android - モバイルからモバイルへのペリフェラル接続への BLE 応答

Question

ちょっと私は、BLE を使用してアプリケーションを使用してモバイルからモバイルにユーザー ID を転送するアプリケーションに取り組んでいます。中央モード。だから私がやったことは、広告を開始するペリフェラルモードとして最初のアプリを開き、バックグラウンドでサービスを開始してデバイスをスキャンし、データを読み取るための接続を確立するセントラルとして開くことです。この機能は正常に動作します。メッセージ (ユーザー ID) をペリフェラルからセントラルに送信すると、セントラルデバイスに表示されます。ここで、セントラルモードデバイスのユーザー ID をペリフェラルに送信したいと考えています。

私の理解によると、BLE ではセントラルからペリフェラルにデータを送信することはできず、セントラルからのみスキャンできます。しかし、Peripheral から特性を書き込んで何らかの応答を返すことができると聞きました。使用済み ID を応答を介して Central から Peripheral に送信することは可能ですか? やりたい

私は BLE を初めて使用するので、この機能を実行する方法がわかりません。以下で行っているコードを共有しています。

SO セントラルモードまたはバックグラウンドサービスで開始するスキャンは次のとおりです。

ガットサービス

public class GattService extends Service {
private static int NOTIFICATION_ID = 0;
public static final ParcelUuid UUID = ParcelUuid.fromString("0000FED8-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB");
public static final java.util.UUID SERVICE_UUID = java.util.UUID.fromString("00001111-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB");
public static final java.util.UUID CHAR_UUID = java.util.UUID.fromString("00002222-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB");

private BluetoothAdapter bluetoothAdapter;
private BluetoothGattServer server;
private BluetoothLeAdvertiser bluetoothLeAdvertiser;
private boolean start;

@Override
public void onCreate() {
    super.onCreate();
}

@Override
public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
    setupBluetooth();
    return Service.START_STICKY;
}

private void setupBluetooth() {

    BluetoothManager bluetoothManager = (BluetoothManager) this.getApplicationContext().getSystemService(Context.BLUETOOTH_SERVICE);
    server = bluetoothManager.openGattServer(this, serverCallback);
    initServer();
    bluetoothAdapter = bluetoothManager.getAdapter();
    advertise();
}

private void initServer() {
    BluetoothGattService service = new BluetoothGattService(SERVICE_UUID, BluetoothGattService.SERVICE_TYPE_PRIMARY);
    BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic = new BluetoothGattCharacteristic(CHAR_UUID, BluetoothGattCharacteristic.PROPERTY_WRITE | BluetoothGattCharacteristic.PROPERTY_READ, BluetoothGattCharacteristic.PERMISSION_READ | BluetoothGattCharacteristic.PERMISSION_WRITE);
    service.addCharacteristic(characteristic);
    server.addService(service);
}

private void advertise() {

    bluetoothLeAdvertiser = bluetoothAdapter.getBluetoothLeAdvertiser();
    AdvertiseData advertisementData = getAdvertisementData();
    AdvertiseSettings advertiseSettings = getAdvertiseSettings();
    bluetoothLeAdvertiser.startAdvertising(advertiseSettings, advertisementData, advertiseCallback);
    start = true;
}

private AdvertiseData getAdvertisementData() {
    AdvertiseData.Builder builder = new AdvertiseData.Builder();
    builder.setIncludeTxPowerLevel(true);
    builder.addServiceUuid(UUID);
    bluetoothAdapter.setName("BLE client");
    builder.setIncludeDeviceName(true);
    return builder.build();
}

private AdvertiseSettings getAdvertiseSettings() {
    AdvertiseSettings.Builder builder = new AdvertiseSettings.Builder();
    builder.setAdvertiseMode(AdvertiseSettings.ADVERTISE_MODE_BALANCED);
    builder.setTxPowerLevel(AdvertiseSettings.ADVERTISE_TX_POWER_HIGH);
    builder.setConnectable(true);
    return builder.build();
}

private final AdvertiseCallback advertiseCallback = new AdvertiseCallback() {
    @SuppressLint("Override")
    @Override
    public void onStartSuccess(AdvertiseSettings advertiseSettings) {
        final String message = "Advertisement successful";
        sendNotification(message);
    }

    @SuppressLint("Override")
    @Override
    public void onStartFailure(int i) {
        final String message = "Advertisement failed error code: " + i;
        sendNotification(message);

    }

};

private BluetoothGattServerCallback serverCallback = new BluetoothGattServerCallback() {
    @Override
    public void onConnectionStateChange(BluetoothDevice device, int status, int newState) {
        super.onConnectionStateChange(device, status, newState);
        if (newState == BluetoothProfile.STATE_CONNECTED) {
            sendNotification("Client connected");
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void onServiceAdded(int status, BluetoothGattService service) {
        super.onServiceAdded(status, service);
    }

