最初にいくつかの裏話。私のアプリの主要なビューの3つが拡張する基本的なビューがあります。子ビューは空で、アナログおよびデジタルです。これらの子ビューをグリッドビュー（2x3）に配置し、グリッドビューをスライディングドローに配置します。このスライディングドロワーは私のアプリの核心です。絶対に必要です。スライドドロワーはすべてのアクティビティに含まれている必要があるため、アクティビティが変更されると、アプリケーションに状態を保存し、新しいアクティビティが読み込まれたときに状態を取得します。
アプリが開くと、gridviewは6つの空のビューを作成し、それらをアダプターに追加します。これで、すべてのビューが空の間、アプリは問題なく動作します。アクティビティをさまよって、アプリが持つ他のすべての機能を実行できます。そして、同じ活動を続けている間、私は自分の心のコンテンツにアナログとデジタルのビューを作成することができます。それらは移動、削除、およびすべての機能を適切に実行します。しかし、別のアクティビティに切り替えて、グリッドビューにアナログビューまたはデジタルビューが1つでもあるとすぐに、アプリがを介してクラッシュしOutOfMemoryError: bitmap size exceeds VM Budgetます。
アナログビューとデジタルビューの両方で、2つのビットマップが作成されます。1つはビューの背景であり、もう1つはビューのユニークな外観であり、ほとんど変更されないため、ビットマップとして適しています。両方のビットマップはかなり小さいです（私のテストEvoでは221x221ピクセル）。そのため、活動の変化に応じて適切にリサイクルしていないと思いました。そこで私は戻って、すべてがクリーンアップされていることを確認し、各ビューを完全に破壊する方法を作成しました。すべての変数はnullに設定され、アクティビティが一時停止するたびにすべてのビットマップがリサイクルされます。（注：ロガーを使用して、onPauseが実際に呼び出されていることとdestroyメソッドが呼び出されていることを確認しました。）
今-数日後-私はまだこのメモリエラーがスローされている理由を理解できません。私はDDMSとMemoryTrackerを表示するのに説明のつかない時間を費やしましたが、これはおそらくこれまでで最も役に立たないことです。私はDDMSに完全にうんざりしています、私は私に何か有用なことを言うために愚かなことを得ることができません。
さて、質問です。プロセス（私のアプリ）の割り当ての完全なリストを取得し、印刷/表示/ファイルに保存するなどの方法（メソッド/システムコールなど）はありますか？
編集1：これはFalmarriへの応答です。少し多めに投稿しているかもしれませんが、お詫び申し上げます。もっと具体的なことを知りたいのなら、私が喜んでお手伝いします。私のコードを破る理由はありません。
クリップはBaseViewからのものです：
public abstract class GaugeBase extends View implements BroadcastListener {
protected static final String TAG = "GaugeBase";
// =======================================
// --- Declarations
/** Animation dynamics. */
protected float mTarget = 0, position = 0, velocity = 0.0f, acceleration = 0.0f;
protected long lastMoveTime = -1L;
/** Background objects. */
protected Bitmap mBackground;
protected Bitmap mFaceTexture;
protected float borderSize = 0.02f;
/** Face objects. */
protected Paint mRimShadowPaint, mTitlePaint, mFacePaint, mRimPaint, mRimBorderPaint;
protected Path mTitlePath;
/** Bounding rects. */
protected static RectF mRimRect, mFaceRect;
/** Text tools. */
protected static Typeface mTypeface;
/** The preferred size of the widget. */
private static final int mPreferredSize = 300;
/** The Broadcaster the gauge is registered to. */
protected SensorBroadcaster mCaster;
/** Is the view instantiated? */
private boolean isDestroyed = true;
// ---
// =======================================
public GaugeBase(Context context) {
super(context);
mCaster = ((AppionApplication)getContext().getApplicationContext())
.getSensorBroadcaster(AppionApplication.TEST_SENSOR);
lastMoveTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
setTarget(mCaster.getReading());
}
@Override protected void onAttachedToWindow() { super.onAttachedToWindow(); }
@Override protected void onDetachedFromWindow() { super.onDetachedFromWindow(); }
@Override protected void onSizeChanged(int w, int h, int oldw, int oldh) { regenerate(); }
@Override public void onBroadcastReceived() { setTarget(mCaster.getReading()); }
@Override protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
int widthMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(widthMeasureSpec);
int widthSize = MeasureSpec.getSize(widthMeasureSpec);
int heightMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(heightMeasureSpec);
