ruby-on-rails - NameError：RSpecとSporkでテストするときのRailsアプリの初期化されていない定数

Question

ターミナルで次のコマンドを使用して、最初のRailsアプリでテストを実行しようとしています。

rspec spec/

ただし、次のエラーが発生するだけです。

Exception encountered: #<NameError: uninitialized constant PagesController>
backtrace:
/Users/rich/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p0@abunchofletters/gems/rspec-core-2.3.0/lib/rspec/core/backward_compatibility.rb:20:in `const_missing'
/Users/rich/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p0@abunchofletters/gems/rspec-expectations-2.3.0/lib/rspec/expectations/backward_compatibility.rb:6:in `const_missing'
/Users/rich/dev/rails_projects/abunchofletters/spec/controllers/pages_controller_spec.rb:3:in `<top (required)>'
/Users/rich/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p0@abunchofletters/gems/rspec-core-2.3.0/lib/rspec/core/configuration.rb:388:in `block in load_spec_files'
/Users/rich/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p0@abunchofletters/gems/rspec-core-2.3.0/lib/rspec/core/configuration.rb:388:in `map'
/Users/rich/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p0@abunchofletters/gems/rspec-core-2.3.0/lib/rspec/core/configuration.rb:388:in `load_spec_files'
/Users/rich/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p0@abunchofletters/gems/rspec-core-2.3.0/lib/rspec/core/command_line.rb:18:in `run'
/Users/rich/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p0@abunchofletters/gems/rspec-core-2.3.0/lib/rspec/monkey/spork/test_framework/rspec.rb:4:in `run_tests'
/Users/rich/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p0@abunchofletters/gems/spork-0.9.0.rc2/lib/spork/run_strategy/forking.rb:13:in `block in run'
/Users/rich/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p0@abunchofletters/gems/spork-0.9.0.rc2/lib/spork/forker.rb:21:in `block in initialize'
/Users/rich/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p0@abunchofletters/gems/spork-0.9.0.rc2/lib/spork/forker.rb:18:in `fork'
/Users/rich/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p0@abunchofletters/gems/spork-0.9.0.rc2/lib/spork/forker.rb:18:in `initialize'
/Users/rich/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p0@abunchofletters/gems/spork-0.9.0.rc2/lib/spork/run_strategy/forking.rb:9:in `new'
/Users/rich/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p0@abunchofletters/gems/spork-0.9.0.rc2/lib/spork/run_strategy/forking.rb:9:in `run'
/Users/rich/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p0@abunchofletters/gems/spork-0.9.0.rc2/lib/spork/server.rb:47:in `run'
/Users/rich/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.2-p0/lib/ruby/1.9.1/drb/drb.rb:1558:in `perform_without_block'
/Users/rich/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.2-p0/lib/ruby/1.9.1/drb/drb.rb:1518:in `perform'
/Users/rich/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.2-p0/lib/ruby/1.9.1/drb/drb.rb:1592:in `block (2 levels) in main_loop'
/Users/rich/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.2-p0/lib/ruby/1.9.1/drb/drb.rb:1588:in `loop'

ブラウザでサイトを正常に実行でき、「Sporkの準備ができてリッスンしている」ということで、実行しているGems、RSpec、Sporkなどに問題があると思います。PagesControllerおよびRSpecテストとして作成したテストではなく、RailsTutorial.orgの本に基づいています。私は途方に暮れています。

これが私のGemfileです：

source 'http://rubygems.org'

gem 'rails', '3.0.3'
gem 'sqlite3-ruby', '1.2.5', :require => 'sqlite3'
gem 'gravatar_image_tag', '0.1.0'
gem "nokogiri", '1.4.4'
gem 'will_paginate', '3.0.pre2'

group :development do
  gem 'rspec-rails', '2.3.0'
  gem 'annotate-models', '1.0.4'
  gem 'faker', '0.3.1'
end

group :test do
  gem 'rspec', '2.3.0'
  gem 'webrat', '0.7.1'
  gem 'spork', '0.9.0.rc2'
  gem 'factory_girl_rails', '1.0'
end

