionPool(host='api.elsevier.com', port=80): Max retries exceeded with url: /content/abstract/eid/2-s2.0-84978766692?view=FULL (Caused by NewConnectionError('<requests.packages.urllib3.connection.HTTPConnection object at 0x000002058C7E1C18>: Failed to establish a new connection: [WinError 10053] An established connection was aborted by the software in your host machine',))

score 0 · Accepted Answer

残念ながら、出力に記載されている「上記の例外」は含まれていません。

しかし一般的には、コードの実行中にエラーなどの例外的な状況が発生した場合、その例外をキャッチして対処することができます。例外は、何が問題なのかに関する情報を搭載したオブジェクトです。一般に例外処理は大きなテーマであり、https ://docs.python.org/3/tutorial/errors.html で読み始めることができます。

例外を処理する例は、状況と例外を報告するだけです。これにより、何がうまくいかなかったのかについての洞察が得られる可能性があります。

for t in eid:
    try:
        url = "http://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/eid/"+str(t)+"?view=FULL"
        #    url = "http://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/eid/2-s2.0-84934272190?view=FULL"
        resp2 = requests.get(url,
                             headers={'Accept':'application/json',
                             'X-ELS-APIKey': MYAPIKEY})

        retrieval = resp2.json()

        dep = retrieval['abstracts-retrieval-response']['item']['bibrecord']['head']['author-group']
        sub = retrieval['abstracts-retrieval-response']['subject-areas']['subject-area']
        iD = retrieval['abstracts-retrieval-response']['coredata']['intid']
        date = retrieval['abstracts-retrieval-response']['coredata']['prism:coverDate']

        department.append(dep)
        subj.append(sub)
        ident.append(iD)
        dates.append(date)
    except Exception as exception:
        print (url) # 'print' will only work on a console
        print (exception)

[編集]

エラーメッセージを確認したところ、接続しようとしているサーバーが接続を閉じたようです。ホストが接続を中止する理由も参照してください。原因はまったく異なるかもしれませんが。上記のコードを試して、これが常に発生するのか、特定の URL でのみ発生するのかを確認してください。

[/編集]

いくつかの再試行を組み込むには、次を使用します。

import time

nrOfTries = 10

for t in eid:
    for count in range (nrOfTries):
        try:
            url = "http://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/eid/"+str(t)+"?view=FULL"
            #    url = "http://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/eid/2-s2.0-84934272190?view=FULL"
            resp2 = requests.get(url,
                                 headers={'Accept':'application/json',
                                 'X-ELS-APIKey': MYAPIKEY})

            retrieval = resp2.json()

            dep = retrieval['abstracts-retrieval-response']['item']['bibrecord']['head']['author-group']
            sub = retrieval['abstracts-retrieval-response']['subject-areas']['subject-area']
            iD = retrieval['abstracts-retrieval-response']['coredata']['intid']
            date = retrieval['abstracts-retrieval-response']['coredata']['prism:coverDate']

            department.append(dep)
            subj.append(sub)
            ident.append(iD)
            dates.append(date)

            break   # Don't do the else

        except Exception as exception:
            print ('Problem accessing: {}' .format (url))
            print (exception)
            time.sleep (2)  # Seconds
    else:   # Done after for-loop exhausted, but not if 'break' was encountered
        print ('Gave up accessing: {}' .format (url))

NB 私はこれをテストしていませんが、一般的な考え方を伝える必要があります。「スリープ」とは、サーバーが息を止められるようにすることです...

python - APIアクセス時のエラーハンドリング

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