int heightSize = MeasureSpec.getSize(heightMeasureSpec);
int chosenWidth = chooseDimension(widthMode, widthSize);
int chosenHeight = chooseDimension(heightMode, heightSize);
int chosenDimension = Math.min(chosenWidth, chosenHeight);
setMeasuredDimension(chosenDimension, chosenDimension);
}
@Override protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
if (isDestroyed) return;
if (mBackground == null) regenerate();
canvas.drawBitmap(mBackground, 0, 0, null);
canvas.save(Canvas.MATRIX_SAVE_FLAG);
canvas.scale((float)getWidth(), (float)getWidth());
drawForeground(canvas); canvas.restore(); animate();
}
public HashMap<String, Object> onSavePersistentState() {
HashMap<String, Object> mState = new HashMap<String, Object>();
mState.put("sensor_broadcaster", mCaster.getBroadcasterName());
mState.put("type", this.getClass().getSimpleName());
return mState;
}
public void onRestorePersistentState(HashMap<String, Object> state) {
mCaster = ((AppionApplication)getContext().getApplicationContext())
.getSensorBroadcaster((String)state.get("sensor_broadcaster"));
}
private final void setTarget(float target) { mTarget = target; animate(); }
private static final int chooseDimension(int mode, int size) {
if (mode == MeasureSpec.AT_MOST || mode == MeasureSpec.EXACTLY) return size;
else return mPreferredSize;
}
private final void animate() {
if (! (Math.abs(position - mTarget) > 0.01f)) return;
if (lastMoveTime != -1L) {
long currentTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
float delta = (currentTime - lastMoveTime) / 1000.0f;
float direction = Math.signum(velocity);
if (Math.abs(velocity) < 90.0f) acceleration = 10.0f * (mTarget - position);
else acceleration = 0.0f;
position += velocity * delta;
velocity += acceleration * delta;
if ((mTarget - position) * direction < 0.01f * direction) {
position = mTarget;
velocity = 0.0f;
acceleration = 0.0f;
lastMoveTime = -1L;
} else lastMoveTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
invalidate();
} else {
lastMoveTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
animate();
}
}
public void preInit() {
mTypeface = Typeface.createFromAsset(getContext().getAssets(),
"fonts/SFDigitalReadout-Heavy.ttf");
mFaceTexture = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getContext().getResources(),
R.drawable.gauge_face);
BitmapShader shader = new BitmapShader(mFaceTexture,
Shader.TileMode.MIRROR, Shader.TileMode.MIRROR);
Matrix matrix = new Matrix();
mRimRect = new RectF(0.05f, 0.05f, 0.95f, 0.95f);
mFaceRect = new RectF(mRimRect.left + borderSize, mRimRect.top + borderSize,
mRimRect.right - borderSize, mRimRect.bottom - borderSize);
mFacePaint = new Paint();
mFacePaint.setFilterBitmap(true);
matrix.setScale(1.0f / mFaceTexture.getWidth(), 1.0f / mFaceTexture.getHeight());
shader.setLocalMatrix(matrix);
mFacePaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.FILL);
mFacePaint.setShader(shader);
mRimShadowPaint = new Paint();
mRimShadowPaint.setShader(new RadialGradient(0.5f, 0.5f, mFaceRect.width() / 2.0f,
new int[] { 0x00000000, 0x00000500, 0x50000500 },
new float[] { 0.96f, 0.96f, 0.99f },
Shader.TileMode.MIRROR));
mRimShadowPaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.FILL);
mRimPaint = new Paint();
mRimPaint.setFlags(Paint.ANTI_ALIAS_FLAG);
mRimPaint.setShader(new LinearGradient(0.4f, 0.6f, 0.6f, 1.0f,
Color.rgb(0xff0, 0xf5, 0xf0), Color.rgb(0x30, 0x31, 0x30),
Shader.TileMode.CLAMP));
mRimBorderPaint = new Paint();
mRimBorderPaint.setAntiAlias(true);
mRimBorderPaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE);
mRimBorderPaint.setColor(Color.argb(0x4f, 0x33, 0x36, 0x33));
mRimBorderPaint.setStrokeWidth(0.005f);
mTitlePaint = new Paint();
mTitlePaint.setColor(0xff000000);
mTitlePaint.setAntiAlias(true);
mTitlePaint.setTypeface(mTypeface);
mTitlePaint.setTextAlign(Paint.Align.CENTER);
mTitlePaint.setTextSize(0.2f);
mTitlePaint.setTextScaleX(0.8f);
// Now we prepare the gauge
init();
isDestroyed = false;
}
/** Update the gauge independent static buffer cache for the background. */
private void regenerate() {
if (isDestroyed) return;
if(mBackground != null) { mBackground.recycle(); mBackground = null; }
// Our new drawing area
mBackground = Bitmap.createBitmap(getWidth(), getHeight(), Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888);
Canvas backCanvas = new Canvas(mBackground);
float scale = (float)getWidth();
backCanvas.scale(scale, scale);
drawRim(backCanvas);
drawFace(backCanvas);
drawTitle(backCanvas);
if (!(this instanceof EmptySpace)) { mCaster.getGroup().draw(backCanvas); }
regenerateBackground(backCanvas);
}
/** Prepare the view to be cleaned up. This is called to prevent memory leaks. */
public void destroy() {
isDestroyed = true;
if (mFaceTexture != null) { mFaceTexture.recycle(); mBackground = null; }
if (mBackground != null) { mBackground.recycle(); mBackground = null; }
mRimShadowPaint = null;
mRimShadowPaint = null;
mFacePaint = null;
mRimPaint = null;
mRimBorderPaint = null;
mTitlePath = null;
mRimRect = null; mFaceRect = null;
mTypeface = null;
destroyDrawingCache();
}
/**
* Create a bitmap of the gauge. The bitmap is to scale.
* @return The bitmap of the gauge.
*/
int tobitmap = 0;
public Bitmap toBitmap() {
Bitmap b = Bitmap.createBitmap(getWidth(), getHeight(), Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888);
Canvas canvas = new Canvas();
canvas.setBitmap(b);
draw(canvas);
return b;
}
/** Update the gauge dependent static buffer cache for the background. */
protected abstract void regenerateBackground(Canvas canvas);
/** Initializes all of the objects the gauge widget will need before use. */
protected abstract void init();
/** This is called when drawing the background. Draws the bordered edge of the gauge. */
protected abstract void drawRim(Canvas canvas);
/** This is called when drawing the background. Draws the face of the gauge. */
protected abstract void drawFace(Canvas canvas);
/** This is called when drawing the background. Draws the title to the gauge. */
protected abstract void drawTitle(Canvas canvas);
/**
* This is called when drawing the foreground. The foreground includes items like the
* scale of an analog gauge, or the text of a digital gauge. Also any other necessary
* items that need drawing go here. Note: drawForeground is called quickly, repeatedly,
* make it run fast and clean.
