DrMemoryをダウンロードしたばかりで、自分のアプリケーションでメモリ リークをチェックしたかったのですが、DrMemory が「空のプログラム」でメモリ リークを示していることに気付きました。
- これらのメモリリークはどこから来るのですか?
- 次に、DrMemory が初期化されていないアクセスについて不平を言う原因となる、初心者がよく行う間違いの例は何ですか?
私はCとそのすべてのネイティブなものに比較的慣れていないため、ここでDrMemoryが教えてくれることのほとんどを理解していないことに注意してください..
int main() {
}
gcc main.c -o a.exe
drmemory -show_reachable -- a.exe
Dr. Memory version 1.4.6 build 2 built on Mar 7 2012 10:14:04
Application cmdline: ""C:\Users\niklas\Desktop\a.exe""
Recorded 62 suppression(s) from default C:\DrMemory/bin/suppress-default.txt
REACHABLE LEAK 532 direct bytes 0x003e07d0-0x003e09e4 + 0 indirect bytes
# 0 <not in a module> (0x00000000)
REACHABLE LEAK 1152 direct bytes 0x003e09f0-0x003e0e70 + 0 indirect bytes
# 0 <not in a module> (0x00000000)
REACHABLE LEAK 8 direct bytes 0x003e11a8-0x003e11b0 + 0 indirect bytes
# 0 msvcrt.dll!towlower
# 1 msvcrt.dll!towlower
# 2 msvcrt.dll!clearerr_s
# 3 msvcrt.dll!clearerr_s
# 4 __mingw_CRTStartup
# 5 mainCRTStartup
# 6 KERNEL32.dll!BaseThreadInitThunk
# 7 ntdll.dll!RtlInitializeExceptionChain
# 8 ntdll.dll!RtlInitializeExceptionChain
REACHABLE LEAK 80 direct bytes 0x003e11d8-0x003e1228 + 0 indirect bytes
# 0 __cmshared_create_or_grab [../../../../gcc-4.4.1/libgcc/../gcc/config/i386/cygming-shared-data.c:145]
# 1 __gcc_register_frame
# 2 register_frame_ctor
# 3 __do_global_ctors
# 4 __mingw_CRTStartup
# 5 mainCRTStartup
# 6 KERNEL32.dll!BaseThreadInitThunk
# 7 ntdll.dll!RtlInitializeExceptionChain
# 8 ntdll.dll!RtlInitializeExceptionChain
REACHABLE LEAK 544 direct bytes 0x003e1568-0x003e1788 + 0 indirect bytes
# 0 <not in a module> (0x00000000)
REACHABLE LEAK 1863 direct bytes 0x003e1790-0x003e1ed7 + 0 indirect bytes
# 0 <not in a module> (0x00000000)
REACHABLE LEAK 4096 direct bytes 0x003e2780-0x003e3780 + 0 indirect bytes
# 0 msvcrt.dll!strcpy_s +0x5f (0x76aff5d3 <msvcrt.dll+0xf5d3>)
# 1 msvcrt.dll!wprintf +0x142 (0x76b15f26 <msvcrt.dll+0x25f26>)
# 2 msvcrt.dll!printf +0x35 (0x76b0c5ef <msvcrt.dll+0x1c5ef>)
# 3 main
REACHABLE LEAK 24 direct bytes 0x005307d0-0x005307e8 + 0 indirect bytes
# 0 <not in a module> (0x00000000)
REACHABLE POSSIBLE LEAK 3526 direct bytes 0x005307f0-0x005315b6 + 0 indirect bytes
# 0 <not in a module> (0x00000000)
REACHABLE POSSIBLE LEAK 2678 direct bytes 0x005315c0-0x00532036 + 0 indirect bytes
# 0 <not in a module> (0x00000000)
REACHABLE LEAK 60 direct bytes 0x00532040-0x0053207c + 0 indirect bytes
# 0 <not in a module> (0x00000000)
REACHABLE LEAK 48 direct bytes 0x00532088-0x005320b8 + 0 indirect bytes
# 0 <not in a module> (0x00000000)
REACHABLE LEAK 120 direct bytes 0x005320c0-0x00532138 + 0 indirect bytes
# 0 <not in a module> (0x00000000)
REACHABLE LEAK 120 direct bytes 0x00532140-0x005321b8 + 0 indirect bytes
