F# の DataSetExtensions、DataReaders
System.Data.DataSetExtensions.dllは、 System.Nullable をサポートすることにより適切に処理する方法で、 をDataTable
として扱うIEnumerable<DataRow>
だけでなく、個々のセルの値をボックス化解除する機能を追加します。DBNull
たとえば、C# では、null を含む整数列の値を取得DBNull
し、非常に簡潔な構文でデフォルトをゼロにするように指定できます。
var total = myDataTable.AsEnumerable()
.Select(row => row.Field<int?>("MyColumn") ?? 0)
.Sum();
ただし、DataSetExtensions が不足している領域が 2 つあります。1 つ目はサポートしていないことIDataReader
、2 つ目は F#option
型をサポートしていないことです。次のコードは両方を実行します。IDataReader
を として扱うseq<IDataRecord>
ことができ、F# オプションまたは System.Nullable をサポートして、リーダーまたはデータセットから値をボックス化解除できます。別の回答のオプション合体演算子と組み合わせると、DataReader を操作するときに次のようなコードが可能になります。
let total =
myReader.AsSeq
|> Seq.map (fun row -> row.Field<int option>("MyColumn") |? 0)
|> Seq.sum
おそらく、データベースの null を無視するより慣用的な F# の方法は...
let total =
myReader.AsSeq
|> Seq.choose (fun row -> row.Field<int option>("MyColumn"))
|> Seq.sum
さらに、以下に定義する拡張メソッドは、F# と C#/VB の両方から使用できます。
open System
open System.Data
open System.Reflection
open System.Runtime.CompilerServices
open Microsoft.FSharp.Collections
/// Ported from System.Data.DatasetExtensions.dll to add support for the Option type.
[<AbstractClass; Sealed>]
type private UnboxT<'a> private () =
// This class generates a converter function based on the desired output type,
// and then re-uses the converter function forever. Because the class itself is generic,
// different output types get different cached converter functions.
static let referenceField (value:obj) =
if value = null || DBNull.Value.Equals(value) then
Unchecked.defaultof<'a>
else
unbox value
static let valueField (value:obj) =
if value = null || DBNull.Value.Equals(value) then
raise <| InvalidCastException("Null cannot be converted to " + typeof<'a>.Name)
else
unbox value
static let makeConverter (target:Type) methodName =
Delegate.CreateDelegate(typeof<Converter<obj,'a>>,
typeof<UnboxT<'a>>
.GetMethod(methodName, BindingFlags.NonPublic ||| BindingFlags.Static)
.MakeGenericMethod([| target.GetGenericArguments().[0] |]))
|> unbox<Converter<obj,'a>>
|> FSharpFunc.FromConverter
static let unboxFn =
let theType = typeof<'a>
if theType.IsGenericType && not theType.IsGenericTypeDefinition then
let genericType = theType.GetGenericTypeDefinition()
if typedefof<Nullable<_>> = genericType then
makeConverter theType "NullableField"
elif typedefof<option<_>> = genericType then
makeConverter theType "OptionField"
else
invalidOp "The only generic types supported are Option<T> and Nullable<T>."
elif theType.IsValueType then
valueField
else
referenceField
static member private NullableField<'b when 'b : struct and 'b :> ValueType and 'b:(new:unit -> 'b)> (value:obj) =
if value = null || DBNull.Value.Equals(value) then
Nullable<_>()
else
Nullable<_>(unbox<'b> value)
static member private OptionField<'b> (value:obj) =
if value = null || DBNull.Value.Equals(value) then
None
else
Some(unbox<'b> value)
static member inline Unbox =
unboxFn
/// F# data-related extension methods.
[<AutoOpen>]
module FsDataEx =
type System.Data.IDataReader with
/// Exposes a reader's current result set as seq<IDataRecord>.
/// Reader is closed when sequence is fully enumerated.
member this.AsSeq =
seq { use reader = this
while reader.Read() do yield reader :> IDataRecord }
/// Exposes all result sets in a reader as seq<seq<IDataRecord>>.
/// Reader is closed when sequence is fully enumerated.
member this.AsMultiSeq =
let rowSeq (reader:IDataReader) =
seq { while reader.Read() do yield reader :> IDataRecord }
seq {
use reader = this
yield rowSeq reader
while reader.NextResult() do
yield rowSeq reader
}
/// Populates a new DataSet with the contents of the reader. Closes the reader after completion.
member this.ToDataSet () =
use reader = this
let dataSet = new DataSet(RemotingFormat=SerializationFormat.Binary, EnforceConstraints=false)
dataSet.Load(reader, LoadOption.OverwriteChanges, [| "" |])
dataSet
type System.Data.IDataRecord with
/// Gets a value from the record by name.
/// DBNull and null are returned as the default value for the type.
/// Supports both nullable and option types.
member this.Field<'a> (fieldName:string) =
this.[fieldName] |> UnboxT<'a>.Unbox
/// Gets a value from the record by column index.
/// DBNull and null are returned as the default value for the type.
/// Supports both nullable and option types.
member this.Field<'a> (ordinal:int) =
this.GetValue(ordinal) |> UnboxT<'a>.Unbox
type System.Data.DataRow with
/// Identical to the Field method from DatasetExtensions, but supports the F# Option type.
member this.Field2<'a> (columnName:string) =
this.[columnName] |> UnboxT<'a>.Unbox
/// Identical to the Field method from DatasetExtensions, but supports the F# Option type.
member this.Field2<'a> (columnIndex:int) =
this.[columnIndex] |> UnboxT<'a>.Unbox
/// Identical to the Field method from DatasetExtensions, but supports the F# Option type.
member this.Field2<'a> (column:DataColumn) =
this.[column] |> UnboxT<'a>.Unbox
/// Identical to the Field method from DatasetExtensions, but supports the F# Option type.
member this.Field2<'a> (columnName:string, version:DataRowVersion) =
this.[columnName, version] |> UnboxT<'a>.Unbox
/// Identical to the Field method from DatasetExtensions, but supports the F# Option type.
member this.Field2<'a> (columnIndex:int, version:DataRowVersion) =
this.[columnIndex, version] |> UnboxT<'a>.Unbox
/// Identical to the Field method from DatasetExtensions, but supports the F# Option type.
member this.Field2<'a> (column:DataColumn, version:DataRowVersion) =
this.[column, version] |> UnboxT<'a>.Unbox
/// C# data-related extension methods.
[<Extension; AbstractClass; Sealed>]
type CsDataEx private () =
/// Populates a new DataSet with the contents of the reader. Closes the reader after completion.
[<Extension>]
static member ToDataSet(this:IDataReader) =
this.ToDataSet()
/// Exposes a reader's current result set as IEnumerable{IDataRecord}.
/// Reader is closed when sequence is fully enumerated.
[<Extension>]
static member AsEnumerable(this:IDataReader) =
this.AsSeq
/// Exposes all result sets in a reader as IEnumerable{IEnumerable{IDataRecord}}.
/// Reader is closed when sequence is fully enumerated.
[<Extension>]
static member AsMultipleEnumerable(this:IDataReader) =
this.AsMultiSeq
/// Gets a value from the record by name.
/// DBNull and null are returned as the default value for the type.
/// Supports both nullable and option types.
[<Extension>]
static member Field<'T> (this:IDataRecord, fieldName:string) =
this.Field<'T>(fieldName)
/// Gets a value from the record by column index.
/// DBNull and null are returned as the default value for the type.
/// Supports both nullable and option types.
[<Extension>]
static member Field<'T> (this:IDataRecord, ordinal:int) =
this.Field<'T>(ordinal)