*/
protected abstract void drawForeground(Canvas canvas);
}
これはデジタルビューからのものです:(それはより小さく、それでもエラーを引き起こすため）
public class DigitalGauge extends GaugeBase {
// ================================
// --- Drawing tools
private RectF lcdRect;
private Paint lcdPaint, detailPaint;
private Path facePath, borderPath;
// ---
// ================================
public DigitalGauge(Context context) {
super(context);
}
@Override protected void regenerateBackground(Canvas canvas) { }
@Override protected void init() {
lcdPaint = new Paint();
lcdPaint.setColor(0xff000000);
lcdPaint.setAntiAlias(true);
lcdPaint.setStrokeWidth(0.005f);
lcdPaint.setTextSize(0.4f);
lcdPaint.setTypeface(mTypeface);
lcdPaint.setTextAlign(Paint.Align.CENTER);
detailPaint = new Paint();
detailPaint.setColor(0xff000000);
detailPaint.setTextSize(0.2f);
detailPaint.setStrokeWidth(0.005f);
detailPaint.setAntiAlias(true);
detailPaint.setTypeface(mTypeface);
detailPaint.setTextScaleX(0.8f);
detailPaint.setTextAlign(Paint.Align.CENTER);
facePath = new Path();
facePath.moveTo(0.12f, 0.0f);
facePath.lineTo(0.88f, 0.0f);
facePath.arcTo(new RectF(), 0, 90);
// TODO Make the trapazoidal look of the digital gauge
lcdRect = new RectF(mFaceRect.left + borderSize, mFaceRect.top + borderSize,
mFaceRect.right - borderSize, mFaceRect.top - borderSize - lcdPaint.getTextSize());
}
@Override protected void drawRim(Canvas canvas) {
canvas.drawRect(mRimRect, mRimPaint);
canvas.drawRect(mRimRect, mRimBorderPaint);
}
@Override protected void drawFace(Canvas canvas) {
canvas.drawRect(mFaceRect, mFacePaint);
canvas.drawRect(mFaceRect, mRimBorderPaint);
}
@Override protected void drawTitle(Canvas canvas) {
canvas.drawText(mCaster.getBroadcasterSerial(), mFaceRect.left - 0.1f,
mFaceRect.top + 0.1f, mTitlePaint);
}
@Override protected void drawForeground(Canvas canvas) {
String display = "000000" + String.valueOf(Math.ceil(position));
String read = display.substring(display.length()-8, display.length() - 2);
canvas.drawText(read, 0.5f, lcdRect.top + lcdPaint.getTextSize() / 2, lcdPaint);
/**canvas.drawText(mContext.getResources().getStringArray(R.array.pressureTypes)[measurement],
0.5f, lcdRect.top + lcdPaint.getTextSize() , detailPaint);*/
}
}
アプリケーションを通過する状態については、ビューのタイプとビューが表すキャスターの文字列名をハッシュマップに入れます。そのハッシュマップをグリッドビューに渡します。グリッドビューは、6つのマップすべてを、グリッドビュー内のビューの位置を表す配列に配置します。次に、その配列はアプリケーションに保持され、必要に応じて取得されます。
これがグリッドビューです。考えれば考えるほど、このクラスは問題があるのではないかと思います。
public class Workbench extends GridView {
/** Our debugging tag */
private static final String TAG = "Workbench";
/** Name of the Workbench. */
private String mId = "-1";
/** The title of the Workbench. */
private String mTitle = "Workbench";
/** The list of Widgets that will be handled by the bench */
private GaugeBase[] mContent = new GaugeBase[6];
/** The current selection from the bench */
private int mSelection = -1;
/** When a GaugeBase is moves we want to remove from the adapter. Now we won't lose it.*/
private GaugeBase mHeldGaugeBase = null;
private Bitmap mHold = null;
private boolean mIsHolding = false;
private float x = -1000f, y = -1000f; // Where the held bitmap should be
private Bitmap trash;
private RectF trashBox;
// The touch listener we will use if we need to move a widget around
private OnTouchListener mWidgetExchanger = new OnTouchListener() {
@Override public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent e) {
int w = getWidth(); int h = getHeight();
float xx = e.getX(); float yy = e.getY();
switch (e.getAction()) {
case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN: // Fall through
case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE:
if (mIsHolding) {
x = e.getX() - mHold.getWidth()/2; y = e.getY() - mHold.getHeight()/2;