私の地元の宝石リストが続きます：

abstract (1.0.0)
actionmailer (3.0.3)
actionpack (3.0.3)
activemodel (3.0.3)
activerecord (3.0.3)
activeresource (3.0.3)
activesupport (3.0.3)
annotate-models (1.0.4)
arel (2.0.6)
autotest (4.3.2)
autotest-fsevent (0.2.2)
autotest-growl (0.2.4)
autotest-rails-pure (4.1.0)
builder (2.1.2)
bundler (1.0.3)
diff-lcs (1.1.2)
erubis (2.6.6)
factory_girl (1.3.2)
factory_girl_rails (1.0)
faker (0.3.1)
gravatar_image_tag (0.1.0)
i18n (0.5.0)
mail (2.2.12)
mime-types (1.16)
nokogiri (1.4.4)
polyglot (0.3.1)
rack (1.2.1)
rack-mount (0.6.13)
rack-test (0.5.6)
rails (3.0.3)
railties (3.0.3)
rake (0.8.7)
rdoc (2.5.11)
rspec (2.3.0)
rspec-core (2.3.0)
rspec-expectations (2.3.0)
rspec-mocks (2.3.0)
rspec-rails (2.3.0)
spork (0.9.0.rc2)
sqlite3-ruby (1.2.5)
sys-uname (0.8.4)
thor (0.14.6)
treetop (1.4.9)
tzinfo (0.3.23)
webrat (0.7.1)
will_paginate (3.0.pre2)

誰かが何かアイデアを持っていますか、または私はより多くの情報を提供することによって助けることができますか？私はRailsの初心者で、時々戻ってきますが、問題が発生してから再び諦めるようです...

My Spec/spec_helper.rbファイルを更新します。

require 'rubygems'
require 'spork'

Spork.prefork do
  # Loading more in this block will cause your tests to run faster. However, 
  # if you change any configuration or code from libraries loaded here, you'll
  # need to restart spork for it take effect.
  ENV["RAILS_ENV"] ||= 'test'
  unless defined?(Rails)
    require File.dirname(__FILE__) + "/../config/environment"
  end
  require 'rspec/rails'

  # Requires supporting files with custom matchers and macros, etc,
  # in ./support/ and its subdirectories.
  Dir["#{File.dirname(__FILE__)}/support/**/*.rb"].each {|f| require f}

  Rspec.configure do |config|
    # == Mock Framework
    #
    # If you prefer to use mocha, flexmock or RR, uncomment the appropriate line:
    #
    # config.mock_with :mocha
    # config.mock_with :flexmock
    # config.mock_with :rr
    config.mock_with :rspec

    config.fixture_path = "#{::Rails.root}/spec/fixtures"

    # If you're not using ActiveRecord, or you'd prefer not to run each of your
    # examples within a transaction, comment the following line or assign false
    # instead of true.
    config.use_transactional_fixtures = true

    ### Part of a Spork hack. See http://bit.ly/arY19y
    # Emulate initializer set_clear_dependencies_hook in 
    # railties/lib/rails/application/bootstrap.rb
    ActiveSupport::Dependencies.clear
  end
end

Spork.each_run do
end

そして、spec_helperの内容が削除されたときのターミナルからの出力は次のとおりです。

No DRb server is running. Running in local process instead ...
/Users/rich/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p0@abunchofletters/gems/rspec-core-2.3.0/lib/rspec/core/backward_compatibility.rb:20:in `const_missing': uninitialized constant Object::PagesController (NameError)
    from /Users/rich/dev/rails_projects/abunchofletters/spec/controllers/pages_controller_spec.rb:3:in `<top (required)>'
    from /Users/rich/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p0@abunchofletters/gems/rspec-core-2.3.0/lib/rspec/core/configuration.rb:388:in `load'
    from /Users/rich/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p0@abunchofletters/gems/rspec-core-2.3.0/lib/rspec/core/configuration.rb:388:in `block in load_spec_files'
    from /Users/rich/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p0@abunchofletters/gems/rspec-core-2.3.0/lib/rspec/core/configuration.rb:388:in `map'
    from /Users/rich/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p0@abunchofletters/gems/rspec-core-2.3.0/lib/rspec/core/configuration.rb:388:in `load_spec_files'
    from /Users/rich/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p0@abunchofletters/gems/rspec-core-2.3.0/lib/rspec/core/command_line.rb:18:in `run'
    from /Users/rich/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p0@abunchofletters/gems/rspec-core-2.3.0/lib/rspec/core/runner.rb:55:in `run_in_process'
    from /Users/rich/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p0@abunchofletters/gems/rspec-core-2.3.0/lib/rspec/core/runner.rb:44:in `run'
    from /Users/rich/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p0@abunchofletters/gems/rspec-core-2.3.0/lib/rspec/core/runner.rb:10:in `block in autorun'