    @Override
    public void onCharacteristicReadRequest(BluetoothDevice device, int requestId, int offset, BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic) {
        super.onCharacteristicReadRequest(device, requestId, offset, characteristic);

        server.sendResponse(device, requestId, BluetoothGatt.GATT_FAILURE, 0, null);
    }


    @Override
    public void onCharacteristicWriteRequest(BluetoothDevice device, int requestId, BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic, boolean preparedWrite, boolean responseNeeded, int offset, byte[] value) {
        super.onCharacteristicWriteRequest(device, requestId, characteristic, preparedWrite, responseNeeded, offset, value);
        byte[] bytes = value;
        String message = new String(bytes);
        sendNotification(message);

        if (characteristic.getUuid().equals(CHAR_UUID)) {
            server.sendResponse(device, requestId, BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS, 0, null);

        }

        int length = value.length;
        byte[] reversed = new byte[length];
        for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
            reversed[i] = value[length - (i + 1)];
        }
        characteristic.setValue(reversed);
        server.notifyCharacteristicChanged(device, characteristic, true);

    }

    @Override
    public void onDescriptorReadRequest(BluetoothDevice device, int requestId, int offset, BluetoothGattDescriptor descriptor) {
        super.onDescriptorReadRequest(device, requestId, offset, descriptor);
    }

    @Override
    public void onDescriptorWriteRequest(BluetoothDevice device, int requestId, BluetoothGattDescriptor descriptor, boolean preparedWrite, boolean responseNeeded, int offset, byte[] value) {
        super.onDescriptorWriteRequest(device, requestId, descriptor, preparedWrite, responseNeeded, offset, value);


    }

    @Override
    public void onExecuteWrite(BluetoothDevice device, int requestId, boolean execute) {
        super.onExecuteWrite(device, requestId, execute);
    }

    @Override
    public void onNotificationSent(BluetoothDevice device, int status) {
        super.onNotificationSent(device, status);
    }

    @Override
    public void onMtuChanged(BluetoothDevice device, int mtu) {
        super.onMtuChanged(device, mtu);
    }

};

@Override
public void onDestroy() {
    if (start) {
        bluetoothLeAdvertiser.stopAdvertising(advertiseCallback);
    }
    super.onDestroy();
}

private void sendNotification(String message) {
    NotificationManager notificationManager = (NotificationManager) this.getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);

    int notificationId = 1;
    String channelId = "channel-01";
    String channelName = "Channel Name";
    int importance = NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_HIGH;

    if (android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES.O) {
        NotificationChannel mChannel = new NotificationChannel(
                channelId, channelName, importance);
        notificationManager.createNotificationChannel(mChannel);
    }

    NotificationCompat.Builder mBuilder = new NotificationCompat.Builder(this, channelId)
            .setSmallIcon(R.mipmap.ic_launcher)
            .setContentTitle(getString(R.string.app_name))
            .setContentText(message)
            .setAutoCancel(true);

    Intent intent = new Intent(this, MainActivity.class);

    TaskStackBuilder stackBuilder = TaskStackBuilder.create(this);
    stackBuilder.addNextIntent(intent);
    PendingIntent resultPendingIntent = stackBuilder.getPendingIntent(
            0,
            PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT
    );
    mBuilder.setContentIntent(resultPendingIntent);

    notificationManager.notify(notificationId, mBuilder.build());
}

@Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
    return null;
}
}

そして、接続が成功した後に特性を送信する私の周辺機器は次のとおりです。

public class ServicesList extends AppCompatActivity implements AdapterView.OnItemClickListener {
private ListView servicesList;
private LinearLayout messageContainer;
private BluetoothDevice device;
private List<String> servicesListNames;
private ArrayAdapter<String> servicesAdapter;
private Handler handler;
private List<BluetoothGattService> services;
private BluetoothGatt currentGatt;
private EditText message;
private Button send;
private BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic;
private ProgressDialog dialog;
public static final java.util.UUID DES_UUID = java.util.UUID.fromString("00003333-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB");

@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.services_list);
    handler = new Handler();
    dialog = new ProgressDialog(this);
    dialog.setCancelable(false);
    dialog.setMessage("Loading");
    device = getIntent().getExtras().getParcelable("device");
    servicesList = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.services_list);
    messageContainer = (LinearLayout) findViewById(R.id.message_container);
    message = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.message);
    send = (Button) findViewById(R.id.send);
    currentGatt = device.connectGatt(this, false, gattCallback);
    dialog.show();
    servicesListNames = new ArrayList<>();
    servicesAdapter = new ArrayAdapter<>(this, android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1, servicesListNames);
    servicesList.setAdapter(servicesAdapter);
    servicesList.setOnItemClickListener(this);
    send.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
        @Override
        public void onClick(View v) {
            if(!message.getText().toString().trim().isEmpty()) {
                characteristic.setValue(message.getText().toString().getBytes());
                currentGatt.writeCharacteristic(characteristic);
                message.setText("");
            }
        }
    });