# 0 <not in a module> (0x00000000)
REACHABLE LEAK 540 direct bytes 0x005321c0-0x005323dc + 0 indirect bytes
# 0 <not in a module> (0x00000000)
REACHABLE LEAK 66 direct bytes 0x005323e8-0x0053242a + 0 indirect bytes
# 0 <not in a module> (0x00000000)
REACHABLE POSSIBLE LEAK 120 direct bytes 0x00532438-0x005324b0 + 0 indirect bytes
# 0 <not in a module> (0x00000000)
REACHABLE LEAK 16 direct bytes 0x005324b8-0x005324c8 + 0 indirect bytes
# 0 <not in a module> (0x00000000)
REACHABLE LEAK 70 direct bytes 0x005324d0-0x00532516 + 0 indirect bytes
# 0 <not in a module> (0x00000000)
REACHABLE POSSIBLE LEAK 120 direct bytes 0x00532520-0x00532598 + 0 indirect bytes
# 0 <not in a module> (0x00000000)
REACHABLE LEAK 16 direct bytes 0x005325b8-0x005325c8 + 0 indirect bytes
# 0 <not in a module> (0x00000000)
REACHABLE LEAK 16 direct bytes 0x005325a0-0x005325b0 + 0 indirect bytes
# 0 <not in a module> (0x00000000)
REACHABLE LEAK 66 direct bytes 0x005325d0-0x00532612 + 0 indirect bytes
# 0 <not in a module> (0x00000000)
REACHABLE LEAK 32 direct bytes 0x00532620-0x00532640 + 0 indirect bytes
# 0 <not in a module> (0x00000000)
REACHABLE LEAK 100 direct bytes 0x00532648-0x005326ac + 0 indirect bytes
# 0 <not in a module> (0x00000000)
REACHABLE LEAK 32 direct bytes 0x005326b8-0x005326d8 + 0 indirect bytes
# 0 <not in a module> (0x00000000)
REACHABLE LEAK 512 direct bytes 0x005326e0-0x005328e0 + 0 indirect bytes
# 0 <not in a module> (0x00000000)
REACHABLE LEAK 512 direct bytes 0x005328e8-0x00532ae8 + 0 indirect bytes
# 0 <not in a module> (0x00000000)
REACHABLE LEAK 36 direct bytes 0x00532af0-0x00532b14 + 0 indirect bytes
# 0 <not in a module> (0x00000000)
REACHABLE LEAK 36 direct bytes 0x00532b20-0x00532b44 + 0 indirect bytes
# 0 <not in a module> (0x00000000)
REACHABLE LEAK 48 direct bytes 0x00532b50-0x00532b80 + 0 indirect bytes
# 0 <not in a module> (0x00000000)
REACHABLE LEAK 32 direct bytes 0x00532b88-0x00532ba8 + 0 indirect bytes
# 0 <not in a module> (0x00000000)
REACHABLE LEAK 32 direct bytes 0x00532bb0-0x00532bd0 + 0 indirect bytes
# 0 <not in a module> (0x00000000)
REACHABLE LEAK 32 direct bytes 0x00532bd8-0x00532bf8 + 0 indirect bytes
# 0 <not in a module> (0x00000000)
REACHABLE LEAK 32 direct bytes 0x00532c28-0x00532c48 + 0 indirect bytes
# 0 <not in a module> (0x00000000)
REACHABLE LEAK 32 direct bytes 0x00532c50-0x00532c70 + 0 indirect bytes
# 0 <not in a module> (0x00000000)
REACHABLE LEAK 16 direct bytes 0x00532c78-0x00532c88 + 0 indirect bytes
# 0 <not in a module> (0x00000000)
REACHABLE LEAK 62 direct bytes 0x00532c90-0x00532cce + 0 indirect bytes
# 0 <not in a module> (0x00000000)
REACHABLE LEAK 120 direct bytes 0x00532cd8-0x00532d50 + 0 indirect bytes