score 6 · Accepted Answer

この問題は、別のモデルの検証ルールが正しくないことが原因であることが判明しました。それは多くのランダムな考えと試みを要しましたが、エラーメッセージからの多くの助けなしに結局そこに着きました。

score 1 · Accepted Answer

Sporkをインストールしたレール3.2でこの問題が発生した場合は、次のことを行う必要があります。

を実行した後、ファイルspork rspec --bootstrapを開きますspec_helper.rb。

次のように表示されます。

require 'rubygems'
require 'spork'
#uncomment the following line to use spork with the debugger
#require 'spork/ext/ruby-debug'

Spork.prefork do
  # Loading more in this block will cause your tests to run faster. However,
  # if you change any configuration or code from libraries loaded here, you'll
  # need to restart spork for it take effect.

end

Spork.each_run do
  # This code will be run each time you run your specs.

end

# --- Instructions ---
# Sort the contents of this file into a Spork.prefork and a Spork.each_run
# block.
#
# The Spork.prefork block is run only once when the spork server is started.
# You typically want to place most of your (slow) initializer code in here, in
# particular, require'ing any 3rd-party gems that you don't normally modify
# during development.
#
# The Spork.each_run block is run each time you run your specs.  In case you
# need to load files that tend to change during development, require them here.
# With Rails, your application modules are loaded automatically, so sometimes
# this block can remain empty.
#
# Note: You can modify files loaded *from* the Spork.each_run block without
# restarting the spork server.  However, this file itself will not be reloaded,
# so if you change any of the code inside the each_run block, you still need to
# restart the server.  In general, if you have non-trivial code in this file,
# it's advisable to move it into a separate file so you can easily edit it
# without restarting spork.  (For example, with RSpec, you could move
# non-trivial code into a file spec/support/my_helper.rb, making sure that the
# spec/support/* files are require'd from inside the each_run block.)
#
# Any code that is left outside the two blocks will be run during preforking
# *and* during each_run -- that's probably not what you want.
#
# These instructions should self-destruct in 10 seconds.  If they don't, feel
# free to delete them.

ファイルの内容を次のように変更します。

require 'rubygems'
require 'spork'

Spork.prefork do

  ENV["RAILS_ENV"] ||= 'test'
  require File.expand_path("../../config/environment", __FILE__)
  require 'rspec/rails'


  RSpec.configure do |config|
    config.expect_with :rspec do |expectations|
      expectations.include_chain_clauses_in_custom_matcher_descriptions = true
    end

    config.mock_with :rspec do |mocks|
      mocks.verify_partial_doubles = true
    end

  end
end

Spork.each_run do

end

それはあなたの問題を解決するはずです。

もう1つの注意点は、rspec3.0+をsporkで使用できないことです。Sporkはメンテナンスされておらず、ruby1.9.2以下に依存するレールレガシーアプリケーションにのみ使用されます。アプリケーションがruby1.9.3+をサポートしている場合は、springをご覧ください。

score 0 · Accepted Answer

Railsチュートリアル「spork」で書かれているように、時々「ハングアップ」するので、「spork」を再起動します。

ruby-on-rails - NameError：RSpecとSporkでテストするときのRailsアプリの初期化されていない定数

3 に答える 3

次のように表示されます。

ファイルの内容を次のように変更します。

Related

Reference