}

private BluetoothGattCallback gattCallback = new BluetoothGattCallback() {
    @Override
    public void onConnectionStateChange(BluetoothGatt gatt, int status, int newState) {
        super.onConnectionStateChange(gatt, status, newState);
        if(newState == BluetoothProfile.STATE_CONNECTED) {
            currentGatt.discoverServices();
        }else{
            if(dialog.isShowing()){
                handler.post(new Runnable() {
                    @Override
                    public void run() {
                        dialog.hide();
                    }
                });
            }
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void onServicesDiscovered(final BluetoothGatt gatt, int status) {
        super.onServicesDiscovered(gatt, status);
        services = currentGatt.getServices();
        for(BluetoothGattService service : services){
            Log.d("Khurram", "Uuid = " + service.getUuid().toString());
            servicesListNames.add(Helper.getServiceName(service.getUuid().toString()));
            handler.post(new Runnable() {
                @Override
                public void run() {
                    servicesAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
                }
            });
        }
        if (dialog.isShowing()){
            handler.post(new Runnable() {
                @Override
                public void run() {
                    dialog.hide();
                }
            });
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void onCharacteristicRead(BluetoothGatt gatt, BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic, int status) {
        super.onCharacteristicRead(gatt, characteristic, status);

        if (status == BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS) {
   //                log("Characteristic read successfully");
            readCharacteristic(characteristic);
        } else {
   //                logError("Characteristic read unsuccessful, status: " + status);
            // Trying to read from the Time Characteristic? It doesnt have the property or 
   permissions
            // set to allow this. Normally this would be an error and you would want to:
            // disconnectGattServer();
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void onCharacteristicWrite(BluetoothGatt gatt, BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic, 
  int status) {
        super.onCharacteristicWrite(gatt, characteristic, status);
        gatt.executeReliableWrite();

    }

    @Override
    public void onCharacteristicChanged(BluetoothGatt gatt, BluetoothGattCharacteristic 
   characteristic) {
        super.onCharacteristicChanged(gatt, characteristic);

        readCharacteristic(characteristic);
    }

    @Override
    public void onDescriptorRead(BluetoothGatt gatt, BluetoothGattDescriptor descriptor, int status) 
{
        super.onDescriptorRead(gatt, descriptor, status);

    }

    @Override
    public void onDescriptorWrite(BluetoothGatt gatt, BluetoothGattDescriptor descriptor, int status) 
 {
        super.onDescriptorWrite(gatt, descriptor, status);
    }

    @Override
    public void onReliableWriteCompleted(BluetoothGatt gatt, int status) {
        super.onReliableWriteCompleted(gatt, status);


    }

    @Override
    public void onReadRemoteRssi(BluetoothGatt gatt, int rssi, int status) {
        super.onReadRemoteRssi(gatt, rssi, status);
    }

    @Override
    public void onMtuChanged(BluetoothGatt gatt, int mtu, int status) {
        super.onMtuChanged(gatt, mtu, status);
    }
};

@Override
public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id) {
    if(services != null){
        BluetoothGattService notificationService = services.get(position);
        if(notificationService.getUuid().equals(GattService.SERVICE_UUID)){
            characteristic = notificationService.getCharacteristic(GattService.CHAR_UUID);
            if(characteristic != null) {
                messageContainer.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
            }

        }else{
            Toast.makeText(this, "Testing", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
    }
}

private void readCharacteristic(BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic) {
    byte[] messageBytes = characteristic.getValue();
  log("Read: " + StringUtils.byteArrayInHexFormat(messageBytes));
    String message = StringUtils.stringFromBytes(messageBytes);
    if (message == null) {
        logError("Unable to convert bytes to string");
        Toast.makeText(this, "Unable to convert bytes to string", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        return;
    }

    Toast.makeText(this, message, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
}

だから私がやっていることは、ユーザーIDのようなテキストを入力するペリフェラルにEditTextがあり、それを元に戻してセントラルモードで通知を表示した後、応答としてサービスから返すことです。

しかし、私は応答を得ることができません。

皆さんが私のシナリオを知っていれば、BLE を介して 2 台の Android フォン間でデータを交換できる新しい方法を教えてくれます。

ありがとう、

android - モバイルからモバイルへのペリフェラル接続への BLE 応答

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