# 0 <not in a module> (0x00000000)
REACHABLE LEAK 16 direct bytes 0x00532d58-0x00532d68 + 0 indirect bytes
# 0 <not in a module> (0x00000000)
REACHABLE LEAK 16 direct bytes 0x00532d70-0x00532d80 + 0 indirect bytes
# 0 <not in a module> (0x00000000)
REACHABLE LEAK 16 direct bytes 0x00532d88-0x00532d98 + 0 indirect bytes
# 0 <not in a module> (0x00000000)
REACHABLE LEAK 16 direct bytes 0x00532da0-0x00532db0 + 0 indirect bytes
# 0 <not in a module> (0x00000000)
REACHABLE LEAK 520 direct bytes 0x00532de0-0x00532fe8 + 0 indirect bytes
# 0 <not in a module> (0x00000000)
REACHABLE LEAK 1024 direct bytes 0x00532ff0-0x005333f0 + 0 indirect bytes
# 0 <not in a module> (0x00000000)
REACHABLE LEAK 32 direct bytes 0x005333f8-0x00533418 + 0 indirect bytes
# 0 <not in a module> (0x00000000)
REACHABLE LEAK 32 direct bytes 0x00533420-0x00533440 + 0 indirect bytes
# 0 <not in a module> (0x00000000)
REACHABLE LEAK 32 direct bytes 0x00533448-0x00533468 + 0 indirect bytes
# 0 <not in a module> (0x00000000)
REACHABLE LEAK 206 direct bytes 0x005334e0-0x005335ae + 0 indirect bytes
# 0 <not in a module> (0x00000000)
REACHABLE LEAK 16 direct bytes 0x005336f0-0x00533700 + 0 indirect bytes
# 0 <not in a module> (0x00000000)
REACHABLE LEAK 100 direct bytes 0x00533708-0x0053376c + 0 indirect bytes
# 0 <not in a module> (0x00000000)
REACHABLE LEAK 120 direct bytes 0x00533778-0x005337f0 + 0 indirect bytes
# 0 <not in a module> (0x00000000)
REACHABLE LEAK 32 direct bytes 0x005337f8-0x00533818 + 0 indirect bytes
# 0 <not in a module> (0x00000000)
REACHABLE LEAK 62 direct bytes 0x00533820-0x0053385e + 0 indirect bytes
# 0 <not in a module> (0x00000000)
REACHABLE LEAK 62 direct bytes 0x00533868-0x005338a6 + 0 indirect bytes
# 0 <not in a module> (0x00000000)
REACHABLE LEAK 36 direct bytes 0x005338d8-0x005338fc + 0 indirect bytes
# 0 <not in a module> (0x00000000)
REACHABLE LEAK 24 direct bytes 0x00533908-0x00533920 + 0 indirect bytes
# 0 <not in a module> (0x00000000)
REACHABLE LEAK 8 direct bytes 0x00533928-0x00533930 + 0 indirect bytes
# 0 <not in a module> (0x00000000)
REACHABLE LEAK 1288 direct bytes 0x00533950-0x00533e58 + 0 indirect bytes
# 0 <not in a module> (0x00000000)
REACHABLE LEAK 888 direct bytes 0x00533e60-0x005341d8 + 0 indirect bytes
# 0 <not in a module> (0x00000000)
REACHABLE LEAK 520 direct bytes 0x00534888-0x00534a90 + 0 indirect bytes
# 0 ntdll.dll!RtlInitializeExceptionChain +0x1e8 (0x7712b57a <ntdll.dll+0x5b57a>)
# 1 KERNELBASE.dll!GetEnvironmentVariableA +0x18b (0x752e7b22 <KERNELBASE.dll+0x7b22>)
# 2 msvcrt.dll!memicmp +0x85 (0x76b0074e <msvcrt.dll+0x1074e>)
# 3 msvcrt.dll!ismbblead +0x2f (0x76aff637 <msvcrt.dll+0xf637>)
# 4 msvcrt.dll!ismbblead +0x12 (0x76aff61a <msvcrt.dll+0xf61a>)
# 5 msvcrt.dll!clearerr_s +0x3fa (0x76b09fb0 <msvcrt.dll+0x19fb0>)
# 6 msvcrt.dll!clearerr_s +0x2e3 (0x76b09e99 <msvcrt.dll+0x19e99>)
# 7 msvcrt.dll!clearerr_s +0x27e (0x76b09e34 <msvcrt.dll+0x19e34>)
# 8 __mingw_CRTStartup
# 9 mainCRTStartup
#10 KERNEL32.dll!BaseThreadInitThunk
