Your issue is that your data is not properly normalized. You are putting a 1 to n relationship into a single table. If you'd reorganize your tables like such:
Table Students
id name
1 John Smith
Table Scores
studentId score
1 75
1 83
1 96
You could do a query like:
select st.name from Students st, Score sc where st.id = sc.studentId and sc.score in ("83", "75", "96")
This also helps if you want to do other queries, like find out which students have a score of at least X, which would be otherwise impossible with your existing table layout.
If you must stick with your existing layout, which I don't recommend, however you could split up the user input and then do a query like
select from studentScore where score like '%75%' or score like '%83%' or score like '%96%'
But i really would refrain from doing so.