postInvalidate(); break;
}
case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP:
if (mIsHolding) {
if (trashBox.contains(xx, yy)) removeGaugeBase(mSelection);
else {
if ((xx < w / 2) && (yy < h /3)) makeSwitch(0);
else if ((xx > w / 2) && (yy < h /3)) makeSwitch(1);
else if ((xx < w / 2) && (yy > h /3) && (yy < h * .666)) makeSwitch(2);
else if ((xx > w / 2) && (yy > h /3) && (yy < h * .666)) makeSwitch(3);
else if ((xx < w / 2) && (yy > h *.666)) makeSwitch(4);
else if ((xx > w / 2) && (yy > h *.666)) makeSwitch(5);
}
mSelection = -1;
//mHeldGaugeBase.destroy(); mHeldGaugeBase = null;
mHold.recycle(); mHold = null;
trash.recycle(); trash = null;
mIsHolding = false;
setOnTouchListener(null);
x = -1000f; y = -1000f;
((AppionApplication)getContext().getApplicationContext()).vibrate(200); update();
}
break;
}
return true;
}
};
public Workbench(Context context) { this(context, null); }
public Workbench(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) { this(context, attrs, 0); }
public Workbench(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyle) {
super(context, attrs, defStyle);
for (int i = 0; i < mContent.length; i++) {
mContent[i] = new EmptySpace(getContext());
}
setAdapter(new BenchAdapter());
this.setOnItemClickListener(new OnItemClickListener() {
@Override public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> arg0, View view, final int pos, long arg3) {
if (mContent[pos] instanceof EmptySpace) {
CharSequence[] items = {"Analog", "Digital"};
AlertDialog.Builder adb = new AlertDialog.Builder(getContext());
adb.setTitle("Add a widget?")
.setItems(items, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener () {
@Override public void onClick(DialogInterface arg0, int position) {
mContent[pos].destroy();
mContent[pos] = null;
SensorBroadcaster s = ((AppionApplication)getContext().getApplicationContext()).
getSensorBroadcaster(AppionApplication.TEST_SENSOR);
switch (position) {
case 0: // Add an Analog GaugeBase to the Workbench
mContent[pos] = new AnalogGauge(getContext());
// TODO: Option to link to a manager
break;
case 1: // Add a digital GaugeBase to the Workbench
mContent[pos] = new DigitalGauge(getContext());
// TODO: Option to link to a manager
break;
} mContent[pos].preInit();
update();
}
});
adb.show();
} //else new GaugeBaseDialog(getContext(), Workbench.this, (GaugeBase)view, pos).show();
}
});
setOnItemLongClickListener(new OnItemLongClickListener() {
@Override public boolean onItemLongClick(AdapterView<?> arg0, View arg1,
int pos, long arg3) {
mSelection = pos;
mHold = mContent[pos].toBitmap();
mHeldGaugeBase = mContent[pos];
mHeldGaugeBase.destroy();
trash = Bitmap.createScaledBitmap(BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getContext().getResources(),
R.drawable.trash), getWidth() / 10, getHeight() / 10, true);
trashBox = new RectF(getWidth() / 2 - trash.getWidth()/2, getHeight() - trash.getHeight(),
getWidth() /2 + trash.getWidth() /2, getHeight());
mContent[pos] = new EmptySpace(getContext());
update();
mIsHolding = true;
setOnTouchListener(mWidgetExchanger);
((AppionApplication)getContext().getApplicationContext()).vibrate(300);
return false;
}
});
}
/**
* Perform a switch in within the bench. Exchange on slot with another.
* @param slot The slot of the widgets list that we are switching to.
*/
public void makeSwitch(int slot) {
if (mSelection == -1) return;
Log.i(TAG, "Performing a Widget switch");
mContent[mSelection].destroy();
mContent[mSelection] = mContent[slot];
mContent[slot] = mHeldGaugeBase;
mContent[slot].preInit();
mContent[slot].invalidate();
Log.d(TAG, " mSelection = " + mContent[mSelection] + " slot = " +mContent[slot]);
update();
}