#11 ntdll.dll!RtlInitializeExceptionChain
REACHABLE LEAK 644 direct bytes 0x00534b78-0x00534dfc + 0 indirect bytes
# 0 ntdll.dll!RtlLookupAtomInAtomTable
# 1 ntdll.dll!RtlCreateAtomTable
# 2 KERNEL32.dll!GetThreadId
# 3 KERNEL32.dll!LocalUnlock
# 4 KERNEL32.dll!FindAtomA
# 5 __cmshared_create_or_grab [../../../../gcc-4.4.1/libgcc/../gcc/config/i386/cygming-shared-data.c:140]
# 6 __gcc_register_frame
# 7 register_frame_ctor
# 8 __do_global_ctors
# 9 __mingw_CRTStartup
#10 mainCRTStartup
#11 KERNEL32.dll!BaseThreadInitThunk
REACHABLE POSSIBLE LEAK 32 direct bytes 0x00534e28-0x00534e48 + 0 indirect bytes
# 0 ntdll.dll!RtlInitializeCriticalSectionEx +0x12b (0x77127de3 <ntdll.dll+0x57de3>)
# 1 ntdll.dll!RtlInitializeCriticalSectionEx +0x82 (0x77127d3b <ntdll.dll+0x57d3b>)
# 2 ntdll.dll!RtlInitializeCriticalSection +0x11 (0x7712f8d0 <ntdll.dll+0x5f8d0>)
# 3 ntdll.dll!RtlCreateAtomTable +0x8b (0x770f8767 <ntdll.dll+0x28767>)
# 4 ntdll.dll!RtlCreateAtomTable +0x60 (0x770f873c <ntdll.dll+0x2873c>)
# 5 KERNEL32.dll!GetThreadId +0x1e (0x7726a912 <KERNEL32.dll+0x4a912>)
# 6 KERNEL32.dll!LocalUnlock +0x44 (0x772692ea <KERNEL32.dll+0x492ea>)
# 7 KERNEL32.dll!FindAtomA +0x10 (0x7725bac1 <KERNEL32.dll+0x3bac1>)
# 8 __cmshared_create_or_grab [../../../../gcc-4.4.1/libgcc/../gcc/config/i386/cygming-shared-data.c:140]
# 9 __gcc_register_frame
#10 register_frame_ctor
#11 __do_global_ctors
REACHABLE LEAK 158 direct bytes 0x00534f30-0x00534fce + 0 indirect bytes
# 0 ntdll.dll!RtlLookupAtomInAtomTable +0x1f1 (0x770f86af <ntdll.dll+0x286af>)
# 1 ntdll.dll!RtlAddAtomToAtomTable +0xbd (0x770f5e8e <ntdll.dll+0x25e8e>)
# 2 KERNEL32.dll!GetSystemDefaultLCID +0x395 (0x77269bfd <KERNEL32.dll+0x49bfd>)
# 3 KERNEL32.dll!AddAtomA +0x10 (0x77259ec9 <KERNEL32.dll+0x39ec9>)
# 4 __cmshared_create_or_grab [../../../../gcc-4.4.1/libgcc/../gcc/config/i386/cygming-shared-data.c:118]
# 5 __gcc_register_frame
# 6 register_frame_ctor
# 7 __do_global_ctors
# 8 __mingw_CRTStartup
# 9 mainCRTStartup
#10 KERNEL32.dll!BaseThreadInitThunk
#11 ntdll.dll!RtlInitializeExceptionChain
DUPLICATE ERROR COUNTS:
SUPPRESSIONS USED:
NO ERRORS FOUND:
0 unique, 0 total unaddressable access(es)
0 unique, 0 total uninitialized access(es)
0 unique, 0 total invalid heap argument(s)
0 unique, 0 total warning(s)
0 unique, 0 total, 0 byte(s) of leak(s)
0 unique, 0 total, 0 byte(s) of possible leak(s)
ERRORS IGNORED:
64 still-reachable allocation(s)
Details: C:\DrMemory/drmemory/logs/DrMemory-a.exe.7400.000/results.txt